<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000107140-20-000034.txt : 20200626
<SEC-HEADER>0000107140-20-000034.hdr.sgml : 20200626
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20200626145207
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000107140-20-000034
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		116
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20200430
FILED AS OF DATE:		20200626
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20200626

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000107140
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	BOOKS: PUBLISHING OR PUBLISHING AND PRINTING [2731]
		IRS NUMBER:				135593032
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NY
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0430

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-11507
		FILM NUMBER:		20993392

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030
		BUSINESS PHONE:		2017486000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		111 RIVER STREET
		CITY:			HOBOKEN
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07030

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20070820

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	WILEY JOHN & SONS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
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<TYPE>10-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form10k.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 10-K
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<div></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14pt;">UNITED STATES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 14pt;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Washington, DC&#160; 20549</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 18pt; font-weight: bold;">FORM <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentType" id="Fact_26049ea95dcb4934a2b3123bfe70de7b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">10-K</ix:nonNumeric></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Mark One)</div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z067cceaae3424857b2093c051a040706">
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the fiscal year ended:&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate" id="Fact_75702ca8608a4b258a93b869f060565b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">April 30, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">OR</div>
<div><br /></div>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the transition period from _________ to _________</div>
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<div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 24pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityRegistrantName" id="Fact_60f549ac60d747fd8c860c2710dab25e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC.</ix:nonNumeric></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)</div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" id="Fact_bfea4724be784efa8316f5ffdcde4696" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen">New York</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1" id="Fact_78d7905f0b8746d181e5bf05a3457c2f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">111 River Street</ix:nonNumeric>, <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown" id="Fact_a5765c43e5864b7189119e395f58516f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">Hoboken</ix:nonNumeric>, <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince" id="Fact_c23b89948acc44e1acaf710e942eb202" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">NJ</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Address of principal executive offices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 2%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 49%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Zip Code</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z3f620dd97bca48f19c844caf81ca94de">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;(<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:CityAreaCode" id="Fact_5117e277ecfa4478be655cac3db9a3fa" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">201</ix:nonNumeric>) <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber" id="Fact_e8bda1f898f14329a94adb3b9e22cf8c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">748-6000</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 100%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;Registrant&#8217;s telephone number including area code</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z92b72387469c4d7eab2476f783073974">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 44.02%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Title of each class</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.15%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;Trading Symbol</div></td>
    <td style="width: 41.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Name of each exchange on which registered</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 44.02%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_13e9d007cb6947ae8f91ee1cb1865fa4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_ClassACommonStockParValue100PerShareMember">Class A Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 44.02%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_e5f82b0717254eff992fda3f07b3f6e4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember">Class B Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.15%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" id="Fact_a1cdfbcc41da4c1d9e04e7c75cbe9f40" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember">JW.B</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 41.83%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" id="Fact_de2b48e752fb4bee85a9265998afe943" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen">New York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z5b361f2b64d2436c8ee2b96b51b6d730">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 25.87%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 50.14%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:</div></td>
    <td style="width: 24%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 25.87%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 50.14%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">None</div></td>
    <td style="width: 24%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" id="Fact_f4d24fa0c0254988bc502bb382658882" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span>&#160;&#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Yes <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span>&#160;&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityVoluntaryFilers" id="Fact_2b7f8337fc00402d9096543d502e2d06" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">No</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus" id="Fact_28cd33e3589f471b87604a283277abc1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span>&#160;&#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).&#160; <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" id="Fact_41bd2c276eaf410fafdf433197751555" contextRef="c20190501to20200430">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span>&#160;&#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (&#167;229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant&#8217;s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:AmendmentFlag" id="Fact_501c4e0264b74ef49b849d2e975a70e6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></span></div>
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<div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="zd698595f13074fa2852068a2501ff6ae">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityFilerCategory" id="Fact_7ab1cdd05e1b43c89e4a1f4a8692ee42" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:entityfilercategoryen">Large accelerated filer</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accelerated filer&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Non-accelerated filer&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2610;</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Smaller reporting company&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntitySmallBusiness" id="Fact_ee45370e1881460ea33f5ad385d1ffa3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Emerging growth company&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_3055264599b242b7b3512652ec8ab66e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></span></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityShellCompany" id="Fact_f033ecca95ca4637ac8e077106868738" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).&#160;&#160; Yes <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityShellCompany" id="Fact_cea302b4aaaa43cfb29f00a752904888" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#x2610;</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160; &#160; No <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Segoe UI Symbol';">&#x2612;</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price as of the last business day of the registrant&#8217;s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, October 31, 2019, was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityPublicFloat" id="Fact_4ef291d413fc4ac780097ec494de39a3" contextRef="c20191031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,040</ix:nonFraction> million. The registrant has no non-voting common stock.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The number of shares outstanding of the registrant&#8217;s Class A and Class B Common Stock as of May 31, 2020 was <ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_a88d3c7dd48a4296872e7ce33d543745" contextRef="c20200531_StatementClassOfStockAxis_ClassACommonStockParValue100PerShareMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">46,767,784</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_c297e1246dd743ad8f39b27d0474cb47" contextRef="c20200531_StatementClassOfStockAxis_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,094,674</ix:nonFraction> respectively.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Portions of the registrant&#8217;s definitive proxy statement for use in connection with its annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held on September 24, 2020, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><!--PROfilePageNumberReset%Num%2%%%--></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FORM 10-K</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED APRIL 30, 2020</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="INDEX"><!--Anchor--></a>INDEX</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="ze9df26d35e39474f8672b110eaa35ab9">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">PART I</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PAGE</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 1</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Business</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item1a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 1A</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Risk Factors</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item1b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 1B</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unresolved Staff Comments</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 2</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Properties</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 3.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Legal Proceedings</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 4</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Mine Safety Disclosures</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#directors" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information About Our Executive Officers</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">22</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">PART II</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 5.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">23</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 6.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Selected Financial Data</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 7.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item7a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 7A</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#item8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 8.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Financial Statements and Supplementary Data</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">47</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 9.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">99</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item9A" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 9A.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Controls and Procedures</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">99</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item9B" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 9B.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Information</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">99</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">PART III</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 10.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">100</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item11" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 11</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Executive Compensation</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">100</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item12" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 12.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">100</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item13" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 13.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">101</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item14" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 14.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Principal Accounting Fees and Services&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">101</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">PART IV</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 15.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">102</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Item16" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">ITEM 16.</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form 10-K Summary</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">103</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 14%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="#SIGNATURES" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">SIGNATURES</a></div></td>
    <td style="width: 80%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;105</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>2</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements &#8220;Safe Harbor&#8221; Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This report contains &#8220;forward-looking statements&#8221; within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning our business, consolidated financial condition and results of operations. The Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) encourages companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can better understand a company&#8217;s prospects and make informed investment decisions. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from these statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can be identified by such words as &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;assumes,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;estimates,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;seek,&#8221; &#8220;predict,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;will&#8221; and similar references to future periods. All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this report regarding our strategies, prospects, financial condition, operations, costs, plans and objectives are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our fiscal year </span>2021<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> outlook, the anticipated impact on </span>the ability of our employees, contractors, customers and other business partners to perform our and their respective responsibilities and obligations relative to the conduct of our business in the future due to the current coronavirus (<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">COVID-19) outbreak, anticipated restructuring charges and savings, operations, performance, and financial condition.&#160;Reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements, as actual results may differ materially from those in any forward-looking statements.&#160;Any such forward-looking statements are based upon many assumptions and estimates that are inherently subject to uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control, and are subject to change based on many important factors. Such factors include, but are not limited to (i) the level of investment in new technologies and products; (ii) subscriber renewal rates for our journals; (iii) the financial stability and liquidity of journal subscription agents; (iv) the consolidation of book wholesalers and retail accounts; (v) the market position and financial stability of key retailers; (vi) the seasonal nature of our educational business and the impact of the used book market; (vii) worldwide economic and political conditions; (viii) our ability to protect our copyrights and other intellectual property worldwide; (ix) our ability to successfully integrate acquired operations and realize expected opportunities; (x) </span>the ability to realize operating savings over time and in fiscal year 2021 in connection with our multi-year Business Optimization Program<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">; and (xi) other factors detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Please refer to Part I, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for important factors that we believe could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Financial Measures:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We present financial information that conforms to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;). We also present financial information that does not conform to U.S. GAAP, which we refer to as non-GAAP.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In this report, we may present the following non-GAAP performance measures:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Earnings Per Share &#8220;(Adjusted EPS)&#8221;;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending;</div></td>
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</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Revenue;</div></td>
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</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Operating Income and margin;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc92dfc420fbb4db3a93644a75c3d94d6">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit and margin;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z12dce693151a444195db48ae39e6ebdb">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and margin;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Organic revenue; and</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Results on a constant currency basis.</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Management uses these non-GAAP performance measures as supplemental indicators of our operating performance and financial position as well for internal reporting and forecasting purposes, when publicly providing our outlook, to evaluate our performance and calculate incentive compensation. We present these non-GAAP performance measures in addition to U.S. GAAP financial results because we believe that these non-GAAP performance measures provide useful information to certain investors and financial analysts for operational trends and comparisons over time. The use of these non-GAAP performance measures may also provide a consistent basis to evaluate operating profitability and performance trends by excluding items that we do not consider to be controllable activities for this purpose.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>3</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For example:</div>
<div>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EPS, Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Contribution to Profit, Adjusted EBITDA, and<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> organic revenue provide a more comparable basis to analyze operating results and earnings and are measures commonly used by shareholders to measure our performance.</span></div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9e3e32c947cf4e519e8fea21b1cde52c">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending helps assess our ability, over the long term, to create value for our shareholders as it represents cash available to repay debt, pay common stock dividends and fund share repurchases and acquisitions.</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Results on a constant currency basis removes distortion from the effects of foreign currency movements to provide better comparability of our business trends from period to period. We measure our performance before the impact of foreign currency (or at &#8220;constant currency&#8221;), which means that we apply the same foreign currency exchange rates for the current and equivalent prior period.</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, we have historically provided these or similar non-GAAP performance measures and understand that some investors and financial analysts find this information helpful in analyzing our operating margins, and net income and comparing our financial performance to that of our peer companies and competitors. Based on interactions with investors, we also believe that our non-GAAP performance measures are regarded as useful to our investors as supplemental to our U.S. GAAP financial results, and that there is no confusion regarding the adjustments or our operating performance to our investors due to the comprehensive nature of our disclosures. We have not provided our 2021 outlook for the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures, as they are not available without unreasonable effort due to the high variability, complexity, and low visibility with respect to certain items, including restructuring charges and credits, gains and losses on foreign currency, and other gains and losses. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors, and could be material to our consolidated results computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Non-GAAP performance measures do not have standardized meanings prescribed by U.S. GAAP and therefore may not be comparable to the calculation of similar measures used by other companies and should not be viewed as alternatives to measures of financial results under U.S. GAAP. The adjusted metrics have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation from or as a substitute for U.S. GAAP information. It does not purport to represent any similarly titled U.S. GAAP information and is not an indicator of our performance under U.S. GAAP. Non-U.S. GAAP financial metrics that we present may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by others. Investors are cautioned against placing undue reliance on these non-U.S. GAAP measures.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART I</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -54pt; margin-left: 54pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item1"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 1. Business</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company, founded in 1807, was incorporated in the state of New York on January 15, 1904. Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all of our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Please refer to Part II, Item 8, &#8220;Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,&#8221; for financial information about the Company and its subsidiaries, which is incorporated herein by reference. Also, when we cross reference to a &#8220;Note,&#8221; we are referring to our &#8220;Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,&#8221; unless the context indicates otherwise.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which continues to include the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Academic &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which includes our Online Program Management and mthree <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses</span>. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Wiley drives the world forward with research and education.&#160;Through publishing, platforms and services, we help researchers, professionals, students, universities, and corporations to achieve their goals in an ever-changing world. </span>Through the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment, we provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals. The Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment provides scientific, professional, and education books in print and digital formats, digital courseware, and test preparation services, to students, libraries, corporations, professionals, and researchers, as well as learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals. The Education Services segment provides online program management services for higher education institutions and mthree talent placement services for professionals and businesses. Our operations are primarily located in the United States (&#8220;U.S.&#8221;), United Kingdom (&#8220;U.K.&#8221;), Germany, Russia, Sri Lanka, Canada, Jordan, and France. In the year ended April 30, 2020, approximately 44% of our consolidated revenue was from outside the U.S.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>4</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our business growth strategies include:</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">driving volume growth from existing journal and book brands and titles, as well as learning services related to education and professional development;</div></td>
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<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">developing new journal titles or through publishing partnerships;</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">developing new products and services for existing university partners, as well as signing new online program management partners;</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z73062e0c64bf4e6ba8d12ff3a3a27fe4">
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">making technology and content acquisitions that complement our existing businesses;</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">designing and implementing new methods of delivering products to our customers; and</div></td>
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<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z647fdbee3735499a8629a0730be265d5">
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">the development of new products and services.</div></td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Business Segments</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 280, &#8220;Segment Reporting&#8221; (&#8220;FASB ASC Topic 280&#8221;).&#160;Our segment reporting structure consists of three reportable segments, which are listed below, and a Corporate category:</div>
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    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning; and</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services.</div></td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms&#8217; mission is to support researchers, professionals and learners in the discovery and use of research knowledge to help them achieve their goals.&#160; Research provides scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals. Journal publishing areas include the physical sciences and engineering, health sciences, social sciences and humanities and life sciences. Research Publishing &amp; Platforms also includes Atypon Systems, Inc. (&#8220;Atypon&#8221;), a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</span>&#8482; <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span>platform.&#160;Research Publishing &amp; Platforms&#8217; customers include academic, corporate, government, and public libraries, funders of research, researchers, scientists, clinicians, engineers and technologists, scholarly and professional societies, and students and professors. Research Publishing &amp; Platforms products are sold and distributed globally in digital and print formats through multiple channels, including research libraries and library consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, and other customers. Publishing centers include Australia, China, Germany, India, the United Kingdom, and the United States.&#160; Research Publishing &amp; Platforms&#8217; revenue accounted for approximately 52% of our consolidated revenue in the year ended April 30, 2020, with a 35.3% Adjusted EBITDA margin.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue by product type includes Research Publishing and Research Platforms. The graphs below present revenue by product type for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><img src="image00017.jpg" width="720" height="194" alt="graphic" /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Key growth strategies for the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment include evolving and developing new licensing models for our institutional customers (&#8220;pay to read and publish&#8221;), developing new open access products and revenue streams (&#8220;pay to publish&#8221;), focusing resources on high-growth and emerging markets, and developing new digital products, services, and workflow solutions to meet the needs of researchers, authors, societies, and corporate customers.</div>
<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>5</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams:</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Journal Subscriptions;</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Journal Subscriptions</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We publish approximately 1,675 academic research journals. We sell journal subscriptions<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span>directly through our sales representatives, indirectly through independent subscription agents, through promotional campaigns, and through memberships in professional societies for those journals that are sponsored by societies. Journal subscriptions are primarily licensed through contracts for digital content available online through <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library</span>, which is delivered through our <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</span> platform. Contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. Print journals are generally mailed to subscribers directly from independent printers.&#160;We do not own or manage printing facilities.&#160;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Approximately 50% of Journal Subscription revenue is derived from publishing rights owned by us. Publishing alliances also play a major role in Research Publishing&#8217;s success. Approximately 50% of Journal Subscription revenue is derived from publication rights that are owned by professional societies and published by us pursuant to a long-term contract (generally 5&#8211;10 years) or owned jointly with a professional society. These society alliances bring mutual benefit, with the societies gaining Wiley&#8217;s publishing, marketing, sales, and distribution expertise, while Wiley benefits from being affiliated with prestigious societies and their members. Societies that sponsor or own such journals generally receive a royalty and/or other financial consideration. We may procure editorial services from such societies on a pre-negotiated fee basis. We also enter into agreements with outside independent editors of journals that define the duties of the editors and the fees and expenses for their services. Contributors of articles to our journal portfolio transfer publication rights to us or a professional society, as applicable. We publish the journals of many prestigious societies, including the American Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, the British Journal of Surgery Society, the European Molecular Biology Organization, the American Anthropological Association, the American Geophysical Union, and the German Chemical Society.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</span>, our online publishing platform for Research Publishing, delivers integrated access to over 9 million articles from approximately 1,675 journals, as well as 22,000 online books and hundreds of multi-volume reference works, laboratory protocols and databases. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library, </span>which is delivered through our <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</span> platform, provides the user with intuitive navigation, enhanced discoverability, expanded functionality, and a range of personalization options. Access to abstracts is free and full content is accessible through licensing agreements or as individual article purchases. Large portions of the content are provided free or at nominal cost to nations in the developing world through partnerships with certain non-profit organizations. Our online publishing platforms provide revenue growth opportunities through new applications and business models, online advertising, deeper market penetration, and individual sales and pay-per-view options. The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum </span>platform hosts over 40% of the world&#8217;s English language journals.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Wiley&#8217;s performance in the 2018 release of Clarivate Analytics&#8217; Journal Citation Reports (JCR) remains strong, maintaining its position as #3 in terms of the number of titles indexed, articles published, and citations received. Wiley saw a 9.5% increase in JCR articles, giving it 9.7% overall share (+0.6%) &#8211; its biggest increase since 2008.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A total of 1,223 Wiley journals were included in the reports, 58% of these were society publications &#8211; reaffirming Wiley&#8217;s position as the world&#8217;s leading society publishing partner. Wiley journals ranked #1 in 27 categories across 25 titles and achieved 349 top-10 category rankings.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The annual Journal Citation Reports (JCR) are one of the most widely-used sources of citation metrics used to analyze the performance of peer-reviewed journals. The most famous of these metrics, the Impact Factor, is based on the frequency with which an average article is cited in the JCR report year. Alongside other metrics, this makes it an important tool for evaluating a journal&#8217;s impact on ongoing research.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles, and Other<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span>includes advertising, backfile sales, the licensing of publishing rights, journal and article reprints, and individual article sales.&#160;We generate advertising revenue from print and online journal subscription products, our online publishing platform, <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum, </span>online events such as webinars and virtual conferences, community interest Web sites such as s<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">pectroscopyNOW.com,</span> and other Web sites.&#160; A backfile<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span>license provides access to a historical collection of Wiley journals, generally for a one-time fee.&#160;We also engage with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and other digital uses of our content.&#160;Journal and article reprints<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span>are primarily used by pharmaceutical companies and other industries for marketing and promotional purposes.&#160;Through the <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Article Select</span> and <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">PayPerView</span> programs, we provide fee-based access to non-subscribed journal articles, content, book chapters, and major reference work articles. The Research Publishing business is also a provider of content and services in evidence-based medicine (&#8220;EBM&#8221;). Through our alliance with The Cochrane Collaboration, we publish <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">The Cochrane Library</span>, a premier source of high-quality independent evidence to inform healthcare decision-making. EBM facilitates the effective management of patients through clinical expertise informed by best practice evidence that is derived from medical literature.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the Author-Funded<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span>Access business model, accepted research articles are published subject to payment of Article Publication Charges ("APCs"). After payment to Wiley, all Author-Funded articles are immediately free to access online. Contributors of Author-Funded Access articles retain many rights and typically license their work under terms that permit re-use.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Author-Funded Access offers authors choices in how to share and disseminate their work, and it serves the needs of researchers who may be required by their research funder to make articles freely accessible without embargo. APCs are typically paid by the individual author or by the author&#8217;s funder, and payments are often mediated by the author&#8217;s institution. We provide specific workflows and infrastructure to authors, funders, and institutions to support the requirements of the Author-Funded Access model.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We offer two Open Access publishing models. The first of these is <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Hybrid Open Access </span>where, upon payment of an APC, authors publishing in the majority of our paid subscription journals are offered, after article acceptance, the opportunity to make their individual research article openly available through the <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">OnlineOpen </span>service.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The second offering of the Open Access model is a growing portfolio of fully open access journals, also known as <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Gold Open Access Journals</span>, in which all accepted articles are published subject to receipt of an APC. All Open Access articles are subject to the same rigorous peer-review process applied to our subscription-based journals. As with our subscription portfolio, a number of the Gold Open Access Journals are published under contract for, or in partnership with, prestigious societies, including the American Geophysical Union, the American Heart Association, the European Molecular Biology Organization and the British Ecological Society. The Open Access portfolio spans life, physical, medical and social sciences and includes a choice of high impact journals and broad-scope titles that offer a responsive, author-centered service.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In March 2020, we agreed with Jisc, the U.K.&#8217;s research and education not-for-profit that negotiates licenses and digital content agreements on behalf of U.K. universities, on a four year comprehensive &#8220;read and publish&#8221; agreement that, for an annual fee, enables U.K. institutions to access our journal portfolio and researchers at U.K. universities the means to publish open access (&#8220;OA&#8221;) in all Wiley journals at no direct cost to them. As part of the new agreement, the proportion of OA articles published by U.K. researchers will increase from 27% to an estimated 85% in year one, with the potential to reach 100% by 2022. The agreement will also enable institutions and their users to access all of Wiley&#8217;s journals. Other comprehensive agreements include consortia in </span>Austria, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Norway<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and Sweden.&#160; We are compensated through a publish and read fee.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2019, we announced a contractual arrangement in support of Open Access, a countrywide partnership agreement with Projekt DEAL, a representative of nearly 700 academic institutions in Germany. This three-year agreement provides all Projekt DEAL institutions with access to read Wiley&#8217;s academic journals back to the year 1997, and researchers at Projekt DEAL institutions can publish articles open access in Wiley&#8217;s journals. The partnership will better support institutions and researchers in advancing open science, driving discovery, and developing and disseminating knowledge. We are compensated through a fee per article published.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Platforms</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Platforms is principally comprised of Atypon, </span>a publishing software and service provider that enables scholarly and professional societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market, and manage their content on the web through the <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Literatum</span> platform.&#160;</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment provides scientific, professional, and education books in print and digital formats, digital courseware, and test preparation services, to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers, as well as learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals. Communities served include business, finance, accounting, workplace learning, management, leadership, technology, behavioral health, engineering/ architecture, science and medicine, and education.&#160; Products are developed in print and digitally for worldwide distribution through multiple channels, including chain and online booksellers, libraries, colleges and universities, corporations, direct to consumer, Web sites, distributor networks and other online applications. Publishing centers include Australia, Germany, India, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Academic &amp; Professional Learning accounted for approximately 35% of our consolidated revenue in the year ended April 30, 2020, with a 23.7% Adjusted EBITDA margin.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning revenue by product type includes Education Publishing and Professional Learning. The graphs below present revenue by product type for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Key growth strategies for the Academic &amp; Professional Learning business include developing and acquiring products and services to drive corporate development and professional career development, developing leading brands and franchises, executing strategic acquisitions and partnerships, and innovating digital book formats while expanding their global discoverability and distribution. We continue to implement strategies to manage declines in print revenue through cost improvement initiatives and focusing our efforts on growing its digital lines of business.&#160;We are continuing to perform portfolio reviews and workforce realignment, restructuring, and operational excellence initiatives. In certain areas, we will explore new formats or promote digital-only, and in other areas, we may rationalize our portfolio.&#160;Our approach is to continue to realign our cost structure to help mitigate the market changes that are contributing to revenue decline, and to sharpen our focus on high performing areas and digital opportunities, while improving operating efficiency.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Book sales for STM </span>(Scientific, Technical and Medical)<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, Professional and Education Publishing are generally made on a returnable basis with certain restrictions. We provide for estimated future returns on sales made during the year based on historical return experience and current market trends.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Materials for book publications are obtained from authors throughout most of the world, utilizing the efforts of an editorial staff, outside editorial advisors, and advisory boards. Most materials are originated by the authors themselves or as a result of suggestion or solicitations by editors and advisors. We enter into agreements with authors that state the terms and conditions under which the materials will be published, the name in which the copyright will be registered, the basis for any royalties, and other matters. Most of the authors are compensated with royalties, which vary depending on the nature of the product. We may make advance royalty payments against future royalties<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">&#160;</span>to authors of certain publications. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We continue to add new titles, revise existing titles, and discontinue the sale of others in the normal course of our business, and we also create adaptations of original content for specific markets based on customer demand. Our general practice is to revise our textbooks approximately every three years, if warranted, and to revise other titles as appropriate. Subscription-based products are updated on a more frequent basis.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We generally contract with independent printers and binderies globally for their services. Management believes that adequate printing and binding facilities and sources of paper and other required materials are available to it, and that it is not dependent upon any single supplier.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In fiscal year 2016, we entered into an agreement to outsource our US-based book distribution operations to Cengage Learning, with the continued aim of improving efficiency in our distribution activities and moving to a more variable cost model.&#160;As of April 30, 2020, we had one global warehousing and distribution facility remaining, which is in the United Kingdom.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education and STM Publishing</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Book products including Education and Scientific Technical and Medical (STM) Publishing.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education textbooks and related supplementary material and digital products are sold primarily to bookstores and online booksellers serving both for-profit and nonprofit educational institutions (primarily colleges and universities), and direct-to-students. We employ sales representatives who call on faculty responsible for selecting books to be used in courses, and on the bookstores that serve such institutions and their students. The textbook business is seasonal, with the majority of textbook sales occurring during the July-through- October and December-through-January periods. There are active used and rental print textbook markets, which adversely affect the sale of new textbooks. We are exploring opportunities to expand into the print rental market.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">STM books (&#8220;Reference&#8221;) are sold and distributed globally in digital and print formats through multiple channels, including research libraries and library consortia, independent subscription agents, direct sales to professional society members, bookstores, online booksellers, and other customers.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We develop content in a digital format that can be used for both digital and print products, resulting in productivity and efficiency savings, and enabling print-on-demand delivery. Book content is available online through </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Wiley Online Library </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(delivered through our</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"> Literatum </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">platform), </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">WileyPLUS</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">zyBooks, </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">alta</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">,</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">and other proprietary platforms. Digital books are delivered to intermediaries, including Amazon, Apple, Google and Ingram/Vital-Source, for re-sale to individuals in various industry-standard formats, which are now the preferred deliverable for licensees of all types, including foreign language publishers. Digital books are also licensed to libraries through aggregators. Specialized formats for digital textbooks go to distributors servicing the academic market, and digital book collections are sold by subscription through independent third-party aggregators servicing distinct communities. Custom deliverables are provided to corporations, institutions, and associations to educate their employees, generate leads for their products, and extend their brands. Content from digital books is also used to create online articles, mobile apps, newsletters, and promotional collateral. This continual re-use of content improves margins, speeds delivery, and helps satisfy a wide range of customer needs. Our online presence not only enables us to deliver content online, but also to sell more books. The growth of online booksellers benefits us because they provide unlimited virtual &#8220;shelf space&#8221; for our entire backlist.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Publishing alliances and franchise products are important to our strategy. Education and STM publishing (including Test Preparation) alliance partners include the AICPA, the CFA Institute, ACT (American College Test), IEEE, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, and many others.&#160; The ability to join Wiley&#8217;s product development, sales, marketing, distribution, and technology with a partner&#8217;s content, technology, and/or brand name has contributed to our success.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Digital Courseware</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We offer high-quality online learning solutions, including <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">WileyPLUS</span>, a research-based, online environment for effective teaching and learning that is integrated with a complete digital textbook. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">WileyPLUS </span>improves student learning through instant feedback, personalized learning plans, and self-evaluation tools, as well as a full range of course-oriented activities, including online planning, presentations, study, homework, and testing. In selected courses, <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">WileyPLUS</span> includes a personalized adaptive learning component, Orion, which is based on cognitive science. Orion helps to build student proficiency on topics while improving the effectiveness of their study time. It assists educators in identifying areas that need reinforcement and measures student engagement and proficiency throughout the course.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>9</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On July 1, 2019, Wiley acquired Zyante, Inc, a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. </span>The highly-interactive <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">zyBooks&#174;</span> platform enables learners to learn by doing while allowing professors to be more efficient and devote more time to teaching. The platform maximizes learner engagement and retention through demonstration and hands-on learning experiences using interactive question sets, animations, tools, and embedded labs. The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">zyBooks</span> platform will become an essential component of Wiley&#8217;s differentiated digital learning experience and, when combined with the recent acquisition of Knewton&#8217;s <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">alta</span>&#8482; and adaptive learning technology in May 2019, will power lower-cost, higher-impact education across Wiley&#8217;s education business.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Test Preparation and Certification</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Test Preparation and Certification business represents learning solutions, training activities and print and digital formats that are delivered to customers directly through online digital delivery platforms, bookstores, online booksellers, and other customers.&#160; Products include CPAExcel&#174;, a modular, digital platform comprised of online self-study, videos, mobile apps, and sophisticated planning tools to help professionals prepare for the CPA exam, and test preparation products for the CFA&#174;, CMA&#174;, CIA&#174;, CMT&#174;, FRM&#174;, FINRA&#174;, Banking, and PMP&#174; exams.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing and Other</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content and use of the Knewton&#174; adaptive engine.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Learning</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Learning generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Professional Publishing</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional books, which include business and finance, technology, and other professional categories, as well as the <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">For Dummies&#174; </span>brand, are sold to bookstores and online booksellers serving the general public, wholesalers who supply such bookstores, warehouse clubs, college bookstores, individual practitioners, industrial organizations and government agencies. We employ sales representatives who call upon independent bookstores, national and regional chain bookstores, and wholesalers. Sales of professional books also result from direct mail campaigns, telemarketing, online access, advertising, and reviews in periodicals.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We also promote active and growing custom professional and education publishing programs. Our custom professional publications are used by professional organizations for internal promotional or incentive programs and include digital and print books written specifically for a customer and customizations of existing publications to include custom cover art, such as imprints, messages, and slogans. More specific are customized <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">For Dummies</span> publications, which leverage the power of this well-known brand to meet the specific information needs of a wide range of organizations around the world.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing and Other</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and distribution services are made available to other publishers under agency arrangements. We also engage in co-publishing titles with international publishers and receive licensing revenue from photocopies, reproductions, translations, and digital uses of our content. Wiley also realizes advertising revenue from branded Web sites (e.g. Dummies.com) and online applications.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our professional assessment businesses include high-demand soft-skills training solutions that are delivered to organizational clients through online digital delivery platforms, either directly or through an authorized distributor network of independent consultants, trainers, and coaches. Wiley&#8217;s branded assessment solutions include Everything DiSC&#174;, The Five Behaviors&#174; based on Patrick Lencioni&#8217;s perennial bestseller The Five Dysfunctions of a Team, and Leadership Practices Inventory&#174; from Kouzes and Posner&#8217;s bestselling The Leadership Challenge&#174;, as well as PXT Select&#8482;, a pre-hire selection tool. Our solutions help organizations hire and develop effective managers, leaders, and teams.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>10</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Corporate Learning business offers online learning and training solutions for global corporations, universities, and small and medium-sized enterprises, which are sold on a subscription or fee basis. Learning formats and modules on topics such as leadership development, value creation, client orientation, change management and corporate strategy are delivered on a cloud-based Cross Knowledge Learning Management System (&#8220;LMS&#8221;) platform that hosts over 20,000 content assets (videos, digital learning modules, written files, etc.) in 17 languages. Its offering includes a collaborative e-learning publishing and program creation system.&#160;Revenue growth is derived from legacy markets, such as France, England, and other European markets, and newer markets, such as the U.S. and Brazil. In addition, content and LMS offerings are continuously refreshed and expanded to serve a wider variety of customer needs. These digital learning solutions are sold directly to corporate customers either direct or through our partners.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Education Services segment consists of online program management services for higher education institutions and mthree training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses. Key growth strategies include developing new products and services for existing university partners, increasing enrollments for online program management programs, signing new and prestigious university partners, and bridging the IT skills gap through finding, training and placing emerging technology talent with corporations around the world. Education Services accounted for approximately 13% of our consolidated revenue in the year ended April 30, 2020, with a 8.7% Adjusted EBITDA margin.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services revenue by product type includes Education Services and mthree. The graphs below present revenue by product type for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Services</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Education Services segment engages in the comprehensive management of online degree programs for universities and has grown to include a broad array of tech enabled service offerings that address our partner specific pain points. Increasingly, this includes delivering full stack career credentialing education that advances specific careers within demand skills.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As student demand for online degree and certificate programs continues to increase, traditional institutions are partnering with online program management providers to develop and support these programs.&#160;Education Services include market research, marketing, student recruitment, enrollment support, proactive retention support, academic services to design courses, faculty support, and access to the Engage Learning Management System, which facilitates the online education experience. Graduate degree programs include Business Administration, Finance, Accounting, Healthcare, Engineering, Communications, and others.&#160;Revenue is derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. As of April 30, 2020, the Education Services business had 69 university partners under contract. W</span>e are also extending the core OPM business and also delivering a broader array of essential university and career credentialing services that the market is demanding and that leverage our core Wiley skills and assets.&#160; This full stack education includes teacher professional development and IT skills training, through which we develop, and deliver professional credits and job placement through our 500-plus corporate partners. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In addition, Education Services derives revenue from un-bundled service offerings.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On November 1, 2018, Wiley acquired </span>The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) headquartered in Louisville (KY). Learning House provides online program management services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">; </span>professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>11</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">mthree</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On January 1, 2020, Wiley acquired mthree, a rapidly growing education services provider that addresses the IT skills gap by finding, training and placing job-ready technology talent in roles with leading corporations worldwide. mthree sources, trains, and prepares aspiring students and professionals to meet the skill needs of today&#8217;s tech careers, and then places them with some of the world&#8217;s largest financial institutions, technology companies, and government agencies. mthree also works with its clients to retrain and retain existing employees so they can continue to meet the changing demands of today&#8217;s technology landscape.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">mthree&#8217;s primary operations is in the sourcing, training and placement of emerging technology talent for large corporations across the world. The sourcing process includes a multi-stage evaluation and is highly selective, with only 5-10% of applicants accepted into the program. The applicants are then trained by industry experts utilizing curriculum designed specifically for the clients&#8217; needs. After training, the trainees are employed by mthree and placed on client site, supported by mthree, until converted to a full-time employee with the client. Conversion is generally after 2 years and mthree has a strong track record of success, with nearly 80% of trainees converted to full time employees with clients.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Employees</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, we employed approximately 6,900 persons on a full-time equivalent basis worldwide.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Financial Information About Business Segments</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information set forth in Note 20, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Item 7, &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,&#8221; of this Form 10-K are incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Available Information</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Internet address is <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">www.wiley.com</span>. We make available, free of charge, on or through our website, our Annual Reports on Form&#160;10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form&#160;10-Q, Current Reports on Form&#160;8-K, and amendments to those reports that we file or furnish pursuant to Sections&#160;13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file these materials with, or furnish them to, the SEC. The information contained on, or that may be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference into, and is not a part of, this Form 10-K.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item1a"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 1A. Risk Factors</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">You should carefully consider all the information set forth in this Form 10-K, including the following risk factors, before deciding to invest in any of our securities. The risks below are the most significant risks we face but are not the only risk factors we face. Additional risks not currently known to us or that we presently deem insignificant could impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations. Our business consolidated financial position, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks. The trading price of our securities could decline due to any of these risks, and investors in our securities may lose all or part of their investment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">The recent global coronavirus outbreak may continue to harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. This contagious outbreak and the related adverse public health developments, including orders to shelter-in-place, travel restrictions and mandated business closures, have adversely affected workforces, organizations, customers, economies and financial markets globally, leading to an economic downturn and increased market volatility. It has also disrupted the normal operations of many businesses, including ours.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">This outbreak, as well as lockdown measures undertaken to contain the spread of COVID-19, caused disruptions and had a significant impact on our business, including, but not limited to:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">declines in print book sales due to indefinite closings of retail bookstores and the temporary prioritization of essential goods by online retailers;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">declines in businesses that rely on in-person engagement, primarily test prep and corporate training;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">delays in signing annual journal subscription agreements in certain parts of Europe and Asia due to challenges of remote selling and university disruption;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">delays in customer payments due to widespread disruption and pervasive cash conservation behaviors in the face of uncertainty;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">reduced student demand for continuing education which impacted our undergraduate and masters online program management programs, due to funding constraints related to loss of employment and/or lack of interest in pursuing education during a period of uncertainty; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">lower demand for early career technology talent due to client constraints including, the closure of corporate offices, staffing uncertainty, internal contractor hiring restrictions or financial constraints.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The outbreak also presents challenges as the majority of our workforce is currently working remotely and shifting to assisting new and existing customers who are also generally working remotely.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We cannot predict with any certainty the degree to which the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and reactions thereto will continue.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The COVID-19 pandemic may have the effect of heightening other risks identified in this section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2020, such as those related to technology disruption and the adoption by colleges and universities of online delivery of their educational offerings. It is not possible for us to predict the duration or magnitude of the adverse impacts of the outbreak and its effects on our business, results of operations or financial condition at this time, but such effects may be material.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>13</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">The trading price of the shares of our common stock may fluctuate materially, and investors of our common stock could incur substantial losses.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our stock price may fluctuate materially. The stock market in general has experienced significant volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of companies. As a result of this volatility, investors may not be able to sell their common stock at or above the price paid for the shares. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">actual or anticipated changes in our consolidated operating results;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">variances between actual consolidated operating results and the expectations of securities analysts, investors and the financial community;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">changes in financial estimates by us or by any securities analysts who might cover our stock;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">conditions or trends in our industry, the stock market or the economy;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">the level of demand for our stock, the stock market price and volume fluctuations of comparable companies;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">announcements by us or our competitors of new product or service offerings, significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships or divestitures;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">announcements of investigations or regulatory scrutiny of our operations or lawsuits filed against us;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">capital commitments;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">investors&#8217; general perception of the Company and our business;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">recruitment or departure of key personnel; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">sales of our common stock, including sales by our directors and officers or specific stockholders.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Our company is highly dependent on information technology systems and their business management and customer-facing capabilities critical for the long-term competitive sustainability of the business. These capabilities include business planning and transaction information, product development and delivery, marketing and sales information and management, and system security.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We must continue to invest in technology and other innovations to adapt and add value to our products and services to remain competitive. This is particularly true in the current environment, where investment in new technology is ongoing and there are rapid changes in the products competitors are offering, the products our customers are seeking, and our sales and distribution channels.&#160;In some cases, investments will take the form of internal development; in others, they may take the form of an acquisition.&#160;There are uncertainties whenever developing or acquiring new products and services, and it is often possible that such new products and services may not be launched, or, if launched, may not be profitable or as profitable as existing products and services. If we are unable to introduce new technologies, products, and services, our ability to be profitable may be adversely affected.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">The demand for digital and lower cost books could impact our sales volumes and pricing in an adverse way.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A common trend facing each of our businesses is the digitization of content and proliferation of distribution channels through the internet and other electronic means, which are replacing traditional print formats. The trend to digital content has also created contraction in the print book retail market which increases the risk of bankruptcy for certain retail customers, potentially leading to the disruption of short-term product supply to consumers, as well as potential bad debt write-offs.&#160;New distribution channels, such as digital formats, the internet, online retailers, and growing delivery platforms (e.g. tablets and e-readers), combined with the concentration of retailer power, present both risks and opportunities to our traditional publishing models, potentially impacting both sales volumes and pricing.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As the market has shifted to digital products, customer expectations for lower-priced products have increased due to customer awareness of reductions in production costs and the availability of free or low-cost digital content and products.&#160; As a result, there has been pressure to sell digital versions of products at prices below their print versions.&#160; Increased customer demand for lower prices could reduce our revenue.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We publish educational content for undergraduate, graduate, and advanced placement students, lifelong learners, and in Australia, for secondary school students. Due to growing student demand for less expensive textbooks, many college bookstores, online retailers and other entities offer used or rental textbooks to students at lower prices than new textbooks. The internet has made the used and rental textbook markets more efficient and has significantly increased student access to used and rental books.&#160; Further expansion of the used and rental book markets could further adversely affect our sales of print textbooks, subsequently affecting our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>14</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Adverse publicity could negatively impact our reputation, which could adversely affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our professional customers worldwide rely upon many of our publications to perform their jobs. It is imperative that we consistently demonstrate our ability to maintain the integrity of the information included in our publications. Adverse publicity, whether valid or not, may reduce demand for our publications and adversely affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Our intellectual property rights may not be protected, which could adversely affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A substantial portion of our publications are protected by copyright, held either in our name, in the name of the author of the work, or in the name of a sponsoring professional society. Such copyrights protect our exclusive right to publish the work in many countries abroad for specified periods, in most cases, the author&#8217;s life plus 70 years, but in any event, a minimum of 50 years for works published after 1978. Our ability to continue to achieve our expected results depends, in part, upon our ability to protect our intellectual property rights. Our consolidated financial position and results of operations may be adversely affected by lack of legal and/or technological protections for its intellectual property in some jurisdictions and markets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">A reduction in enrollment at colleges and universities could adversely affect the demand for our higher education products.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Enrollment in U.S. colleges and universities can be adversely affected by many factors, including changes in government and private student loan and grant programs, uncertainty about current and future economic conditions, increases in tuition, general decreases in family income and net worth, and a perception of uncertain job prospects for graduates. In addition, enrollment levels at colleges and universities outside the United States are influenced by global and local economic factors, local political conditions, and other factors that make predicting foreign enrollment levels difficult. Reductions in expected levels of enrollment at colleges and universities both within and outside the United States could adversely affect demand for our higher education products, which could adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">In our journal publishing business we have a trade concentration and credit risk related to subscription agents, and in our book business the industry has a concentration of customers in national, regional, and online bookstore chains. Changes in the financial position and liquidity of our subscription agents and customers, could adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the journal publishing business, subscriptions are primarily sourced through journal subscription agents who, acting as agents for library customers, facilitate ordering by consolidating the subscription orders/billings of each subscriber with various publishers. Cash is generally collected in advance from subscribers by the subscription agents and is principally remitted to us between the months of December and April. Although at fiscal year-end we had minimal credit risk exposure to these agents, future calendar-year subscription receipts from these agents are highly dependent on their financial condition and liquidity.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Subscription agents account for approximately 20% of total annual consolidated revenue and one affiliated group of subscription agents accounts for approximately 10% of total annual consolidated revenue.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our book business is not dependent upon a single customer; however, the industry is concentrated in national, regional, and online bookstore chains. Although no book customer accounts for more than 8% of total consolidated revenue and 9% of accounts receivable at April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, the top 10 book customers account for approximately 12% of total consolidated revenue and approximately 18% of accounts receivable at April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. </span>We maintain approximately $20 million of trade credit insurance, covering balances due from certain named customers, subject to certain limitations and annual renewal.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">A disruption or loss of data sources could limit our collection and use of certain kinds of information, which could adversely impact our communication with our customers.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Several of our businesses rely extensively upon content and data from external sources. Data is obtained from public records, governmental authorities, customers and other information companies, including competitors. Legal regulations, such as the European Union&#8217;s General Data Protection Regulation (&#8220;GDPR&#8221;), relating to internet communications, privacy and data protection, e-commerce, information governance, and use of public records, are becoming more prevalent worldwide. The disruption or loss of data sources, either because of changes in the law or because data suppliers decide not to supply them, may impose limits on our collection and use of certain kinds of information about individuals and our ability to communicate such information effectively with our customers. In addition, GDPR imposes a strict data protection compliance regime with severe penalties of up to 4% of worldwide revenue or &#8364;20 million, whichever is greater.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>15</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">If we are unable to retain key employees and other personnel, our consolidated financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company and industry are highly dependent on the loyal engagement of key management leaders and professional staff.&#160; Loss of staff due to inadequate skills and career path development or maintaining competitive salaries and benefits could have significant impact on Company performance.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have a significant investment in our employees around the world. We offer competitive salaries and benefits in order to attract and retain the highly skilled workforce needed to sustain and develop new products and services required for growth. Employment costs are affected by competitive market conditions for qualified individuals, and factors such as healthcare and retirement benefit costs.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are highly dependent on the continued services of key employees who have in-depth market and business knowledge and/or key relationships with business partners. The loss of the services of key personnel for any reason and our inability to replace them with suitable candidates quickly or at all, as well as any negative market perception resulting from such loss, could have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial position, and results of operation.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Changes in pension costs and related funding requirements may impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We provide defined benefit pension plans for certain employees worldwide. Our Board of Directors approved amendments to the U.S., Canada and U.K. defined benefit plans that froze the future accumulation of benefits effective June 30, 2013, December 31, 2015, and April 30, 2015, respectively. The funding requirements and costs of these plans are dependent upon various factors, including the actual return on plan assets, discount rates, plan participant population demographics, and changes in pension regulations. Changes in these factors affect our plan funding, consolidated financial position, and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">We may not realize the anticipated cost savings and benefits from, or our business may be disrupted by, our business transformation and restructuring efforts.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We continue to transform our business from a traditional publishing model to a global provider of content-enabled solutions with a focus on digital products and services. We have made several acquisitions over the past few years that represent examples of strategic initiatives that were implemented as part of our business transformation. We will continue to explore opportunities to develop new business models and enhance the efficiency of our organizational structure. The rapid pace and scope of change increases the risk that not all our strategic initiatives will deliver the expected benefits within the anticipated timeframes. In addition, these efforts may somewhat disrupt our business activities, which could adversely affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We continue to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. Significant risks associated with these actions that may impair our ability to achieve the anticipated cost savings or that may disrupt our business include delays in the implementation of anticipated workforce reductions in highly regulated locations outside of the U.S., decreases in employee morale, the failure to meet operational targets due to the loss of key employees, and disruptions of third parties to whom we have outsourced business functions. In addition, our ability to achieve the anticipated cost savings and other benefits from these actions within the expected timeframe is subject to many estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions are subject to significant economic, competitive, and other uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. If these estimates and assumptions are incorrect, if we experience delays, or if other unforeseen events occur, our business and consolidated financial position and results of operations could be adversely affected.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">We may not realize the anticipated cost savings and processing efficiencies associated with the outsourcing of certain business processes.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have outsourced certain business functions, principally in technology, content management, printing, manufacturing, warehousing, fulfillment, distribution, returns processing, and certain other transactional processing functions, to third-party service providers to achieve cost savings, and efficiencies. If these third-party service providers do not perform effectively, we may not be able to achieve the anticipated cost savings, and depending on the function involved, we may experience business disruption or processing inefficiencies, all with potential adverse effects on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">We may not be able to realize the expected benefits of our growth strategies, including successfully integrating acquisitions, which could adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations</span>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our growth strategy includes title, imprint, and other business acquisitions, including knowledge-enabled services, which complement our existing businesses. Acquisitions may have a substantial impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations. Acquisitions involve risks and uncertainties, including difficulties in integrating acquired operations and in realizing expected opportunities, cost synergies, diversions of management resources, and loss of key employees, challenges with respect to operating new businesses, and other uncertainties.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">As a result of acquisitions, we have and may record a significant amount of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets and we may never realize the full carrying value of these assets</span>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As a result of acquisitions, we recorded a significant amount of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, including customer relationships, trademarks and developed technologies. At April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, we had $1,116.8 million of goodwill and $807.4 million of intangible assets, of which $121.3 million are indefinite-lived intangible assets, on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The intangible assets are principally composed of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, brands and trademarks and developed technology. Failure to achieve business objectives and financial projections could result in an asset impairment charge, which would result in a non-cash charge to our consolidated results of operations. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested for impairment on an annual basis and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. Intangible assets with definite lives, which were $686.1 million at April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, are tested for impairment only when events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may have occurred. Determining whether an impairment exists can be difficult as a result of increased uncertainty and current market dynamics and requires management to make significant estimates and judgments. A non-cash intangible asset impairment charge could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position and results of operations. </span>See <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Note 11, </span>&#8220;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#8221; for further information related to goodwill and intangible assets, and the impairment charges recorded in the year ended April 30, 2020.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">We may be susceptible to information technology risks that may adversely impact our business, consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information technology is a key part of our business strategy and operations. As a business strategy, Wiley&#8217;s technology enables us to provide customers with new and enhanced products and services and is critical to our success in migrating from print to digital business models. Information technology is also a fundamental component of all our business processes, collecting and reporting business data, and communicating internally and externally with customers, suppliers, employees, and others.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our business is dependent on information technology systems to support our businesses. We provide internet-based products and services to our customers. We also use complex information technology systems and products to support our business activities, particularly in infrastructure, and as we move our products and services to an increasingly digital delivery platform.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We face technological risks associated with internet-based product and service delivery in our businesses, including with respect to information technology capability, reliability and security, enterprise resource planning, system implementations and upgrades. Failures of our information technology systems and products (including because of operational failure, natural disaster, computer virus, or hacker attacks) could interrupt the availability of our internet-based products and services, result in corruption or loss of data or breach in security, and result in liability or reputational damage to our brands and/or adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Management has designed and implemented policies, processes and controls to mitigate risks of information technology failure and to provide security from unauthorized access to our systems. In addition, we have disaster recovery plans in place to maintain business continuity.&#160; The size and complexity of our information technology and information security systems, and those of our third-party vendors with whom we contract, make such systems potentially vulnerable to cyber-attacks common to most industries from inadvertent or intentional actions by employees, vendors, or malicious third parties. Such attacks are of ever-increasing levels of sophistication and are made by groups and individuals with a wide range of motives. While we have taken steps to address these risks, there can be no assurance that a system failure, disruption, or data security breach would not adversely affect our business and could have an adverse impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are continually improving and upgrading our computer systems and software.&#160;We are in the process of implementing a new global Enterprise Resource Planning (&#8220;ERP&#8221;) system as part of a multi-year plan to integrate and upgrade our operational and financial systems and processes. We have completed the implementation of record-to-report, purchase-to-pay, and several other business processes within all locations through fiscal year 2017. We completed the implementation of order-to-cash for certain businesses in May 2018 and may continue to roll out additional processes and functionality of the ERP system in phases in the foreseeable future. Implementation of a new ERP system involves risks and uncertainties. Any disruptions, delays, or deficiencies in the design or implementation of a new system could result in increased costs, disruptions in operations, or delays in the collection of cash from our customers, as well as having an adverse effect on our ability to timely report our financial results, all of which could materially adversely affect our business, consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Challenges and uncertainties associated with operating in developing markets has a higher risk due to political instability, economic volatility, crime, terrorism, corruption, social and ethnic unrest, and other factors, which may adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We sell our products to customers in certain sanctioned and previously sanctioned developing markets where we do not have operating subsidiaries. We do not own any assets or liabilities in these markets except for trade receivables. In the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded an immaterial amount of revenue and net earnings related to sales to Cuba, Sudan, Syria and Iran. While sales in these markets are not material to our consolidated financial position and results of operations, adverse developments related to the risks associated with these markets may cause actual results to differ from historical and forecasted future consolidated operating results.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have certain technology development operations in Russia and Sri Lanka related to software development and architecture, digital content production, and system testing services. Due to the political instability within these regions, there is the potential for future government embargos and sanctions, which could disrupt our operations in this area. While we have developed business continuity plans to address these issues, further adverse developments in the region could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Approximately 22% of Research journal articles are sourced from authors in China. Any restrictions on exporting intellectual property could adversely affect our business and consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">I</span>f we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls, our ability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis could be impaired.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (&#8220;Sarbanes-Oxley Act&#8221;) and the rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are required to perform system and process evaluations and testing of our internal control over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in our Annual Report on Form&#160;10-K, as required by Section&#160;404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This may require us to incur substantial additional professional fees and internal costs to further expand our accounting and finance functions and expend significant management efforts.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may in the future discover material weaknesses in our system of internal financial and accounting controls and procedures that could result in a material misstatement of our financial statements. In addition, our internal control over financial reporting will not prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system&#8217;s objectives will be met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to errors or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud will be detected.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section&#160;404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner, or if we are unable to maintain proper and effective internal controls, we may not be able to produce timely and accurate financial statements. If that were to happen, the market price of our stock could decline and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the New York Stock Exchange, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">The competitive pressures we face in our business, as well as our ability to retain our business relationships with our authors and professional societies, could adversely affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The contribution of authors and their professional societies is one of the more important elements of the highly competitive elements of the publishing business. We operate in highly competitive markets. Success and continued growth depend greatly on developing new products and the means to deliver them in an environment of rapid technological change. Attracting new authors and professional societies while retaining our existing business relationships is critical to our success. If we are unable to retain our existing business relationships with authors and professional societies, this could have an adverse impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Changes in laws, tariffs, and regulations, including regulations related to open access, could adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We maintain operations in Asia, Australia, Canada, Euro<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">pe, and the United States. The conduct of our business, including the sourcing of content, distribution, sales, marketing, and advertising, is subject to various laws and regulations administered by governments around the world. Changes in laws, regulations, or government policies, including tax regulations and accounting standards, may adversely affect our future consolidated financial position and results of operations.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The scientific research publishing industry generates much of its revenue from paid customer subscriptions to online and print journal content. There is debate within government, academic, and library communities whether such journal content should be made available for free, immediately or following a period of embargo after publication, referred to as &#8220;open access,&#8221; For instance, certain governments and privately held funding bodies have implemented mandates that require journal articles derived from government-funded research to be made available to the public at no cost after an embargo period. Open access can be achieved in two ways: Green, which enables authors to publish articles in subscription based journals and self&#8211;archive the author accepted version of the article for free public use after an embargo period, and Gold, which enables authors to publish their articles in journals that provide immediate free access to the final version of the article on the publisher&#8217;s Web site, and elsewhere under permissive licensing terms, following payment of an APC. These mandates have the potential to put pressure on subscription-based publications. If such regulations are widely implemented, our consolidated financial position and results of operations could be adversely affected.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">To date, the majority of governments that have taken a position on open access have favored the green model and have generally specified embargo periods of twelve months. The publishing community generally takes the view that this period should be sufficient to protect subscription revenues, provided that publishers&#8217; platforms offer sufficient added value to the article. Governments in Europe have been more supportive of the gold model, which thus far is generating incremental revenue for publishers with active open access programs. Several European administrations are showing interest in a business model which combines the purchasing of subscription content with the purchase of open access publishing for authors in their country. This development removes an element of risk by fixing revenues from that market, provided that the terms, price, and rate of transition negotiated are acceptable.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">The uncertainty surrounding the implementation and effect of Brexit may cause increased economic volatility, affecting our operations and business</span>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom (UK) exited the European Union (referred to as "Brexit"). The UK has agreed to abide by EU rules during a transition period until the end of 2020, at which point the European Union and the UK expect to have agreements in place regarding future ties including trade, customs, commerce and travel.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A withdrawal without a trade agreement in place could significantly disrupt the free movement of goods, services, and people between the U.K. and the European Union, and result in increased legal and regulatory complexities, as well as potential higher costs of conducting business in Europe. Additional Brexit-related impacts on our business could include potential inventory shortages in the U.K., increased regulatory burdens and costs to comply with U.K.-specific regulations and higher transportation costs for our products coming into and out of the U.K. Any of these effects, among others, could materially and adversely affect our business and consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Cyber risk and the failure to maintain the integrity of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of third parties with which we do business, could have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial condition, and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cyber-attacks and hackers are becoming more sophisticated and pervasive. Our business is dependent on information technology systems to support our businesses. We provide internet-based products and services to our customers. We also use complex information technology systems and products to support our business activities, particularly in infrastructure and as we move our products and services to an increasingly digital delivery platform. Across our businesses, we hold personal data, including that of employees and customers.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Efforts to prevent cyber-attacks and hackers from entering our systems are expensive to implement and may limit the functionality of our systems. Individuals may try to gain unauthorized access to our systems and data for malicious purposes, and our security measures may fail to prevent such unauthorized access. Cyber-attacks and/or intentional hacking of our systems could adversely affect the performance or availability of our products, result in loss of customer data, adversely affect our ability to conduct business, or result in theft of our funds or proprietary information, the occurrence of which could have an adverse impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates could materially impact our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Non-U.S. revenues, as well as our substantial non-U.S. net assets, expose our consolidated results to volatility from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Non-U.S. dollar revenues accounted for 44% of our total consolidated revenues for fiscal year 2020, which primarily includes revenues in British pound sterling of 26% and euro of 10%. In addition, our interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subject to risk from changes in interest rates. These risks and the measures we have taken to help mitigate them are discussed in Part II, Item 7A, &#8220;Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,&#8221; of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We may, from time-to-time, use derivative instruments to hedge such risks. Notwithstanding our efforts to foresee and mitigate the effects of changes in external market or fiscal circumstances, we cannot predict with certainty changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, inflation, or other related factors affecting our business, consolidated financial position and results of operations<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">We may not be able to mitigate the impact of inflation and cost increases, which could have an adverse impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time to time, we experience cost increases reflecting, in part, general inflationary factors. There is no guarantee that we can increase selling prices or reduce costs to fully mitigate the effect of inflation on our costs, which may adversely impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Changes in tax laws, including regulations and other guidance in connection with the U.S. Federal tax legislation originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the &#8220;Tax Act&#8221;), could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are subject to tax laws within the jurisdictions in which we conduct business, including the U.S. and many foreign jurisdictions. In addition to the Tax Act in the U.S., changes in tax laws and interpretations in other jurisdictions where we do business, such as the U.K. and Germany, could significantly impact the taxation of our non-U.S. earnings. We are also subject to potential taxes and regulations in jurisdictions where we have sales even though we do not have a physical presence.&#160; These taxes and potential taxes could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations as most of our income is earned outside the U.S. In addition, we are subject to audit by tax authorities and are regularly audited by various tax authorities. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of tax audits could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals and could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Changes in global economic conditions could impact our ability to borrow funds and meet our future financing needs.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in global financial markets have not had, nor do we anticipate they will have, a significant impact on our liquidity. Due to our significant operating cash flow, financial assets, access to capital markets, and available lines of credit and revolving credit agreements, we continue to believe that we have the ability to meet our financing needs for the foreseeable future. As market conditions change, we will continue to monitor our liquidity position. However, there can be no assurance that our liquidity or our consolidated financial position and results of operations will not be adversely affected by possible future changes in global financial markets and global economic conditions. Unprecedented market conditions including illiquid credit markets, volatile equity markets, dramatic fluctuations in foreign currency rates, and economic recession could affect future results.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item1b"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">None.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45.1pt; margin-left: 45.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item2"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 2. Properties</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We occupy office, warehouse, and distribution facilities in various parts of the world, as listed below (excluding those locations with less than 10,000 square feet of floor area, none of which is considered material property).&#160;All of the buildings and the equipment owned or leased are believed to be in good operating condition and are suitable for the conduct of our business.</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z82c7c112c9fa46cf8fbf2c3aa922548d">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Location</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Purpose</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Owned or Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Approx. Sq. Ft.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">United States:</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">New Jersey</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Headquarters</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">294,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">185,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indiana</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42,000</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">California</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Offices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Massachusetts</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Illinois</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">52,000</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Florida</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">58,000</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Minnesota</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Texas</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Kentucky</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">47,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">International:</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Australia</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Offices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">34,000</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Canada</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,000</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">England</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Distribution Centers</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">298,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Offices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">102,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Offices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Owned</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">France</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Offices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Owned</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">104,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Jordan</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,000</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Singapore</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Distribution Centers</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leased</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Office</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item3"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 3. Legal Proceedings</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information set forth in Note 16, &#8220;Commitment and Contingencies,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation will not have a material effect upon our consolidated financial position or results of operations.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item4"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Not applicable.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>21</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="directors"><!--Anchor--></a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Information About Our Executive Officers</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Set forth below are the current executive officers of the Company. Each of the officers listed will serve until the next organizational meetings of the Board of Directors of the Company and until each of the respective successors are duly elected and qualified.</div>
<div><br /></div>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">BRIAN A. NAPACK</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.85pt; margin-left: 20.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">President and Chief Executive Officer and Director</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">JOHN A. KRITZMACHER</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div>&#160;</div><div>&#160;</div><div>&#160;</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">59</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Interim Chief Accounting Officer</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 2012 &#8211; Senior Vice President of Business Operations, Organizational Planning &amp; Structure at WebMD Health Corp</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">MATTHEW S. KISSNER</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">66</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">February 2019</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Executive Vice President, Group Executive</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">December 2017 &#8211; Chairman of Company's Board of Directors</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">May 2017 &#8211; Interim Chief Executive Officer of the Company</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 2015 &#8211; Chairman of Company's Board of Directors</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">DEIRDRE SILVER</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">52</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">February 2020</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.85pt; margin-left: 20.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Executive Vice President, General Counsel</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">August 2015 &#8211; Associate General Counsel, Senior Vice President of Legal, Research</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">63</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 2016</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.85pt; margin-left: 20.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Executive Vice President, Research</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.85pt; margin-left: 20.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 2011 &#8211; President &#8211; Global Enterprise and Education, Rosetta Stone Inc.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">56</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">61</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">February 2015 &#8211; Executive Vice President, Chief Technology Officer, Ascend Learning</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">MATTHEW LEAVY</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">52</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 2018 &#8211; SVP, Business Development</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">January 2018 &#8211; Principal Leavy Consulting LLC</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">August 2013 &#8211; Managing Director Global Managed Services, Pearson plc</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">DANIELLE MCMAHAN</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">November 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Executive Vice President, Chief People Officer</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">June 2017 &#8211; Chief Human Resources Officer, York Risk Services Group</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 2014 &#8211; VP, Global Talent, American Express</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 75.75%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 4.96%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 15.52%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>22</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART II</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item5"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 5. Market for Registrant&#8217;s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Class A and Class B shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols JW.A and JW.B, respectively.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a quarterly basis, the Board of Directors considers the payment of cash dividends based upon its review of earnings, our financial position, and other relevant factors. As of May 31, 2020, the approximate number of holders of our Class A and Class B Common Stock were 733 and 56, respectively, based on the holders of record.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program of $200 million of Class A or B Common Stock.&#160;This share repurchase program is in addition to the share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors during the year ended April 30, 2017 of four million shares of Class A or B Common Stock.&#160;</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the fourth quarter of 2020, we made the following purchases of Class A and Class B Common Stock under these publicly announced stock repurchase programs.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5a3de94ce1fc4d33b81a65bff44e6c78" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares Purchased</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average Price</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Paid Per Share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares Purchased</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">as Part of a Publicly</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Announced Program</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Maximum Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares that</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">May be Purchased</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Under the Program</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Maximum Dollar Value</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Shares that</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">May Yet be Purchased</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Under Additional Plans</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">or Programs</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Dollars in millions)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">February 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">325,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35.66</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">325,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">806,758</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">April 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">806,758</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$200</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">325,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35.66</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">325,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">806,758</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$200</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>23</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45.1pt; margin-left: 45.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item6"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 6. Selected Financial Data</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zed53b77029754ce8b77374edd6f56a72" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="18" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">For the Years Ended April 30,<sup> (a)(b)(c)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dollars (in millions, except per share data)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2017</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2016</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,831.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,800.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,796.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,718.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,727.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets <sup>(d)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">202.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating (Loss) Income <sup>(e)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(54.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">224.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">231.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">211.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">188.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract Liabilities in Working Capital <sup>(f)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,921.1</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Long-Term Debt</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">765.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">478.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">360.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">365.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">605.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shareholders' Equity</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">933.6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,181.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,190.6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,003.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Per Share Data</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A Common</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.36</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B Common</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.36</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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<div><br /></div>
<div>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Item 7, &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,&#8221; for a discussion of the factors that contributed to our consolidated operating results for the three years ended April 30, 2020.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb544b68aee0f4f71ae326eaeb4eae8db">
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 1, 2018, we adopted the U.S. accounting standard regarding revenue recognition ("Topic 606," or "ASC 606"). The adoption of Topic 606 did not have a material impact to our consolidated results of operations.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5eea3336b6b640bb8b78a35016e5bade">
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 1, 2019, we adopted the U.S. accounting standard regarding leases (&#8220;Topic 842&#8221;) which required us to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures.&#160; Refer to Note 2, " Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards," in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(d)</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we recorded non-cash charges for impairment of goodwill and intangible assets totaling $202.3 million. See Note&#160;11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#8221; for further discussion of our goodwill and identifiable intangible assets.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Due to the retrospective adoption on May 1, 2018 of Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) 2017-07, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,&#8221; total net benefits (costs) of $8.1 million and $(5.3) million related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were reclassified from Operating and Administrative Expenses to Interest and Other Income for the years ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Total net benefits related to the non-service components of defined benefit and other post-employment benefit plans were $8.8 million for the year ended April 30, 2019.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 4.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(f)</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The primary driver of the negative working capital is unearned contract liabilities related to subscriptions for which cash has been collected in advance. Cash received in advance for subscriptions is used by us for a number of purposes including funding: acquisitions, debt repayments, operations, dividend payments, and purchasing treasury shares. The contract liabilities will be recognized as income when the products are shipped or made available online to the customers over the term of the subscription period.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>24</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item7"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information in our Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (&#8220;MD&amp;A&#8221;) should be read together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes set forth in Part II, Item 8, as well as the discussion included above, &#8220;Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements &#8220;Safe Harbor&#8221; Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995&#8221; and &#8220;Non-GAAP Financial Measures,&#8221; along with Part I, Item 1A, &#8220;Risk Factors,&#8221; of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All amounts and percentages are approximate due to rounding and all dollars are in thousands, except per share amounts or where otherwise noted. When we cross-reference to a &#8220;Note,&#8221; we are referring to our &#8220;Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,&#8221; unless the context indicates otherwise.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Recent Events</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 25, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.3425 per share, or approximately $19.1 million, on our Class A and Class B Common Stock. The dividend is payable on July 22, 2020 to shareholders of record on July 7, 2020.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Fourth Quarter Highlights</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In March 2020, the global economy experienced a sudden and unprecedented downturn due to the COVID-19 pandemic.&#160; Wiley&#8217;s financial position is fundamentally strong, and we will continue to benefit from our leadership positions in research and education.&#160; However, the global isolation measures aimed at halting the COVID-19 spread had a significant impact on fourth quarter results, including the following:</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">declines in print book sales due to indefinite closings of retail bookstores and the temporary prioritization of essential goods by online retailers;</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">declines in businesses that rely on in-person engagement, primarily test prep and corporate training;</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">delays in signing annual journal subscription agreements in certain parts of Europe and Asia due to challenges of remote selling and university disruption;</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">delays in customer payments due to widespread disruption and pervasive cash conservation behaviors in the face of uncertainty;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">reduced student demand for continuing education which impacted our undergraduate and masters online program management programs, due to funding constraints related to loss of employment and/or lack of interest in pursuing education during a period of uncertainty; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">lower demand for early career technology talent due to client constraints including, the closure of corporate offices, staffing uncertainty, internal contractor hiring restrictions or financial constraints.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 35.95pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As a result, we estimate that the pandemic shutdown impacted fourth quarter revenue and EPS by $30 million to $35 million</span> and $0.15 to $0.20 per share, respectively.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 35.95pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Below is a summary of fourth quarter fiscal year 2020 results as compared with prior year:</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">GAAP Results: Revenue of $474.6 million, a decrease of 3%, and Diluted Loss per Share of $2.83;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Non-GAAP Adjusted Results on a constant currency basis: Adjusted Revenue decreased 2%, and Adjusted EPS decreased 44%;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We recorded non-cash charges for impairment of goodwill and intangible assets totaling $202.3 million. This impairment does not result in any future cash expenditures, impact liquidity, affect the ongoing business or financial performance of Wiley, or impact compliance with our debt covenants. See Note&#160;11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#8221; for further discussion of our goodwill and identifiable intangible assets.</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5f8b47a480c54fc7af4218f37ce1c6fe">
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On April 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.&#8217;s Informatics products including the company&#8217;s spectroscopy software and spectral databases (&#8220;Informatics&#8221;). The results of Informatics are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment results.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.95pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On March 2, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Madgex, a market-leading provider of advanced job board software and career center services. The results of Madgex are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment results.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We added four new university partners in the quarter: Drake University in Iowa, University of Iowa, Methodist University in North Carolina and Point University in Georgia.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>25</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Results of Operations</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FISCAL YEAR 2020 AS COMPARED TO FISCAL YEAR 2019 SUMMARY RESULTS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue for the year ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> increased $31.4 million, or 2%, as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis, revenue increased 3% </span>mainly driven by the following factors:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">an increase of $74.9 million in the Education Services business, including contributions from Learning House, which was acquired in November 2018, and mthree, which was acquired in January 2020; and</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdecfdd0ac8d54044bcfedcfa360742ef">
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">an increase of $21.0 million in the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms business.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">These increases were partially offset by a decline of $44.8 million in the Academic &amp; Professional Learning business.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Excluding the impact of acquisitions, revenues on a constant currency basis declined 1% as compared with the prior year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See the &#8220;Segment Operating Results&#8221; below for additional details on each segment&#8217;s revenue and Adjusted EBITDA performance<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Cost of Sales:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of sales for the year ended April 30, 2020 increased $36.3 million, or 7%, as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis, cost of sales increased 8%. This increase was primarily due to higher employment related costs in the Education Services business, and to a lesser extent, an increase in marketing costs, partially offset by lower inventory and royalty costs in Academic &amp; Professional Learning.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating and Administrative Expenses:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Op</span>erating and administrative expenses for the year ended April 30, 2020 increased $33.8 million, or 4%, as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis, operating and administrative expenses increased 5%. The increase was primarily due to increased investment in growth initiatives, including incremental costs associated with the acquisitions in the year ended April 30, 2020, and to a lesser extent, investments in additional resources in editorial and content support, and higher technology related costs.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets</span>:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill Impairment</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded a non-cash impairment of goodwill of $110.0 million related to our Education Services reporting unit. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. The impairment charge is not deductible for federal or state tax purposes and therefore there is no tax benefit related to the impairment charge.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During our annual goodwill impairment test initiated on February 1, 2020 we identified indicators that the goodwill of the Education Services business was impaired due to underperformance as compared with our acquisition case projections for revenue growth and operating cash flow. Subsequently, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we determined that our updated revenue and operating cash flow projections would be further impacted by anticipated near-term headwinds due to COVID-19, including adverse impacts on new student starts and student re-enrollment. Therefore, we updated the impairment test as of March 31, 2020 to reflect this change in circumstances. As a result, we concluded that the carrying value was above the fair value, resulting in a non-cash goodwill impairment of $110.0 million. We remain confident in the Education Services unit&#8217;s strong growth and profit potential, which is expected over time to be enhanced by the current accelerated shift to online learning.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Asset Impairment</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $89.5 million for our Blackwell trademark, which was acquired in 2007 and carried as an indefinite-lived intangible asset primarily related to our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment. The impairment reflects our decision to simplify Wiley&#8217;s brand portfolio and unify our research journal content under one Wiley brand, which will sharply limit the use of the Blackwell trade name. This impairment resulted in writing off substantially all of the carrying value of the intangible trademark asset. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&#160;The resulting non-cash impairment charge is entirely unrelated to COVID-19 or the expected future financial performance of the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>26</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In addition, as a result of our decision to discontinue the use of certain technology offerings within the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $2.8 million related to a certain developed technology intangible. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Note 11, </span>&#8220;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#8221; for further information related to goodwill and intangible assets.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Related Charges:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Business Optimization Program</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $32.8 million. We originally anticipated approximately $15 million to $20 million of restructuring charges, of which approximately $10 million to $15 million was expected to be severance-related costs and the remainder to be other related costs. However, in the fourth quarter of 2020, we recorded $15.0 million of pre-tax restructuring charges due to additional actions to mitigate the impact of COVID-19. These charges are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more details on these charges.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">These fourth quarter actions are expected to generate $30 million of estimated gross annual savings, which is incremental to the original $100 million of estimated gross savings anticipated over the three-year period. Most of those savings to be reinvested in the Company to drive and sustain profitable revenue growth.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded pre-tax restructuring credits of $0.2 million and charges of $3.1 million, respectively, related to this program. These credits and charges are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more details on these credits and charges.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the impact of both of our restructuring programs on diluted earnings per share, see the section below, &#8220;Diluted Earnings per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;).&#8221;</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Amortization of Intangibles:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization </span>of intangibles was $62.4 million for the year ended April 30, 2020, an increase of $7.8 million, or 14% as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis, amortization of intangibles increased 15% as compared with the prior year. The increase in amortization was due to the intangibles acquired as part of the acquisitions completed in fiscal year 2020 and, to a lesser extent, intangibles acquired as part of the acquisition of Learning House in November 2018, partially offset by<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> a decrease due to the completion of amortization of certain acquired intangible assets.</span> See Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions&#8221; for more details on these transactions.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating (Loss) Income:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating loss </span>was $54.3 million for the year ended April 30, 2020 compared with the prior year income of $224.0 million. On a constant currency basis and excluding the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets and restructuring charges, Adjusted EBITDA decreased 8% primarily due to<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> investment in growth initiatives and the impact of COVID-19.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest Expense:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest </span>expense for the year ended April 30, 2020 was $25.0 million compared with the prior year of $16.1 million. This increase was due to higher average debt balances outstanding, which included borrowings for the funding of acquisitions and a higher weighted average effective borrowing rate.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses):</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign </span>exchange transaction gains were $2.8 million for the year ended April 30, 2020 and were primarily due to <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the net impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our third-party accounts receivable and payable balances. </span>Foreign exchange transaction losses were $6.0 million for the year ended April 30, 2019 and were primarily due to the net impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our intercompany accounts receivable and payable balances.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>27</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Provision for Income Taxes:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the effective tax rate for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z44240afe6f6644c9854a2965d0d14019">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.47%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.89%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effective tax rate as reported</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.29%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(17.7)%</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21.0%</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.29%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.19%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42.3%</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tax effect from other unusual items</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.29%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3.1)%</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State tax adjustment in 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.29%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.19%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.3%</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred tax from the Tax Act Rate Change</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.29%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.19%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.1)%</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effective tax rate excluding the items listed above in each year</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.29%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.19%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21.5%</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">22.2%</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the year ended April 30, 2020 was less than the year ended April 30, 2019 due to the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, with respect to which we obtained a relatively small tax benefit. Excluding the effect of the impairment charges partially offset by the tax effect on other unusual items, the rate was 21.5% for the year ended April 30, 2020, compared to 22.2% for the year ended April 30, 2019, primarily due to lower taxes on income outside the U.S. as well as increased tax credits and related benefits.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Diluted (Loss) Earnings Per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;):</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Diluted loss per share for the year ended April 30, 2020 was $1.32 per share compared with earnings per share of $2.91 in the prior year.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Below is a reconciliation of our U.S. GAAP (loss) earnings per share to Non-GAAP Adjusted EPS:</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1c5a78e51aa84acbabff43c017f4c33e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S. GAAP (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.91</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Adjustments:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.94</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of Blackwell trade name</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.31</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of developed technology intangible</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.04</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.04</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign exchange losses on intercompany transactions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.02</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.06</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impact of change in certain International tax rates in 2020 and US state tax rates in 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.03</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.05</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">EPS impact of using weighted-average dilutive shares for adjusted EPS calculation <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.01</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EPS</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.40</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.96</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7db8aa46c11f405a9de043c8dd4bce98">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Represents the impact of using diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (56.7 million shares for the year ended April 30, 2020) included in the Non-U.S. GAAP adjusted EPS calculation in order to apply the dilutive impact on adjusted net income due to the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards. This impact occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Excluding the impact of the items included in the table above, Adjusted EPS for the year ended April 30, 2020 decreased 19% to $2.40 per share compared with $2.96 per share for the year April 30, 2019. On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EPS decreased 21% due to <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">investment in growth initiatives, including acquisitions, the impact of COVID-19, and higher interest expense. </span>The inorganic earnings impact of acquisitions was $0.33 per share of dilution for fiscal year 2020, including interest expense.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>28</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS:</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za20bd4d212034652a2cfb74e350729aa" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Constant Currency</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">RESEARCH PUBLISHING &amp; PLATFORMS:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">908,952</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">903,249</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39,887</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35,968</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Research Publishing &amp; Platforms Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">948,839</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">939,217</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of Intangible Assets (see Note 11)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">100</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">259,754</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of Intangible Assets (see Note 11)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">69,495</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">60,889</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">334,848</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">321,774</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA Margin</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">34.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue for the year ended April 30, 2020 increased 1% to $948.8 million on a reported basis and increased 2% on a constant currency basis as compared with the prior year. The increase was primarily due to continued growth in Open Access in Research Publishing primarily due to growth in co<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">mprehensive &#8220;read and publish&#8221; agreements</span>, which was partly offset by lower traditional subscription revenue. Also contributing to the decrease in subscription revenue were delays in renewing subscription agreements due to COVID-19 isolation and university disruption.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased 4% as compared with the prior year. This increase was due to higher revenues, and to a lesser extent, lower inventory related costs. These factors were partially offset by an increase in royalty costs, higher operating costs, which reflected investments in additional resources in editorial to support increased article publishing, and marketing related costs, which was partially offset by lower incentive compensation costs.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Society Partnerships</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8226;</span><span style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 18pt">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">9 new society contracts were signed with a combined annual revenue of approximately $9.3 million;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8226;</span><span style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 18pt">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">99 society contracts were renewed with a combined annual revenue of approximately $51.6 million;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#8226;</span><span style="display: inline-block; text-indent: 0px; font-size: 1px; width: 18pt">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">16 society contracts were not renewed with a combined annual revenue of approximately $5.7 million.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>29</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9ae942bea17c4d6aaefda496ff9b04f4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Constant Currency</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">ACADEMIC &amp; PROFESSIONAL LEARNING:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">352,188</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">372,018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">298,601</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">331,285</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">650,789</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">703,303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of Sales</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">179,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">195,331</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">370,363</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">343,859</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,649</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,709</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,470</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,139</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">74,176</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">146,265</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(49</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(49</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,470</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,139</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">84,646</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,404</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(43</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(42</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">69,807</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">68,126</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">154,453</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">215,530</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(28</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(28</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA Margin</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">23.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30.6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div><br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> revenue decreased 7</span>% to $650.8 million on a reported basis, and 6% on a constant currency basis as compared with the prior year. Excluding revenue from acquisitions, organic revenue declined 9% on a constant currency basis. This decrease was primarily due to the continued decline in book publishing reflecting market conditions, and to a lesser extent, a decrease in test preparation and certification offerings. During the fourth quarter of April 30, 2020, due to the impact of COVID-19, there was a further decrease in revenue for print books due to retail closures, reprioritization of online retailer shipments toward &#8220;essential goods&#8221; only, test preparation offerings due to cancelled exams, and classroom-dependent corporate training due to office closures.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA decreased 28% as compared with the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to the decline in revenue. Also contributing to lower Adjusted EBITDA, but to a lesser extent, was increased investment in growth initiatives including the acquisitions of <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">zyBooks</span> and Knewton, and an increase in reserves for accounts receivable primarily due to the impact of COVID-19. These factors were partially offset by lower inventory and royalty costs as a result of lower revenue.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>30</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z839742d38d6847fe99979beef9a3fb78" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Constant Currency</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">EDUCATION SERVICES:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">214,376</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">157,549</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">mthree</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17,479</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">100</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">100</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Education Services Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">231,855</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">157,549</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">47</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of Sales</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">156,197</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">104,831</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(49</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(49</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">62,991</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">55,754</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,511</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of Goodwill (see Note 11)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,671</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of Goodwill (see Note 11)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">110,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,671</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,844</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12,883</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,117</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20,287</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,234</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA Margins</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> revenue increased 47</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% to $231.9 million on a reported basis and 48% on a constant currency basis as compared with the prior year. </span>Excluding revenue from acquisitions, organic revenue increased 11% on a constant currency basis. <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The increase was mainly driven by an increase in fee-based online program management revenue.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased by $15.1 million as compared with the prior year. This was due to higher revenue, partially offset by higher costs of sales </span>from employment related costs, and to a lesser extent, higher marketing costs.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services Partners and Programs:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of April 30, </span>2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Wiley had 69 university partners under contract.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CORPORATE EXPENSES:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 2.15pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Expenses</span> for the year ended April 30, 2020 in<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">creased 7% to $180.1 million as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges, these expenses decreased 1%. This was primarily due to a decrease in employment and technology related costs, and a</span> life insurance recovery of $2.0 million. These factors were partially offset by additional legal related expense.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>31</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FISCAL YEAR 2019 AS COMPARED TO FISCAL YEAR 2018 SUMMARY RESULTS</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Revenue for the year ended April 30, 2019 was flat at $1,800 million, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, revenue increased 2% as compared with prior year. </span>This increase was primarily due to the following:</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6de9b37ff66d4f22b355ef6f4ea1a34f">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">the incremental impact of the acquisition of Learning House on November 1, 2018, which contributed $31.5 million of revenue;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7dedef7110144b48a95dc76f1c5b16cb">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">increased revenue in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment primarily driven by open access; and to a lesser extent, licensing, reprints, backfiles, and other offerings; and,</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z85a4d0f0ab254a20b0f3ecf60ea2a78d">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">increased revenue in our Education Services segment businesses, excluding the impact of Learning House.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">These increases were offset by declines in Academic &amp; Professional Learning print product sales.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisition of Learning House.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">See the &#8220;Segment Operating Results&#8221; below for additional details on each segment&#8217;s revenue and </span>Adjusted EBITDA performance<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Cost of Sales:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cost of sales for the year ended April 30, 2019 increased $23.7 million, or 4%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, cost of sales increased 6%. </span>This increase was primarily due to the following factors:</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd4d73257d2134ce6be3ff4ca33a92042">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">the incremental impact of Learning House, primarily due to marketing and employment related costs;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3c8ef6741f134b4ea0ceaa8e27c03898">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">an increase in legacy Education Services business marketing costs of $8.1 million primarily due to increased investments to support revenue growth;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbbfb6dd3a7d045889d0dee15b8b999bd">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">higher royalty costs of $6.6 million; and, to a lesser extent,</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1c3e1d1b86434337abcba86e7d0a3138">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">higher employment costs of $3.4 million.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">These </span>increases were offset by lower inventory costs of $5.8 million primarily due to lower Academic &amp; Professional Learning print sales.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating and Administrative Expenses:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Op</span>erating and administrative expenses for the year ended April 30, 2019 increased $6.8 million, or 1%, as compared with prior year and 2% on a constant currency basis. The increase was primarily due to higher costs related to increased resources in editorial resources to increase article output, as well as higher marketing, advertising and sales costs and the incremental impact of the acquisition of Learning House. These factors were partially offset by lower technology costs and the impairment charge in the prior year related to one of our Publishing brands of $3.6 million.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Related Charges:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $3.1 million and $28.6 million, respectively, related to this program. These charges are reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more details on these charges.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the impact of this restructuring program on diluted earnings per share, see the section below, &#8220;Diluted Earnings per Share (&#8220;EPS&#8221;).&#8221;</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Amortization of Intangibles:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amortization </span>of intangibles was $54.7 million for the year ended April 30, 2019, an increase of $6.4 million as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, amortization of intangibles increased 14%. The increase in amortization was primarily due to the acquisition of intangibles as part of the acquisition of Learning House and, to a lesser extent, in the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment due to the timing of the acquisitions of publishing rights in the second half of 2018.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>32</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating Income:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Operating income </span>was $224.0 million for the year ended April 30, 2019, a decrease of $7.5 million, or 3%, as compared with prior year. On a constant currency basis, excluding the impact from Learning House, which reported an operating loss of $8.0 million, and restructuring charges and the brand impairment charge in the prior year, operating income decreased 6%, due to higher expenses, partially offset by higher revenue.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest Expense:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Interest </span>expense for the year ended April 30, 2019 increased $2.8 million to $16.1 million on a reported&#160;basis. This increase was due to a higher average debt balances outstanding, which included borrowings for the funding of the acquisition of Learning House, and a higher weighted average effective borrowing rate<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses):</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign </span>exchange transaction losses were $6.0 million for the year ended April 30, 2019 and were primarily due to the net impact of the change in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our intercompany accounts receivable and payable balances. For the year ended April 30, 2018, foreign exchange transaction losses were $12.8 million which were primarily due to the impact of changes in average foreign exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar on our intercompany and third-party accounts receivable and payable balances.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Provision for Income Taxes:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the effective tax rate for the years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="zd418750faaef4142a8949e153fcf87ee">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 77.22%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.42%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 9.74%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10.2%</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #000000 4px double;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the year ended April 30, 2019 was greater than the rate for the year ended April 30, 2018 due to the net deferred tax benefit from the Tax Act in the year ended April 30, 2018 compared to the relatively small net deferred benefit in the year ended April 30, 2019 from state tax apportionment changes.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate was equal to the U.S. statutory rate for the year ended April 30, 2019 as the increase from higher taxes on non-U.S. income and various other items was offset by a state tax benefit from more favorable apportionment factors which reduced our deferred tax liabilities, net of federal benefit.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The Tax Act</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation. The Tax Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax system. We recorded a significant nonrecurring benefit from the Tax Act during the year ended April 30, 2018.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">EPS:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">EPS for the year ended April 30, 2019 was $2.91 per share compared with $3.32 per share in the prior year. Excluding the impact of the items included in the table below, Adjusted EPS for the year ended April 30, 2019 decreased 14% to $2.96 per share compared with $3.43 per share in the prior year.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7ac1c42a180342c098a757d3ba48b9cb" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S. GAAP EPS</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.91</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Adjustments:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.04</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.39</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign exchange losses on intercompany transactions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.06</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.15</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impact of Tax Cuts and Job Act</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.43</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impact of reduction in certain U.S. state tax rates in 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.05</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EPS</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.96</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.43</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>33</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EPS decreased 8% due to lower Adjusted Operating Income. Adjusted EPS for the year ended April 30, 2019 was also lower as compared with prior year due to an $0.15 per share dilutive impact of the Learning House acquisition.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which continues to include the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Academic &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which includes our Online Program Management and mthree <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses</span>. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze0a34737daaf4cadbf8714dbabc9dba8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Constant Currency</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">% Change Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">RESEARCH PUBLISHING &amp; PLATFORMS</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">:</span></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Platforms</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.95pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Research Publishing &amp; Platforms Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">936,857</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">395,670</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">384,030</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,833</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,257</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,257</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">260,885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">278,161</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">60,889</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">54,805</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">321,774</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">332,966</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA Margin</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">34.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue for the year ended April 30, 2019 increased $2.4 million, or flat as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis, revenue increased 3%, compared with the prior year, primarily due to continued </span>strong growth in publication volumes for Open Access, particularly hybrid journals.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA increased 1% as compared with the prior year. This increase was due to higher revenues, partially offset by higher cost of sales, primarily due to increased royalty costs and higher operating costs. T<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">he higher operating costs include additional resources in editorial to support increased journal publishing of $11.2 million, increased costs related to advertising and marketing of $3.0 million, and sales resources of $2.5 million, which were partially offset by lower administrative costs.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Society Partnerships:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, 17 new society contracts were signed, with combined annual revenue of approximately $5.4 million, and 4 society contracts were not renewed with combined annual revenue of approximately $1.8 million.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Projekt DEAL:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In the third </span>quarter of 2019, we completed a new agreement with a national consortium representing all 700 German academic institutions. This new three-year agreement provides those German libraries and their researchers with both subscriptions access and open access publishing. We expect to generate modestly more revenue from this new arrangement and the opportunity to grow revenue through higher publishing volumes.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>34</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbd0b2b571f7d447d962357dd71c6adf6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">ACADEMIC &amp; PROFESSIONAL LEARNING:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">372,018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">401,607</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">331,285</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">338,508</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.05pt; margin-left: 17.95pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">703,303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">740,115</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of Sales</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">195,331</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">209,951</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">343,859</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">357,976</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amortization of Intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Publishing Brand Impairment Charge</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">144,041</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,139</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,244</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Publishing Brand Impairment Charge</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,600</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,404</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">155,885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">68,126</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">72,274</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA Margin</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30.6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30.8</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div><br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning revenue decreased 5</span>% to $703.3 million on a reported basis, and 4% on a constant currency basis as compared with the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to a decline in book publishing due to a continued shift in market demand for print products.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> This decline was partially offset by an increase in volume of test preparation and certification product offerings, an increase in WileyPLUS mainly due to the timing of revenue recognition, and an increase in </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Assessment services and Corporate Learning</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA decreased 4% as compared with the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to lower revenues, partially offset by lower cost of sales due to a decrease in inventory costs and <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">to a lesser extent, book composition and product development amortization expense, as well as lower operating expenses, including employee related costs, content related costs and, to a lesser extent, technology costs.</span></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>35</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5493df9688144f8f9d3ea84b9c2744c4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">% Change</span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Favorable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Unfavorable)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">157,549</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">119,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Education Services Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">157,549</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">119,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost of Sales</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(37</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(37</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(93</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,894</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">79</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">79</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,272</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,899</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring Charges (see Note 7)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,894</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12,883</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">#</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,117</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"># Not meaningful</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Services revenue increased 32</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">% to $157.5 million on a reported and on a constant currency basis as compared with the prior year. The increase was mainly driven by the impact of the acquisition of Learning House </span>on November 1, 2018 which contributed $31.5 million in revenue<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and to a lesser extent, higher revenue in the legacy Education Services business.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA decreased 61% as compared with the prior year. <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This decrease was mainly driven by higher costs of sales due to the incremental impact of the acquisition of Learning House and higher marketing related costs of $8.1 million, due to&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the legacy Education Services business primarily due to increased investments to support revenue growth; and to a lesser extent, higher composition and product development amortization. In addition, </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">higher operating expenses were due to the incremental impact of the acquisition of Learning House; and to a lesser extent, an increase in sales related and technology costs.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Legacy Education Services Partners and Programs:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">As of April 30, 2019, we had 39 university partners and 276 programs under contract.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CORPORATE EXPENSES:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 2.15pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Corporate Expenses</span> for the year ended April 30, 2019 <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">decreased 8% to $168.8 million as compared with the prior year. On a constant currency basis and excluding restructuring charges, these expenses decreased 1%. This decrease was primarily due to lower employment related costs, including incentive compensation costs, partially offset by higher stock-based compensation expense of $2.3 million and costs associated with strategic planning of $1.4 million.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">FISCAL YEAR </span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2021</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> OUTLOOK</span></span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The isolation measures related to COVID-19 continue to impact the Research and Education businesses, with uncertainties about student enrollments, university budgets, and corporate spending. Wiley cannot confidently predict the extent or duration of the impact of the pandemic on its operating results and is therefore not providing fiscal year 2021 outlook. We are also withdrawing our fiscal year 2022 targets given such limited visibility.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>36</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are expecting COVID-19 related pressure on revenue and earnings to continue through the first quarter and into the second quarter of fiscal year 2021. With the reopening of retail outlets and a return to routine distribution by online retailers, we should see less pressure on print book sales. Student enrollments and university finances are important indicators to both our Research and Education businesses. Other leading indicators we are tracking include </span>resumption of college-entry exams and certification testing; corporate spending on professional learning; and corporate hiring.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 11, 2020, the Company announced that the Executive Leadership Team (ELT) and the CEO of the Company, along with the Board of Directors, agreed to six-month base pay reductions, ranging from 15% of the base salary of the ELT to 30% of the base salary of the CEO.&#160; For the Board of Directors, compensation reductions were set at 30% of the cash portion of the annual retainer for the independent non-employee directors of the Board, accompanied by an equivalent percentage reduction in the compensation of the Chairman of the Board. These voluntary reductions are not financially necessary for Wiley but are important in demonstrating leadership's shared commitment to our colleagues across the Company who will be impacted by deferred salary merit increases. We have implemented discretionary spending controls across the Company. We are reviewing our real estate portfolio for targeted rationalization, given success to date and working from home and the potential workforce benefits. We are significantly accelerating our process reengineering and technology in-sourcing initiatives to enable our strategic plans and reduce costs. We are also planning to further simplify, standardize and automate our workflows for sustainable efficiency gains. We project capital expenditures to be approximately $100 million with investment focused on the development of tech-enabled services and platforms as well as workflow and process redesign. To further mitigate the impact of the economic downturn, additional cost savings actions are anticipated as we make our way through the coming fiscal year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced on April 9, 2020, due to the COVID-19 uncertainty, we have decided to temporarily suspend share repurchases.&#160; We will resume share repurchases as the economic environment and our business improve.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA</span>:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Below is a reconciliation of our consolidated U.S. GAAP net (loss) income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z545d3c300854457ebfdad285698bd170" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(74,287</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">168,263</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,121</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,274</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Provision for income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,195</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,689</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,745</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,016</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,819</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest and other income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,381</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11,100</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8,563</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">355,795</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">388,262</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">417,616</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES:</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Principal Sources of Liquidity</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We believe that our operating cash flow, together with our revolving credit facilities and other available debt financing, will be adequate to meet our operating, investing, and financing needs in the foreseeable future. There can be no assurance that continued or increased volatility in the global capital and credit markets will not impair our ability to access these markets on terms commercially acceptable in the future. In addition, our liquidity could be adversely impacted by COVID-19 due to the continued impact on our customers, including cash collections.&#160; We do not have any off-balance-sheet debt.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $202.5 million, of which approximately $152.4 million, or 75% was located outside the U.S. Maintenance of these cash and cash equivalent balances outside the U.S. does not have a material impact on the liquidity or capital resources of our operations.&#160;Notwithstanding the Tax Act which generally eliminated federal income tax on future cash repatriation to the U.S., cash repatriation may be subject to state and local taxes and withholding or similar taxes. As described in Note 13, &#8220;Income Taxes,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, since April 30, 2018, we no longer intend to permanently reinvest earnings outside the U.S. We have a $2.0 million liability related to the estimated taxes that would be incurred upon repatriating certain non-U.S. earnings.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>37</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated the existing agreement (&#8220;Amended and Restated RCA&#8221;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) five-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.25 billion, and (ii) a five-year term loan A facility consisting of $250 million. </span>The agreement contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We incurred approximately $4.0 million of costs related to this agreement.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 6pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, we had $775.1 million of debt outstanding and approximately $722.3 million of unused borrowing capacity under our Amended and Restated RCA and other facilities. </span>Our Amended and Restated RCA contains certain restrictive covenants related to our consolidated leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of April 30, 2020.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A summary of contractual obligations and commercial commitments, excluding unrecognized tax benefits further described in Note 13, &#8220;Income Taxes,&#8221; of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">,</span> as of April 30, 2020 is as follows:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdaa7009d26b345199bdeafaff5f8dcd3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments Due by Period</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Within</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year 1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2&#8211;3</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Years</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">4&#8211;5</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Years</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">After 5</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Years</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">243.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">52.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">113.9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Minimum Royalty Obligations</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">401.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">98.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">146.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">87.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">68.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Operating Commitments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">83.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,565.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">198.9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">295.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">888.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">182.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z36ea1876536248d4a1bdcacb68793231">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Total </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">debt is exclusive of unamortized issuance costs of $0.7 million.</span></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z661d4c89c7e144aba3c6fa7550797443">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest on Debt includes the effect of our interest rate swap agreements and the estimated future interest payments on our unhedged variable rate debt, assuming that the interest rates as of April 30, 2020 remain constant until the maturity of the debt.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Analysis of Historical Cash Flow</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table shows the changes in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z956a33f1f635422bb816b89f3372190f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">288,435</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">250,831</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">382,322</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(346,670</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(301,502</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(177,411</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">172,677</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(17,595</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(96,831</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effect of Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,943</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8,443</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,661</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending helps assess our ability, over the long term, to create value for our shareholders, as it represents cash available to repay debt, pay common dividends, and fund share repurchases and new acquisitions. Below are the details of Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Cash </span>flow from operations is seasonally a use of cash in the first half of Wiley&#8217;s fiscal year principally due to the timing of collections for annual journal subscriptions, which occurs in the beginning of the second half of our fiscal year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z401e3164c9334e448c6b297c45802bf9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">288,435</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">250,831</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">382,322</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(88,593</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(77,167</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(114,225</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Product Development Spending</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(26,608</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(24,426</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(36,503</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Free Cash Flow less Product Development Spending</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">173,234</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">149,238</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">231,594</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>38</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following is a summary of the $37.6 million change in Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 as compared with the year ended April 30, 2019 (amounts in millions).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0a26d50f77914b58abb8a253b9933eba" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities &#8211; Year Ended April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">250.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Working Capital Changes:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net and contract liabilities - due to the timing of collections, including collections from the delayed calendar year 2019 journal subscription billing into fiscal year 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued income taxes primarily due to the timing of certain international tax payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lower contributions to the employment retirement plans due to a prior year $10.0 million discretionary&#160;contribution to the&#160;U.S. Employees' Retirement Plan of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other working capital items, including the timing of payments of accounts payable</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">22.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lower net income adjusted for items to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities &#8211; Year Ended April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">288.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our negative working capital was $312.3 million and $379.8 million as of April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and April 30, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively, due to the seasonality of our businesses. The primary driver of the negative working capital is unearned contract liabilities related to subscriptions for which cash has been collected in advance. Cash received in advance for subscriptions is used by us for a number of purposes, including funding: acquisitions, debt repayments, operations, dividend payments and purchasing treasury shares. </span>Due to the economic downturn, w<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">e estimate that approximately $30 million of customer payments are delayed into fiscal year 2021.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The $67.5 million change in negative working capital was primarily due to the increase in cash and cash equivalents, partially offset by, an increase in current liabilities of $21.8 million due to the recognition of the short-term portion of operating lease liabilities due to the adoption of ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842),&#8221; on May 1, 2019, and an increase in accrued employment costs of $11.2 million, primarily due to an increase in the restructuring liability related to severance related costs. See Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&#8221;, for further details on the adoption of Topic 842.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The contract liabilities will be recognized as income when the products are shipped or made available online to the customers over the term of the subscription. Current liabilities as of April 30, 2020 and as of April 30, 2019 includes $520.2 million and $519.1 million, respectively, primarily related to deferred subscription revenue for which cash was collected in advance.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">2019 compared to 2018</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities in the year ended April 30, 2019 decreased $131.5 million compared to the year ended April 30, 2018 to $250.8 million primarily due to the following factors:</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z459267a2d9b34e358397822b2b7047c8">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">lower net earnings adjusted for non-cash items of $24 million, including Learning House;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z07cbe1b1292942ef92842e65a6d4f45c">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">the unfavorable net impact on accounts receivable and contract liabilities from the delay in billings and subsequent collections of calendar year 2019 journal subscriptions of $57 million;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9630a9fe15d04a91b36c9936c0d0ec38">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">the net use of cash for other working capital items, including the payment of accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $26 million, primarily due to timing of payments and lower accruals for incentive compensation;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z31ed02a7c55d4f64bffd73e28f41bc35">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a net use of cash related to employee retirement plan contributions of $13 million, which includes a $10.0 million tax-advantage discretionary <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">contribution to the </span>U.S. Employees' Retirement Plan in fiscal year 2019; and</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbb4a71f95bd8462393eb2a21b90dc021">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">certain one-time closing costs related to the Learning House acquisition of $10 million.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our negative working capital was $379.8 million and $394.3 million as of April 30, 2019, and April 30, 2018, respectively, due to the seasonality of our businesses. The primary driver of the negative working capital is unearned contract liabilities related to subscriptions for which cash has been collected in advance. Cash received in advance for subscriptions is used by us for a number of purposes, including funding: acquisitions, debt repayments, operations, dividend payments and purchasing treasury shares.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our change in working capital of $14.6 million was primarily due </span>to the delay in billings and subsequent cash collections for calendar year 2019 subscriptions partly related to our ERP transition. We estimated that approximately $35 million of cash collections for calendar year 2019 journal subscriptions collections were delayed into fiscal year 2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The contract liabilities will be recognized as income when the products are shipped or made available online to the customers over the term of the subscription. Current liabilities as of April 30, 2019 and as of April 30, 2018 includes $519.1 million and $486.4 million, respectively, primarily related to deferred subscription revenue for which cash was collected in advance.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>39</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">2020 compared to 2019</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities in the year ended April 30, 2020 was $346.7 million compared to $301.5 million in the prior year. The increase was due to additional net cash used in the year ended April 30, 2020 to acquire businesses, and to a lesser extent, additions for technology, property and equipment of $11.4 million for investments in products and platforms. See Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; for more information related to the acquisitions in fiscal year 2020 and 2019.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">2019 compared to 2018</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2019 was $301.5 million compared to $177.4 million in the prior year. The increase was due to $190.4 million of net cash used to acquire Learning House.&#160; This was partially offset by a decrease of $37.1 million due to lower spending for technology, property and equipment in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2019 as a result of the May 2018 implementation of our enterprise resource planning system (&#8220;ERP&#8221;) order to cash release for journal subscriptions and the completion of our headquarters renovations. In addition, a $12.1 million decrease in product development spending, which was primarily due to the adoption of Topic 606 whereby certain costs to fulfill contracts, which were previously included in product development spending are now included in cash flow from operations. As well as a decrease of $17.2 million in cash used for the acquisition of publication rights and other.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">2020 compared to 2019</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities was $172.7 million in the year ended April 30, 2020 compared to Net Cash Used in Financing Activities of $17.6 million in the year ended April 30, 2019. This increase in cash provided by financing activities was due to an increase in net borrowings of $183.7 million for the year ended April 30, 2020 compared to the prior year, which was primarily due to the funding of acquisitions described above, and to a lesser extent, a decrease in cash used for the purchase of treasury stock in the year ended April 30, 2020 compared to the prior year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, we repurchased 1,082,217 shares of Class A and B Common stock at an average price of $43.05 compared to 1,191,496 shares of Class A Common stock at an average price of $50.35 in the prior year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the year ended April 30, 2020, we increased our quarterly dividend to shareholders by 3% to $1.36 per share annualized versus $1.32 per share annualized in the prior year.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program of $200 million of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to $200 million that was remaining under this program. No share repurchases were made under this program during the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The share repurchase program described above is in addition to the share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors during the year ended April 30, 2017 of four million shares of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to 806,758 additional shares that were remaining under this program.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">2019 compared to 2018</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used in Financing Activities was $17.6 million in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2019 compared to $96.8 million in the year ended April 30, 2018. This decrease in cash used in financing activities was due to an increase in net borrowings of $128.7 million in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2019 compared to <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2018. This was partially offset by $25.5 million of lower cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options and an increase in cash used of $20.3 million to repurchase shares of our Class A Common Stock.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2019, we repurchased 1,191,496 shares of Class A Common stock at an average price of $50.35 compared to 713,177 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average price of $55.65 in the prior year.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">the year ended April 30,</span> 2019, we increased our quarterly dividend to shareholders by 3% to $1.32 per share annualized versus $1.28 per share annualized in the prior year.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2019, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to 1,888,975 additional shares.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">RECENTLY ISSUED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS, ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE, AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are subject to numerous recently issued statements of financial accounting standards, accounting guidance, and disclosure requirements. The information set forth in Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K is incorporated by reference and describes these new accounting standards.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S.&#160;GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses during the reporting period.&#160;These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans.&#160; We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results. Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&#8221; of the &#8220;Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements&#8221; includes a summary of the significant accounting policies and methods used in preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. Set forth below is a discussion of our more critical accounting policies and methods.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Revenue Recognition:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details of our revenue recognition policy.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Sales Return Reserves:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&#8221; in the section &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details of our sales return reserves.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A one percent change in the estimated sales return rate could affect net income by approximately $1.3 million. A change in the pattern or trends in returns could also affect the estimated allowance.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed</span>:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets. </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed required us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as projected revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details of our acquisitions.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill is reviewed for possible impairment at least annually on a reporting unit level during the fourth quarter of each year. Our annual impairment assessment date is February 1. A review of goodwill may be initiated before or after conducting the annual analysis if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill may no longer be recoverable.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reporting unit is the operating segment unless, at businesses one level below that operating segment&#8211; the &#8220;component&#8221; level, discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by management, and the component has economic characteristics that are different from the economic characteristics of the other components of the operating segment, in which case the component is the reporting unit.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As part of the annual impairment test, we may elect to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. In a qualitative assessment, we would consider the macroeconomic conditions, including any deterioration of general conditions and industry and market conditions, including any deterioration in the environment where the reporting unit operates, increased competition, changes in the products/services and regulatory and political developments, cost of doing business, overall financial performance, including any declining cash flows and performance in relation to planned revenues and earnings in past periods, other relevant reporting unit specific facts, such as changes in management or key personnel or pending litigation, and events affecting the reporting unit, including changes in the carrying value of net assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">If the results of our qualitative assessment indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we are required to perform a quantitative assessment to determine the fair value of the reporting unit.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Alternatively, if an optional qualitative goodwill impairment assessment is not performed, we may perform a quantitative assessment. We early adopted </span>ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221; which eliminated the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> Under the </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">quantitative assessment, we compare the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including the goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, there would be no indication of impairment. If the fair value of the reporting unit were less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recognized for the difference.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We derive an estimate of fair values for each of our reporting units using a combination of an income approach and a market approach, each based on an applicable weighting. We assess the applicable weighting based on such factors as current market conditions and the quality and reliability of the data. Absent an indication of fair value from a potential buyer or similar specific transactions, we believe that the use of these methods provides a reasonable estimate of a reporting unit&#8217;s fair value.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Fair value computed by these methods is arrived at using a number of key assumptions</span> including forecasted revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, the discount rate, and the selection of <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">relevant market multiples </span>of comparable publicly-traded companies with similar characteristics to the reporting unit. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">There are inherent uncertainties, however, related to these factors and to our judgment in applying them to this analysis. Nonetheless, we believe that the combination of these methods provides a reasonable approach to estimate the fair value of our reporting units. Assumptions for sales, net earnings, and cash flows for each reporting unit were consistent among these methods.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">2020 Annual Goodwill Impairment Test</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of February 1, 2020, we completed our annual goodwill impairment test for our reporting units. We concluded that the fair values of our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During our annual goodwill impairment test initiated on February 1, 2020 we identified indicators that the goodwill of the Education Services business was impaired due to underperformance as compared with our acquisition case projections for revenue growth and operating cash flow. Subsequently, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we determined that our updated revenue and operating cash flow projections would be further impacted by anticipated near-term headwinds due to COVID-19, including adverse impacts on new student starts and student re-enrollment. Therefore, we updated the impairment test as of March 31, 2020 to reflect this change in circumstances. As a result, we concluded that the carrying value was above the fair value, resulting in a non-cash goodwill impairment of $110.0 million. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Critical assumptions that we used in performing the income and market approach for this reporting unit included; </span>revenue projections and operating cash flow projections, the<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> discount rate, and the selection of relevant market multiples of comparable publicly-traded companies with similar characteristics to the reporting unit.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Prior to performing the goodwill impairment test for Education Services, <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">we also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the reporting unit. When indicators of impairment are present, we test definite lived and long-lived assets for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of an asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. We considered the lower than expected revenue and operating cashflows over a sustained period of time, and downward revisions to our cash flow forecasts for this reporting unit to be indicators of impairment for their long-lived assets. Based on the results of the recoverability test, we determined that the undiscounted cash flows of the asset group of the Education Services reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. Therefore, there was no impairment.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Income Approach Used to Determine Fair Values</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The income approach is based upon the present value of expected cash flows. Expected cash flows are converted to present value using factors that consider the timing and risk of the future cash flows. The estimate of cash flows used is prepared on an unleveraged debt-free basis. We use a discount rate that reflects a market-derived weighted average cost of capital. We believe that this approach is appropriate because it provides a fair value estimate based upon the reporting unit&#8217;s expected long-term operating and cash flow performance. The projections are based upon our best estimates of forecasted economic and market conditions over the related period including growth rates, expected changes in forecasted operating cash flows, and cash expenditures. Other estimates and assumptions include terminal value long-term growth rates, provisions for income taxes, future capital expenditures, and changes in future cashless, debt-free working capital.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in any of these assumptions could materially impact the estimated fair value of our reporting units. Our forecasts take into account the near and long-term expected business performance, considering the long-term market conditions and business trends within the reporting units. For example, each reporting unit includes an assumption regarding the impact of COVID-19 from both a current and long-term perspective.&#160; However, changes in this assumption may impact our ability to recover the allocated goodwill in the future. For further discussion of the factors that could result in a change in our assumptions, see &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Market Approach Used to Determine Fair Values</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The market approach estimates the fair value of the reporting unit by applying multiples of operating performance measures to the reporting unit&#8217;s operating performance (the &#8220;Guideline Public Company Method&#8221;). These multiples are derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar investment characteristics to the reporting unit, and such comparable data are reviewed and updated as needed annually. We believe that this approach is appropriate because it provides a fair value estimate using multiples from entities with operations and economic characteristics comparable to our reporting units and Wiley.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The key estimates and assumptions that are used to determine fair value under this market approach include current and forward 12-month revenue and EBITDA results, as applicable, and the selection of the relevant multiples to be applied. Under the Guideline Public Company Method, a control premium, or an amount that a buyer is usually willing to pay over the current market price of a publicly traded company, is considered and applied, to the calculated equity values to adjust the public trading value upward for a 100% ownership interest, where applicable.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In order to assess the reasonableness of the calculated fair values of our reporting units, we also compare the sum of the reporting units&#8217; fair values to our market capitalization and calculate an implied control premium (the excess of the sum of the reporting units&#8217; fair values over the market capitalization). We evaluate the control premium by comparing it to control premiums of recent comparable market transactions. If the implied control premium is not reasonable in light of these recent transactions, we will reevaluate our fair value estimates of the reporting units by adjusting the discount rates and/or other assumptions.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">If our assumptions and related estimates change in the future, or if we change our reporting unit structure or other events and circumstances change (such as a sustained decrease in the price of our common stock, a decline in current market multiples, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climates, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, heightened competition, strategic decisions made in response to economic or competitive conditions, or a more-likely-than-not expectation that a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or disposed of), we may be required to record impairment charges in future periods. Any impairment charges that we may take in the future could be material to our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">2020 Annual Indefinite-lived Intangible Impairment Test</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">We estimate the fair value of these assets using a relief from royalty method under an income approach. The key assumptions for this method are revenue projections, a royalty rate as determined by management in consultation with valuation experts, and a discount rate.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $89.5 million for our Blackwell trademark, which was acquired in 2007 and carried as an indefinite-lived intangible asset primarily related to our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment. </span>The impairment reflects our decision to simplify Wiley&#8217;s brand portfolio<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and unify our research journal content under one Wiley brand, which will&#160; sharply limit the use of the Blackwell trade name.&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This impairment resulted in writing off substantially all of the carrying value of the intangible trademark asset. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The resulting non-cash impairment charge is entirely unrelated to COVID-19 or the expected future financial performance of the </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details of our goodwill and indefinite lived intangible balances and the review performed in the year ended April 30, 2020 and other related information.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&#8221; in the section &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details of definite lived intangible assets and other long-lived assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Retirement Plans:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We provide defined benefit pension plans for certain employees worldwide. Our Board of Directors approved amendments to the U.S., Canada and U.K. defined benefit plans that froze the future accumulation of benefits effective June 30, 2013, December 31, 2015, and April 30, 2015, respectively. Under the amendments, no new employees will be permitted to enter these plans and no additional benefits for current participants for future services will be accrued after the effective dates of the amendments.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The accounting for benefit plans is highly dependent on assumptions concerning the outcome of future events and circumstances, including discount rates, long-term return rates on pension plan assets, healthcare cost trends, compensation increases and other factors. In determining such assumptions, we consult with outside actuaries and other advisors.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The discount rates for the U.S., Canada and U.K. pension plans are based on the derivation of a single-equivalent discount rate using a standard spot rate curve and the timing of expected benefit payments as of the balance sheet date. The spot rate curves are based upon portfolios of corporate bonds rated at Aa or above by a respected rating agency. The discount rate for Germany is based on the expected benefit payments for the sample mixed population plan. The expected long-term rates of return on pension plan assets are estimated using forecasted returns for equities and bonds applied to each plan&#8217;s target asset allocation. The expected long-term rates are then compared to the historic investment performance of the plan assets and established by asset class, including an anticipated inflation rate. The expected long-term rates are then compared to the historic investment performance of the plan assets as well as future expectations and estimated through consultation with investment advisors and actuaries. Salary growth and healthcare cost trend assumptions are based on our historical experience and future outlook. While we believe that the assumptions used in these calculations are reasonable, differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions could materially affect the expense and liabilities related to our defined benefit pension plans. A hypothetical one percent increase in the discount rate would increase net income and decrease the accrued pension liability by approximately $1.2 million and $106.6 million, respectively. A one percent decrease in the discount rate would decrease net income and increase the accrued pension liability by approximately $0.3 million and $130.1 million, respectively. A one percent change in the expected long-term rate of return would affect net income by approximately $4.6 million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item7a"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are exposed to market risk primarily related to interest rates, foreign exchange, and credit risk. It is our policy to monitor these exposures and to use derivative financial investments and/or insurance contracts from time to time to reduce fluctuations in earnings and cash flows when it is deemed appropriate to do so. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Rates:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time to time, we may use interest rate swaps, collars, or options to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information set forth in Note 15, "Derivative Instruments and Activities," of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption "Interest Rate Contracts," is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On an annual basis, a hypothetical one percent change in interest rates for the $475.7 million of unhedged variable rate debt as of April 30, 2020 would affect net income and cash flow by approximately $3.6 million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign Exchange Rates:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fluctuations in the currencies of countries where we operate outside the U.S. may have a significant impact on financial results. We are primarily exposed to movements in British pound sterling, euros, Canadian and Australian dollars, and certain currencies in Asia. The Statements of Financial Position of non-U.S. business units are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and the Statements of Income are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted-average exchange rates for revenues and expenses.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> The percentage of Consolidated Revenue for the year ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> recognized in the following currencies (on an equivalent U.S. dollar basis) were approximately: 56% U.S dollar, 26% British pound sterling, 10% euro, and 8% other currencies.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk.&#160;Adjustments resulting from translating assets and liabilities are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#8217; Equity under the caption Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment.&#160;During the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded foreign currency translation losses in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss of approximately $28.6 million primarily as a result of the fluctuations of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound sterling, and to a lesser extent the euro.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exchange rate gains or losses related to foreign currency transactions are recognized as transaction gains or losses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income as incurred. Under certain circumstances, we may enter into derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency forward contracts to hedge against specific transactions, including intercompany purchases and loans.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information set forth in Note 15, "Derivative Instruments and Activities," of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption "Foreign Currency Contracts," is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Credit Risk:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the journal publishing business, subscriptions are primarily sourced through journal subscription agents who, acting as agents for library customers, facilitate ordering by consolidating the subscription orders/billings of each subscriber with various publishers. Cash is generally collected in advance from subscribers by the subscription agents and is principally remitted to us between the months of December and April. Although at fiscal year-end we had minimal credit risk exposure to these agents, future calendar-year subscription receipts from these agents are highly dependent on their financial condition and liquidity. Subscription agents account for approximately 20% of total annual consolidated revenue and one affiliated group of subscription agents accounts for approximately 10% of total annual consolidated revenue.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our book business is not dependent upon a single customer; however, the industry is concentrated in national, regional, and online bookstore chains. Although no book customer accounts for more than 8% of total consolidated revenue and 9% of accounts receivable at April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, the top 10 book customers account for approximately 12% of total consolidated revenue and approximately 18% of accounts receivable at April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. </span>We maintain approximately $20 million of trade credit insurance, covering balances due from certain named customers, subject to certain limitations and annual renewal.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>45</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As described above, in Item 7, &#8220;Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,&#8221; in the caption &#8220;Fourth Quarter Highlights,&#8221; certain of our customers could be impacted by COVID-19 and we could experience potential delays in payments</span> due to widespread disruption and pervasive cash conservation behaviors in the face of uncertainty causing one or more of our clients to file for bankruptcy protection or shut down<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Disclosure of Certain Activities Relating to Iran:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The European Union, Canada and the U.S. have imposed sanctions on business relationships with Iran, including restrictions on financial transactions and prohibitions on direct and indirect trading with listed &#8220;designated persons.&#8221; </span>In<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> the year ended April 30,</span>&#160;2020, we recorded an immaterial amount of revenue and net earnings related to the sale of scientific and medical content to certain publicly funded universities, hospitals and institutions that meet the definition of the &#8220;Government of Iran&#8221; as defined under section 560.304 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations. We assessed our business relationship and transactions with Iran and believe we are in compliance with the regulations governing the sanctions. We intend to continue in these or similar sales as long as they continue to be consistent with all applicable sanction-related regulations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>46</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="item8"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes are filed as part of this report.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z9c830d1e4fdf4112845e412e6f835150">
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#kpmg" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</a></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Financial Statements</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#FINANCIALPOSITION" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consolidated Statements of Financial Position</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> - April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span>2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">54</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INCOME" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">55</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#COMPREHENSIVELOSSINCOME" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">56</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#CASHFLOWS" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#SHAREHOLDERSEQUITY" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consolidated Statements of Shareholders&#8217; Equity</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">58</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45.1pt; margin-left: 80.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 1.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Description of Business</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">59</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 35.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 2.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">59</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 35.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 3.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">66</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 4.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Acquisitions</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">71</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 5.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">75</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note6" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 6.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">75</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 7.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Restructuring and Related Charges</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">76</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 8.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; &#160; Inventories</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 9.</a>&#160; &#160; <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Product Development Assets</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 10.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Technology, Property, and Equipment</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note11" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 11.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Goodwill and Intangible Assets</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">79</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note12" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 12.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Operating Leases</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">81</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note13" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 13.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Income Taxes</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">83</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note14" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 14.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Debt and Available Credit Facilities</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">85</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 15.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Derivative Instruments and Activities</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">86</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note16" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 16.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Commitment and Contingencies</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">88</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note17" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 17.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Retirement Plans</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">88</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note18" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 18.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Stock-Based Compensation</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">91</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note19" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 19.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">94</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note20" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 20.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Segment Information</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">96</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note21" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 21.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information&#8211;Results By Quarter (Unaudited)</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">98</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 35.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#Note22" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note 22.</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160; Subsequent Events</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">98</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Financial Statement Schedule</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 93.07%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#ScheduleII" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Schedule II</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> &#8211; Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018</div></td>
    <td style="width: 6.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">104</div><div>&#160;</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">MANAGEMENT&#8217;S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">To our Shareholders</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The management of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and subsidiaries is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f).</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Internal Control &#8211; Integrated Framework</span> (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on our evaluation under the framework in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Internal Control &#8211; Integrated Framework </span>issued by COSO<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">, </span>our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The Company acquired mthree</span> during fiscal year 2020, which represented less than 1% of total consolidated assets, excluding goodwill and intangible assets which are included within the scope of the assessment, and approximately 1% of total consolidated revenues of the Company as of and for the year ended April 30, 2020.&#160; mthree was excluded from the Company's assessment of the effectiveness of the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are in the process of implementing a new global ERP that will enhance our business and financial processes and standardize our information systems. As previously disclosed, we have completed the implementation of record-to-report, purchase-to-pay and several other business processes within all locations through fiscal year 2017. We completed the implementation of order-to-cash for certain businesses in May 2018 and may continue to roll out additional processes and functionality of the ERP in phases in the foreseeable future.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As with any new information system we implement, this application, along with the internal controls over financial reporting included in this process, will require testing for effectiveness. In connection with this ERP implementation, we are updating our internal controls over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate modifications to our business processes and accounting procedures. We do not believe that the ERP implementation will have an adverse effect on our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Except as described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting during fiscal year 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company&#8217;s Corporate Governance Principles, Committee Charters, Business Conduct and Ethics Policy and the Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers are published on our web site at www.wiley.com under the &#8220;About Wiley&#8212;Corporate Governance&#8221; captions.&#160; Copies are also available free of charge to shareholders on request to the Corporate Secretary, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774.</div>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</div></td>
    <td style="width: 58.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brian A. Napack</div></td>
    <td style="width: 58.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">President and Chief Executive Officer</div></td>
    <td style="width: 58.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ John A. Kritzmacher</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John A. Kritzmacher</div></td>
    <td style="width: 58.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Interim Chief Accounting Officer</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 58.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 41.81%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">June 26, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 58.19%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="kpmg"><!--Anchor--></a>Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">To the Shareholders and Board of Directors</div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.:</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of (loss) income, comprehensive (loss) income, cash flows, and shareholders&#8217; equity for each of the years in the three-year period ended April 30, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule in Item 15(2) (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended April 30, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020, based on criteria established in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Internal Control &#8211; Integrated Framework (2013)</span> issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated June 26, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Change in Accounting Principle</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As discussed in Note&#160;2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for leases as of May&#160;1, 2019 due to the adoption of Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) Topic 842,&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Leases</span>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for revenue recognition&#160;as of May 1, 2018 due to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Revenue from Contracts with Customers</span>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Basis for Opinion</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&#8217;s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Critical Audit Matters</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over revenue</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company generated $909.0 million, $650.8 million, and $214.4 million of Research Publishing, Academic &amp; Professional Learning, and Education Services revenue, respectively, for the year ended April 30, 2020. The Company&#8217;s uses multiple information technology (IT) systems to record revenue.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We identified the evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over Research Publishing, Academic &amp; Professional Learning, and Education Services revenue as a critical audit matter. Evaluating the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained involved IT professionals with specialized skills and knowledge and required especially subjective auditor judgment because of the multiple revenue recognition processes, IT applications, and data interfaces.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We performed risk assessment procedures and applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over revenue. We tested certain internal controls over the Company&#8217;s revenue recognition processes.&#160; We involved IT professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in (1) testing certain IT applications and controls used by the Company in its revenue recognition processes, and (2) testing the interface of relevant revenue data between different IT systems used in the revenue recognition processes. On a sample basis, we also tested the recorded revenue by tracing the recorded amounts for specific transactions back to underlying documentation. In addition, we evaluated the overall sufficiency of the audit evidence obtained over revenue</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Assessment of the initial fair value of certain acquired intangible assets</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company accounts for acquired businesses using the acquisition method of accounting by recording assets and liabilities acquired at their respective fair values. During the year ended April 30, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of mthree, Zyante Inc., and other businesses for an aggregate purchase price of $234.2 million (&#8220;acquisitions&#8221;). The Company recorded intangible assets of $109.0 million during the year related to these acquisitions, including customer relationships, developed technology, content and trademarks. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of these intangible assets required the Company to develop assumptions, including key assumptions regarding forecasted revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, the customer attrition rate, the obsolescence rate of developed technology, and the discount rates.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We identified the assessment of the initial fair value of the acquired mthree customer relationships and Zyante Inc. developed technology as a critical audit matter. There was a high degree of subjectivity involved in evaluating the key assumptions developed by the Company used to determine the fair value of such customer relationships and developed technology. The estimated fair values of the mthree customer relationships and Zyante Inc. developed technology were also sensitive to changes in these key assumptions.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company&#8217;s acquisition-date valuation process, including controls related to the development of the key assumptions for the mthree customer relationships and Zyante Inc. developed technology. We performed risk assessment procedures and applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over the mthree customer relationships and Zyante Inc. developed technology. We evaluated the growth rates used by the Company to determine forecasted revenues by comparing them to prior acquisitions; current industry, market, and economic trends; and historical results of the acquired entities. We evaluated the forecasted operating cash flows by comparing them to prior acquisitions, analyst reports of comparable entities, and historical results of the acquired business and the Company. We assessed the obsolescence rate of the Zyante Inc. developed technology and mthree customer attrition rate by comparing them to historical experience of the Company and acquired entities. We performed sensitivity analyses over the Company&#8217;s key assumptions to assess the impact of possible changes to the key assumptions on the acquisition-date fair value of the mthree customer relationships and Zyante, Inc. developed technology. We involved a valuation professional with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in:</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5ff7a9eb55aa4e498bf46399243fc540">
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    <td style="width: 54pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">evaluating certain discount rates by comparing them to discount rates that were independently developed using publicly available market data for comparable entities,</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb3f57dab286d4c6bb3191372c1e14544">
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    <td style="width: 54pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">developing the estimated fair value of mthree customer relationships using the Company&#8217;s cash flow forecasts and an independently developed discount rate, and comparing it to the Company&#8217;s fair value estimate, and</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfbce3b6bf2074d7e90741cb98c454b88">
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    <td style="width: 54pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">developing estimated fair value of Zyante Inc. developed technology using the Company&#8217;s forecasted revenues and an independently developed discount rate and comparing it to the Company&#8217;s fair value estimate.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>50</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Assessment of the fair value of the Education Services reporting unit</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As discussed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the total goodwill balance was $1,116.8 million as of April 30, 2020, of which $167.6 million was related to the Education Services segment, which includes the Education Services reporting unit. During the completion of the annual goodwill impairment test, the Company identified indicators of impairment in the Education Services reporting unit. Evaluating goodwill for impairment involves comparing the fair value of the Education Services reporting unit to its carrying value. The Company uses a combination of an income approach and a market approach to estimate the fair value of its reporting units, which requires the Company to make key assumptions regarding forecasted revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, the discount rate, and the selection of relevant market multiples of comparable publicly-traded companies with similar characteristics to the reporting unit. The Company concluded that the fair value of the Education Services reporting unit was below its carrying value and an impairment of $110.0 million was recognized.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We identified the assessment of the fair value of the Education Services reporting unit as a critical audit matter. Testing the key assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the Education Services reporting unit involved a high degree of auditor judgment as changes to those assumptions had a significant effect on the Company&#8217;s assessment of the fair value.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company&#8217;s goodwill impairment testing process, including controls related to the development of the key assumptions. We evaluated (1) the revenue growth rates used by the Company to determine forecasted revenues, and (2) forecasted operating cash flows by comparing them to industry, market and economic reports, and historical results of the Education Services reporting unit. We performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of possible changes to the key assumptions on the measurement date fair value of the Education Services reporting unit. We involved a valuation professional with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in:</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze60e257ba72a47e4acefbe4bca240bd6">
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    <td style="width: 54pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">evaluating the discount rate by comparing it to (1) a weighted average cost of capital that was independently developed using publicly available market data for comparable entities, (2) discount rates used in previous impairment analyses of the Education Services reporting unit, and (3) discount rates utilized in historical acquisitions of the Education Services reporting unit,</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z5fd8088979354cd29880d32f617b4fc1">
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    <td style="width: 54pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">evaluating relevant market multiples of comparable publicly-traded companies with similar characteristics to the reporting unit, and</div></td>
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<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z83cbab9783944dde858b6c1fdf3ef8bd">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 54pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">developing an estimated fair value of the Education Services reporting unit using the Company&#8217;s cash flow forecast and an independently developed discount rate and comparing it to the Company&#8217;s fair value estimate.</div></td>
  </tr>
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</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ KPMG LLP</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have served as the Company&#8217;s auditor since 2002.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">New York, New York<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span>June 26, 2020</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>51</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">To the Shareholders and Board of Directors</div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.:</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have audited <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, </span>Inc. and subsidiaries&#8217; (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020, based on criteria established in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Internal Control &#8211; Integrated Framework (2013)</span> issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">.</span> In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020, based on criteria established in <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Internal Control &#8211; Integrated Framework (2013)</span> issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of (loss) income, comprehensive (loss) income, cash flows, and shareholders&#8217; equity for each of the years in the three-year period ended April 30, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule in Item 15(2) (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated June 26, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company acquired mthree during the year ended April 30, 2020, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020, mthree&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting associated with less than 1% of total consolidated assets, excluding goodwill and intangible assets which are included within the scope of the assessment, and approximately 1% of total consolidated revenues of the Company as of and for the year ended April 30, 2020. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of mthree.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Basis for Opinion</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company&#8217;s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management&#8217;s Report On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1)&#160;pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2)&#160;provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3)&#160;provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company&#8217;s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>52</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ KPMG LLP</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">New York, New York<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br /></span>June 26, 2020</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>53</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF <a id="FINANCIALPOSITION"><!--Anchor--></a>FINANCIAL POSITION</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">In thousands</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0b770db40539453886fbf07f3c325887" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30,</div></td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Assets:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and cash equivalents</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" id="Fact_0fd7f758f5014a5eb2f770511dc1f28a" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">202,464</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" id="Fact_83146273ba2b4bbb80ac063d19c13629" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">92,890</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" id="Fact_6e7e2f48a96049578bd36a9d4f342ac8" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">309,384</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_c8b17e3bd44542779a88cde9c746b051" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">53,643</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_151d43df91db44b7aa845b7620f4969d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">62,470</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty Advances, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_cd93148a9bc54624ad7c82e2bfe369e4" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,710</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_887bfb8afa4e4e369d438bf67fc261f6" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,185</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_0d225125d87f468ab5e9cdc5e16bb0b2" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">298,005</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_88f08530329547dfb02dd8411790b269" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">289,021</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_26614f8d1fba4e34937c8701035243ce" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">807,405</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_dc4e0c75a23943e3ae81c810947e6f78" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">865,572</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_559075a7cbae421b9f00f51c0eef77a9" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,116,790</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_f1fd60fbc2124631827a50ce9eacd788" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,095,666</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_e3cf400ca9a24b49a2c5557865fd338d" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">142,716</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_e7faaee45f234f7f92d97ef800a8d8ae" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Non-Current Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" id="Fact_aa56adb070de4b19bc8b8a52b0110f34" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">98,598</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" id="Fact_40e805debddf46d1981b90e57ff4775d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">97,308</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" id="Fact_7560e2ff824741898c70e277bf7ea9fc" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,168,794</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Contract liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_3f2afeba813f4715a8a2daa4e3a50b3c" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">520,214</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued employment costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_d2a934df8faf468cba21d88277403092" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">108,448</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_e4d00136bd824bdf941f56d44fe3ca33" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">97,230</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent" id="Fact_98d1b1c1ac4644e38fbd10952154376f" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,728</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent" id="Fact_470f925409214359a11d337174132acd" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,025</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_e6d0639043bf4bb7b612e390d3ff2c6d" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,810</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other accrued liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" id="Fact_046f4621658b4c80af2ae0be2d833912" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">72,595</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Current Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" id="Fact_99678baf1a8f41ad8d32c0d9b6b8fa61" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,235,170</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shareholders&#8217; Equity</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" id="Fact_3b861abe4f74432aab045ba560b39e59" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" id="Fact_a60093db8eda4f62a9f89744430ee839" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" id="Fact_3b034eaa10be47e2896bfac1873d9914" contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">70,166</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" id="Fact_27fd58a984b043a9b08da695875d5da9" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">70,127</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additional paid-in capital</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" id="Fact_39706f16975c4383b49860c1ee198136" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">422,305</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retained earnings</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" id="Fact_a5d533857cf34098b6c85a3dff6129ee" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,780,129</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" id="Fact_df35e16b4cc243e79dde7b3560243e37" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,931,074</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated other comprehensive (loss):</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign currency translation adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" id="Fact_60bbb0b0055e4a59b871041b68de8af1" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">340,703</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" id="Fact_bff2cce2873b4079937adb63782b4c04" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">312,107</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unamortized retirement costs, net of tax</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDefinedBenefitPensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNetOfTax" id="Fact_f0bff726346246a79e415725565ff37a" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">227,920</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDefinedBenefitPensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNetOfTax" id="Fact_fc211733e6cb4fc1bd120e920594d69f" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">196,057</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unrealized (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCumulativeChangesInNetGainLossFromCashFlowHedgesEffectNetOfTax" id="Fact_30b1fb012bb24c45a621764b6aa3eaee" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,874</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCumulativeChangesInNetGainLossFromCashFlowHedgesEffectNetOfTax" id="Fact_101b672c73c8442aa0549b914335bee9" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">574</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 8.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" id="Fact_b187b75736774560a4d23c4ad6c27d63" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">575,497</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" id="Fact_26d4e323e1d840f2918fd8033ac01d6f" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">508,738</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Treasury Shares At Cost (Class A &#8211; <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_385897be526e432dbfaaf928550b3350" contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">23,405</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_c0d0945e6e59481294ed2705efeaec02" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22,634</ix:nonFraction> as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, Class B &#8211; <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_2e6b4a7a6f76437f948ff816f24503b9" contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,920</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_04499390fd524b0eb89e9e9255f8ba1c" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,918</ix:nonFraction> of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" id="Fact_dd503551404f4adcbf4c41e1815a9af1" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">785,870</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" id="Fact_12e0b3fe00e14d1c902265ef1a98875d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">746,476</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Shareholders&#8217; Equity</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_88e7160bd69049479afb093f544be1d8" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">933,624</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>54</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) <a id="INCOME"><!--Anchor--></a>INCOME</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands, except per share data</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z299ed820d48c4c6daff89cf73d121d1d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Loss) Earnings Per Share</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>55</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF <a id="COMPREHENSIVELOSSINCOME"><!--Anchor--></a>COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1ef45cfa695d453084b67aeced67e6fd" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">For the Years Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign currency translation adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" id="Fact_df0ab598cc3d4899b1d96d23faef5e6b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,596</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" id="Fact_4f455842744047cbbfde23bd06a0eed7" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,639</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_1d4a9e422d9a4659ac002b7590073f65" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,300</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_e847d05b7455457a980b03f6b7966c79" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,593</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" id="Fact_bee9997170ee4ca5b74515857cca03d2" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">592</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_be1689fca7c748b795b1c66d7edff156" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">66,759</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_c2f59d4acee04cab8b1784552dea2578" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">69,158</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_8ff884479c50450d805c473856a06cac" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,707</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comprehensive (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_4397a904e92f45a78329659f04321c9c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">141,046</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_9c3e471b49c941edbfe8cf7c1e75d324" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">99,105</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_79e9d1c667014a228b9a5bf1664b237f" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">259,893</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>56</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF <a id="CASHFLOWS"><!--Anchor--></a>CASH FLOWS</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6b09b7f714ef4cb5a53227842ed65954" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">For the Years Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_eeff3c0363f446aebf550fb08936e737" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">74,287</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_9ff41d0b8495432cb1f8aaf005990c66" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">168,263</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_a87b4676f2624788a525f3c7c20df381" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35,975</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_c2be77525d614e4188352b3ebfb77176" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">37,079</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_173e59ffe4b84c3d8bf1be043e04639e" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">41,432</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_5483d9e6d5a94712ad3d05b2b85ea5bb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">76,716</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_e6c65918462141009da8376999fe5381" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">69,418</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_768d2e3981974530a06edfe27025dd94" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">64,327</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_75c87b5f6f2b4c2488d3e26864eb465d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,607</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_d441dc0f09fb4648bc5a0ec439796e19" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,118</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_38eae0400d0c4d719829c27a4f532b92" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,566</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stock-based compensation expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_00174477bc8f47f5a0878a90f64882f2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20,009</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_c58a4b3839e44aefb26fe3a0c1f318c5" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,327</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_96a76e00281349a58bd002d46218d8dd" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,244</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employee retirement plan expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" id="Fact_7c77346795484f769c8223e3a36e0c67" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,832</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" id="Fact_6f05d4d75e1b4a27b7eb6c6c7ffd520f" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,236</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" id="Fact_b1538d0658d747b1965622a5601e89e3" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,388</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty advances</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued income taxes</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInRestructuringReserve" id="Fact_22d318bb47be411c957ad4e44d061bf1" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30,595</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other accrued liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities" id="Fact_117dcabb88dd4c2eae6f4f9e023ba1e0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,817</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities" id="Fact_b3ed280673b6466dbe488858c09f360a" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,022</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employee retirement plan contributions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPostretirementObligations" id="Fact_dcc00feadd894649995f458b92a4d459" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33,729</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPostretirementObligations" id="Fact_7d3d33e48e894a58ad04d7185120bcd9" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">40,470</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" id="Fact_6a87579ace8e461a8619b0051635acf2" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" id="Fact_85f043cbd8784a11ae02b2dbfd836f67" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet" id="Fact_07d2a9d42d1947f59b6c19f097fbc6f5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">924</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet" id="Fact_9fcb5df8355e4967aae63b7c9af94944" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,060</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet" id="Fact_6c27bb1efb8147f1b28e7f5d55e8bb95" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,393</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 34.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" id="Fact_964d4adaa4ab44fb8725d0af9c761080" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">382,322</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Investing Activities</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development spending</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additions to technology, property and equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" id="Fact_0ccdfe9432ea4346b52b9563c61be174" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">77,167</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" id="Fact_5fe7050976bd44c5b192fd1b64715286" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">114,225</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Businesses acquired in purchase transactions, net of cash acquired</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_878179ed48704ed5b1b54bef2dcf0fb8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">229,629</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_8028ada2e8e44cd6bc19034c5dacf176" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">190,415</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_1170692f38ca4d599413bfd4d5828c33" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_3490d8b82aec438fb9685f78088b8619" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,840</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_8cda2acd57344d9a842ba65c9dbb36d8" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,494</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" id="Fact_6ae0f4b8d2fb4bb1b9b8245e31b97780" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26,683</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 34.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" id="Fact_2090856b8b874238b96b695ebd0f850f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">346,670</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" id="Fact_a5633b59e8be4a7da4c71a7be91f09a7" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">301,502</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" id="Fact_bb233553fac446709149c466bedcbf9b" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">177,411</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Financing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Repayments of long-term debt</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Change in book overdrafts</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash dividends</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 25.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net (payments) proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" id="Fact_c860fc197642445d9d9e81ec285a76b4" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,751</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" id="Fact_035b3122353246559a80a629501a49cd" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29,201</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 34.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" id="Fact_f0c89b4ee4254ec782ba123239f43608" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">17,595</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" id="Fact_e75a0e49e0864c3aa368329315c79fe4" contextRef="c20170430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">58,516</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" id="Fact_c8fdde07e7494592902d1b8b13302658" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">109,499</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and cash equivalents</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" id="Fact_2bf56011a2554ae38ab740991fe16dc8" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">202,464</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" id="Fact_3121dd4a63f847bbb1d0b3061cc43c30" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">92,890</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" id="Fact_7ec11cc31138438f98b18b65cbfd2b6f" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">583</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.</div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>57</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF <a id="SHAREHOLDERSEQUITY"><!--Anchor--></a>SHAREHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dollars in thousands</div>
<div><br /></div>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Common Stock</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Class A</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Common Stock</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Class B</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Additional</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Paid-in</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Capital</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Retained</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Earnings</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Accumulated</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Other</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Comprehensive</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Treasury</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Stock</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shareholder&#8217;s</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Equity</div></td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2017</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_e55753224c0d4bef831a4c5ddc95eba2" contextRef="c20170430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">70,086</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation&#160;Plans</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" id="Fact_1b14ec238dd24355bf085aa83a93a41b" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Proceeds from Exercise of Stock Options and Other</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensation" id="Fact_ca829d4e9f89490e99ada51a5009b45d" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,244</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" id="Fact_0b6f53261cab4c1eab0b5908bc1aef09" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" id="Fact_8730f5b2425a410daa2d29378f2d096a" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" id="Fact_006d118ef0054463a4426baf937f51f9" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_3966dee6add649b9ac68d15f7a339ffa" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_ccecda35edc344af9449382c2aaebde7" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_814cbe48032245eb86985554691fb4d4" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_c553ee8dbc17416a927371c592ff434f" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">25</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_b5662c015abc4206aa3eccb2bc6a1290" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_a5aef8c19f374aeda5968ab33624716b" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_3577e18c2c4f42b8a85d760dec974c47" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_9ea4e772033e4963bea2cf70322eb6d9" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_9b28b3ddb6584ca1b13e7aa255d461cf" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_e0b47fce310447cfa20161daa49ea5be" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">192,186</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_6b9d11d23ace48259503b610870b60f6" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,707</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" id="Fact_01d511804bb94051bce4a5e20c2548d8" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_a852c23099d446209584d9af84c43ee9" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_e3898716b46c4976b7bafabfc297f8fe" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation Plans</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_b1754c3068824cdf9c1880de8f9ae741" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_b05c7f8d0330423aa57f3267f21e585a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_ce8ec07bde524551b65b5417290db476" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_954f5d113a7440a29c486f2b1bd2e8b4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_4eb702c697d44a18b2a22323e4c811df" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_942f7037d3e54957a1104ff3980bc6d2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,394</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_0a59804db3404666aaabdc8654282c11" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_1a924c6e3525437da9726a46df5dd4c1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStockCash" id="Fact_5ed7940c8791490d8366a4c4f397b1b6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,394</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Common Stock Class Conversions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_e8ac0b07573e42d8811ede3a7e1bd9c6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">39</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_98d8df9f04bc4cf9add0924233791fd7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_589b4cc4b7ce43d9a979f91178a9cd7a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_RetainedEarningsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_382894c6fdc94f388c05beea8f17976a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_f85ada2cfa2e46c39c264f14d4b2d5b3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_TreasuryStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOther" id="Fact_514de6e5a82d41009e475c15a4922ea6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>58</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and Subsidiaries</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</div>
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<div><a id="Note1"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:NatureOfOperations" id="Text_dbae0608d3784ad48f9cdb5ff2fcf365" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_3ebd04bf3f0e4912b4240cd710ede0b81">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 1 &#8211; Description of Business</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company, founded in 1807, was incorporated in the state of New York on January 15, 1904. Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all of our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are a global research and learning company. Through our <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</span> segment, we provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.&#160;The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</span> segment provides scientific, professional, and education books in print and digital formats, digital courseware, and&#160; test preparation services, to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers, as well as learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals&#160; The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Education Services </span>segment provides online program management services for higher education institutions and mthree training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses. We have operations primarily located in the United States (&#8220;U.S.&#8221;), United Kingdom (&#8220;U.K.&#8221;), Germany, Russia, Sri Lanka, Canada, Jordan, and France.</div>
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<div><a id="Note2"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationBasisOfPresentationBusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" id="Text_fb593201882240239ecf05b6b81913ae" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df31">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 2 &#8211; Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Basis of Presentation:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all of the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Reclassifications:</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended January 31, 2020, we identified an immaterial error within our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, including the results for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. Certain consideration received for services not yet performed, mainly for our annual subscription licensing revenue agreements, was presented as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, Net, rather than an increase to Contract Liabilities. The correction increases Accounts Receivable, Net and increases Contract Liabilities by approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" id="Fact_b816a18d318b4c8f9140ce0793f8126a" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsRestatementByRestatementPeriodAndAmountAxis_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_RestatementAxis_RestatementAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" id="Fact_e25f53ae216740608eb32f2751cd5c81" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsRestatementByRestatementPeriodAndAmountAxis_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_RestatementAxis_RestatementAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11.8</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. There was no impact on Revenue, Net, Operating Income, Net Income, Earnings Per Share, or Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Management has evaluated all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors and has concluded that the error is not material to the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for the previously reported periods. We have revised our accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position to correct this for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 and any related disclosures. This immaterial error did not impact the April 30, 2020 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The current policy for our subscription licensing agreements is to record accounts receivable when performance occurs and recognize contract liabilities once the invoice is due, or cash payment is received from the customer<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:UseOfEstimates" id="Text_601506937a334a4bbcdda4f825c6762b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_09c9f9e1625146829e79beff04a70cb01"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df314" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df315">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Use of Estimates:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans.&#160; We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>59</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_073e38ed1fe34e65a4694610d4566c12" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_cf02057980be4c2dac820c9efe0bb4751"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df319" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df320">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Book Overdrafts:</span></div>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_cf02057980be4c2dac820c9efe0bb4752"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df321" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df322">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, book overdrafts of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BankOverdrafts" id="Fact_820bd612c7e84efdb751a9114bf46ebc" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BankOverdrafts" id="Fact_f185e6c1df5840b3b966f2b2bb0b119b" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7.4</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> million, in each year respectively, were included in Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_1a1410d578b44e0dad0bae14459429d7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_c63637143f8b4bd993fa5662a623979d1"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df323" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df324">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Revenue Recognition:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#8217;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of our revenue recognition policy.</div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_9c7c52b355df4f66b4d059c4a15d9a0c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_0dd7976df6ea4bc0b4ea4e120f7a003e1"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df329" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df330">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Cash and Cash Equivalents:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:</span></div>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_922a05b728ec42f292bdce3983168bc82"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df335" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df336">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The estimated allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a review of the aging of the accounts receivable balances, historical write-off experience, credit evaluations of customers, and current market conditions. A change in the evaluation of a customer&#8217;s credit could affect the estimated allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts is shown as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and amounted to $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" id="Fact_44d10dcb154e4b7aa53f5ce4e56ec0a8" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18.3</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" id="Fact_4f7a7eef67ce48e093dea99c21c5d2a4" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">14.3</ix:nonFraction> million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_e0043bb9af214646896323dfb17b7fe5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_5d23204a5f4c4e8aaae70832056655411"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df337" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df338">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Sales Return Reserves:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns. Print book sales return reserves amounted to a net liability balance of $19.6 million and $18.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" id="Text_4cbdf63a65c44016af0925bb404488c8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_09d36858391d460294cbba80d3598f691"><ix:continuation id="Text_5d23204a5f4c4e8aaae70832056655414" continuedAt="Text_5d23204a5f4c4e8aaae70832056655415"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df341" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df342">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#8211; increase (decrease):</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb618d3d05363434f893c98e1fec72258" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Decrease in Accrued royalties</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" id="Fact_ef1c30fceb87404e903b1507648d71de" contextRef="c20190430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_RoyaltiesPayableMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,653</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Contract liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" id="Fact_cc216e5b6e374893b8c25a92b8dde95f" contextRef="c20200430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,769</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" id="Fact_6c65658cbb604015ae3fa3c54eb5359a" contextRef="c20190430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">25,934</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Print book sales return reserve net liability balance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" id="Fact_93c9890378d9445ba137a05042775bef" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19,642</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" id="Fact_65a782f32d6f49acaac6ccc9c94042d8" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,542</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df344" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df345">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>60</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
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<div><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df345" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df346">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:InventoryPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_54819af8b3104dfb8ca116098c25a0da" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_0566932941b54cfaa5d2ed1da74d2f521"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df346" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df347">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Inventories:</span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_0566932941b54cfaa5d2ed1da74d2f521" continuedAt="Text_0566932941b54cfaa5d2ed1da74d2f522"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df347" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df348">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_0566932941b54cfaa5d2ed1da74d2f522"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df348" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df349">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. U.S. book inventories aggregating $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LIFOInventoryAmount" id="Fact_d8e283e0cf9e48c38c7999b0eb95c0f5" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24.3</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LIFOInventoryAmount" id="Fact_4cfd3893c9b747acb6f297f2dfa43e6f" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21.0</ix:nonFraction> million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method.&#160;All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market.</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df349" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df350">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_ba45edfa3ca449779f76175fda1ab02a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_e633239d1ba2473a8860076d871a9cd91"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df350" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df351">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Product Development Assets:&#160;</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_e633239d1ba2473a8860076d871a9cd91" continuedAt="Text_e633239d1ba2473a8860076d871a9cd92"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df351" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df352">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_e633239d1ba2473a8860076d871a9cd92"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df352" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df353">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs. Costs associated with developing a book publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_47e1aed8a03d4010835c85660a1f5a0b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">1</ix:nonNumeric> to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_edd2c843a0064745adfe302a8f0e7b2a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric> years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2020, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_b3026b94d7714f0185497d519e8a095b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">6</ix:nonNumeric> years.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" id="Text_0868b47040f24e38a84d355b5457507b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_376b1b2156734edb8eb748cd87bebce01"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df354" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df355">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Royalty Advances:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_376b1b2156734edb8eb748cd87bebce01" continuedAt="Text_376b1b2156734edb8eb748cd87bebce02"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df355" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df356">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_376b1b2156734edb8eb748cd87bebce02"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df356" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df357">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty advances are capitalized and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df357" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df358">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_eafddef8c1b145e0ba0e0df13052a519" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_de497eb370f441089056ad9427fc1e111"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df358" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df359">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Shipping and Handling Costs:</span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_de497eb370f441089056ad9427fc1e111" continuedAt="Text_de497eb370f441089056ad9427fc1e112"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df359" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df360">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_de497eb370f441089056ad9427fc1e112"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df360" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df361">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" id="Fact_57b1f9894a7e43a3882a08f4b1bc31d3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28.8</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" id="Fact_f4aadd6a00ae4ad69f6a91d1fd1525b2" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32.7</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" id="Fact_2c8d5fd807be41a9bb42c0a127ad3f5d" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33.7</ix:nonFraction> million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df361" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df362">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock" id="Text_1807725cecdd4e14b9d9267c1db91b43" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_f5a867d8e17148438156fb1c4ae0fe6f1"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df362" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df363">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Advertising and Marketing Costs:</span></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_f5a867d8e17148438156fb1c4ae0fe6f1" continuedAt="Text_f5a867d8e17148438156fb1c4ae0fe6f2"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df363" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df364">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_f5a867d8e17148438156fb1c4ae0fe6f2" continuedAt="Text_f5a867d8e17148438156fb1c4ae0fe6f3"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df364" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df365">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. We incurred $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_0930f5ec11924a699ba3c7a13178021c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">103.1</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_5d042ce382ef4e818383564d6478f3a0" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">89.5</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_46dfe3fcd84b4a17b1da2e9420c5126c" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">68.3</ix:nonFraction> million in advertising and marketing costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, and these costs are included in Cost of Sales and Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_e92ddf108cb64f72b28cf57bc75f93e9" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_CostOfSalesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">65.8</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_36fe86be4b6c48818aa25c8a87254934" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_CostOfSalesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">53.7</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_ff8cca4dc59b46dca514ae7f9e52bba5" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_CostOfSalesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6">38.3</ix:nonFraction> million were included in Cost of Sales in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. This includes certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by our Education Services business to fulfill performance obligations from contracts with educational institutions.</div>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_f5a867d8e17148438156fb1c4ae0fe6f6"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df368" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df369">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_99e5561bf7aa45798b240ac49d7629e1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">37.3</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_61da2b4a9d514b1191bda681909967e2" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35.8</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense" id="Fact_d8581e1d42974e0eb5033b1b8c11b243" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30.0</ix:nonFraction> million were included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Technology, Property, and Equipment:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_ce260e97cfc44f93ba474e3c164a4498" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric> to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_ab67d4a47ded42cc9eefaba0c5e5208b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric> years, Computer Hardware &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_a7584babea27486ea1ecfcb2e26db945" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_ComputerEquipmentMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric> to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_94aaa4422f5749eebd8e6625cd5789ec" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_ComputerEquipmentMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric> years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements &#8211; the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_8b9c80105cf548f4b22870b1c62e1194" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">40</ix:nonNumeric> years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_061cdf4e95514b4cb490ed30b91c35e5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric> to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_b05b258055bd4d1fabdbc5eb22dabcd9" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric> years.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services and payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_4f8b62e837744ee29c7037b15e280d19" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric> to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_a7d0bf1db5634332998bb1e1a8b23c29" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric> years. Costs related to the investment in our Enterprise Resource Planning and related systems are amortized over an expected useful life of <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" id="Fact_36d6c130c7f44d65936b2dd23bf9f6fe" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric> years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>61</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationsPolicy" id="Text_7497706644334c81a9e8615ec2e73797" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_948b572364bd4207a073e060b59854e51"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df379" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df380">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed</span>:</div>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df381" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df382"><ix:continuation id="Text_948b572364bd4207a073e060b59854e52">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed required us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as projected revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.</span></div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsIndefiniteLivedPolicy" id="Text_8e36d973dc8a42cd8be499a3c78cf25f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_e398eb0929804e27b476f1b85be87d5d1"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df383" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df384">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.</div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy" id="Text_dade7b15bc104c2786697e775b14260a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_b65e49462cf1413593e8571c0a053efc1"><ix:continuation id="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df391" continuedAt="Text_9e8d9b8dfd1b4c9e9f61dfce9c2b6df392">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, brands and trademarks, developed technology and non-compete agreements and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity of the brands, trademarks, and content and publication rights and developed technology acquired combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2020, are amortized on a straight line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_1f09464a542b4092bbc4f1f14272e631" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">34</ix:nonNumeric> years, customer relationships &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_0c8c266048474a058e8b54fcbf545e34" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CustomerRelationshipsMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">16</ix:nonNumeric> years, brands and trademarks &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_10c9345eb69442ef91b3c670582f8c34" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_ccc71e9c85c54215bf950b086cb8d7ee" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TradeNamesMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">13</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric> years, developed technology &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_d3858dc1b1694252a44c3ba9d7b2fd92" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">7</ix:nonNumeric> years, and non-compete agreements &#8211; <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_2606fcb04eae4d299b3b2c408fff2d8b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_NoncompeteAgreementsMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric> years.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Assets with definite lives are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment.&#160;In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Derivative Financial Instruments:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160; Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Gains/Losses:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We maintain operations in many non-U.S. locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#8217; Equity.</span>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income as incurred.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Stock-Based Compensation:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards.&#160;As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. Judgment was also required in estimating the amount of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" id="Fact_d575a22069a5402f8ec43e16616ffc4c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three years</ix:nonNumeric> in advance. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income could be impacted.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Revenue from Contracts with Customers</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 which requires entities to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted ASU 2014-09, and all related amendments, which established ASC Topic 606 (the "new revenue standard"), effective as </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue are recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard was not material to our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2019; therefore, we have omitted the disclosure that summarizes the effect of the revenue recognition standard by line item on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is to release when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;. ASU 2017-12</span> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#8221;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#8221;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" id="Fact_2b0c9192a0d945df8630c602be03997b" contextRef="c20200430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201602Member_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">178</ix:nonFraction> million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_7c05831ea4134ceda990f6e223b8cce2" contextRef="c20200430_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_AccountingStandardsUpdate201602Member_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">142</ix:nonFraction> million on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#8217; Equity, Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221;, for further details on our operating leases.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted ASU 2017-04 during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&#160; See Note<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#8221; for further details on the impairment charges we recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2020.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reference Rate Reform</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, &#8220;Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.&#8221; This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting.&#160; This would apply to companies meeting certain criteria that have contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform.&#160; This standard is effective for us as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, &#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.&#8221;&#160;This ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740, &#8220;Income Taxes&#8221; and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application.&#160; The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, and early adoption is permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued.&#160;We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. This ASU may be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020 prospectively to all implementation costs that will be incurred on or after the date of adoption. The impact will be based on future implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, which we currently do not expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2018-13 will have an impact on our consolidated financial statements with the exception of new and expanded disclosures.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#8221;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#8221; in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#8221; in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#8221; and in February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)&#8212;Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)&#160; (SEC Update)&#8221;. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>65</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020. Based on financial instruments currently held by us, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will primarily impact our trade receivables, specifically our allowance for doubtful accounts. We haven&#8217;t completed our analysis, however, due to the historical, current and expected credit quality of our customers, we do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial results.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 3 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Disaggregation of Revenue</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_3ca56eaa4952441681836618d05abc7a" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">119,131</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_7be557cc98b44c40a88f89cf5b819dd0" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,800,069</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_0d7f462f13ed46e0841931bd1fffaa50" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,796,103</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Description of Revenue Generating Activities</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Part I, Item 1, &#8220;Business&#8221; for a description of our business and our reportable segments.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms Segment</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue by product type are Research Publishing and Research Platforms.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams:</div>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb6d48f271386474694bc1af41e7147b1">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Journal Subscriptions;</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zc5c0ac7b9c184d0793bfa361b63bff9e">
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other; and</div></td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z506d658eeb364172bfa618933f5fb900">
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Journal Subscriptions</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journal subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a </span>typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_38073e939c3049af8f2d588272665b9c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one-year</ix:nonNumeric> contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In journal subscriptions, there are generally <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfPerformanceObligations" id="Fact_52e2901b252943379b5a5826399680d9" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember" unitRef="U004" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">two</ix:nonFraction> performance obligations; a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content; and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content, which also includes online hosting of the content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>66</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price which is generally the contractually stated price and the revenue for new content is recognized over one year as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Within licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property.&#160; Due to the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights. The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide an APC at a discount to eligible users who are&#160; defined in the contract, in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is recorded as a contract liability and revenue is recognized over time.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2019, Wiley announced a new contractual arrangement in support of Open Access, a countrywide partnership agreement with Projekt DEAL, a representative of nearly </span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" id="Fact_606a72a9fba247c6b8101bf5431815fd" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U005" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">700</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> academic institutions in Germany. This transformative three-year agreement provides all Projekt DEAL institutions with access to read Wiley&#8217;s academic journals back to the year 1997, and researchers at Projekt DEAL institutions can publish articles open access in Wiley&#8217;s journals. The partnership will better support institutions and researchers in advancing open science, driving discovery, and developing and disseminating knowledge. </span>Projekt DEAL includes multiple performance obligations, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content, perpetual license for access to historical journal content and accepting articles to be hosted on our open access platform. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are compensated primarily through a fee per article published and a consolidated access fee.</span> The consideration for Projekt DEAL consists of fixed and variable consideration. We allocated the total consideration to the fixed and variable components based on stand-alone selling prices for each performance obligation.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Research Platforms</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period. The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_fac50ff2589544008e2a35f234b233d8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">2</ix:nonNumeric>-<ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_3eb42fdc6e774ac4a1e5a03b056fd9a1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric> years.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>67</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning revenue by product type are Education Publishing and Professional Learning.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Education Publishing</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education and STM Publishing;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Digital Courseware;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Publishing and STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) Publishing within Education Publishing and Professional Publishing within Professional Learning product type below</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our performance obligations as it relates to Education, STM and Professional Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased which are represented by an International Standard Book Number (&#8220;ISBN&#8217;s&#8221;), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation.&#160; Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price since Wiley sells the books separately.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As it relates to print and digital books within the Education, STM, and Professional Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Digital Courseware</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#8217;s purchased. Revenue is recognized when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Test Preparation and Certification</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_36789c774acc4c2d96f6ea9d0d8c6979" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three-year</ix:nonNumeric> agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as textbooks, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed; however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing and Other</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>68</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Professional Learning</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Learning generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Publishing, which is described above;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other, which is described above;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Assessment through our authorized distributor network includes multiple performance obligations. This includes a performance obligation that includes an annual membership which includes the right to purchase products and services, access to the platform, support and training.&#160; This performance obligation is recognized over time since we have an obligation to stand-ready for the customer&#8217;s use of the services.&#160; In addition, there are performance obligations for the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time when the assessment, product or service is provided or delivered.&#160; The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its observable standalone selling price.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessment customers&#8217; unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive an assessment and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#8220;breakage&#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer which is generally <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_ba27977ff0e041f4a05767e4b205fc72" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one year</ix:nonNumeric>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services revenue by product type are Education Services and mthree.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Services</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue is primarily derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_b6352ed153b74e53acfaeb99f6442e43" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">7</ix:nonNumeric>-<ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DurationOfContracts" id="Fact_9f6d67fe3b704a1bb285fe6d8464001b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric> years, with some having optional renewal periods. These optional renewal periods are not a material right and are not considered a separate performance obligation.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also when the variable consideration contingency is resolved.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">mthree</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">mthree includes a performance obligation for the services provided which is recognized over the period of time the services are provided to its customers.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>69</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" id="Text_321c2c70d53b4b9f883a6a8d2a9ee362" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_f20afc560a4c4299ad38cec4540382581"><ix:continuation id="Text_4daca92cbfbe455e968f2dbd2b233528120" continuedAt="Text_4daca92cbfbe455e968f2dbd2b233528121">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_f20afc560a4c4299ad38cec4540382584"><ix:continuation id="Text_4daca92cbfbe455e968f2dbd2b233528124" continuedAt="Text_4daca92cbfbe455e968f2dbd2b233528125">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9e78359d14854942a20386cd6ba7d25b">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we estimate that we recognized as revenue substantially all of the current contract liability at April 30, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The increase to contract liabilities in fiscal year 2020 was primarily driven by renewals of journal subscription agreements, as well as open access and comprehensive agreements, partially offset by revenue earned on journal subscriptions and open access and comprehensive agreements and the negative impact of foreign exchange.&#160; The acquisitions during the year ended April 30, 2020 did not have a material impact on the change in our contract liability balances during fiscal year 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" id="Fact_9a2f87ee511f4c6c9f121d55c1f9e1bf" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">535.2</ix:nonFraction> million, which included the sales return reserve of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_7428e9d5d24d4de8b9e846566b187b8a" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32.8</ix:nonFraction> million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" id="Fact_ff72350856b74373a7e5840dc27906b6" contextRef="c20200430_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0200501Member" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">487.5</ix:nonFraction> million will be recognized in the next <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" id="Fact_6904d6b011cb4b28adaa24cecd165e78" contextRef="c20200430_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0200501Member" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">twelve months</ix:nonNumeric> with the remaining $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" id="Fact_d8061ec2202e46bf827fa1bff66f5635" contextRef="c20200430_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_Two0210501Member" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">14.9</ix:nonFraction> million to be recognized thereafter.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These costs are amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Platforms and (2) Education Services.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" id="Fact_865edfa1c1a14cc58d6a8fadacbca974" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11.5</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" id="Fact_ed45a81d908949989d259945c3b93724" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8.9</ix:nonFraction> million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" id="Fact_ef59fe1f193d43c7ad17d3e923a09e1c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.2</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" id="Fact_dd71494cea804748ba589b599c76f413" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.6</ix:nonFraction> million during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_36727fdc606c45e7858ec6105f79f68a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28.8</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_3fa75a569b5044bbbf0465a694020076" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32.7</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" id="Fact_8103da7027334e4e92ed5f57ba8331d4" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33.7</ix:nonFraction> million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 respectively. </div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 4 &#8211; Acquisitions</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Fiscal Year 2020</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Pro forma financial information related to these acquisitions has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">mthree</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On January 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of </span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" id="Fact_6b6beb3d279d424597febfb67c515325" contextRef="c20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100</ix:nonFraction>%<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> of the outstanding stock of mthree. mthree is a rapidly growing education services provider that addresses the IT skills gap by finding, training and placing job-ready technology talent in roles with leading corporations worldwide. Its results of operations are included in our Education Services segment.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The preliminary fair value of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date was $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" id="Fact_e842d79278a943658bf2c2f1fc1b75b7" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">128.6</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million (&#163;</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" id="Fact_d0957966b16a4b10aa85410fc701cce4" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U006" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">97.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million) which included $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" id="Fact_fdf986295bfb473faa67eeb22e71c0f9" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">122.2</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" id="Fact_029239ece81c48dda0b1d9b6c5dfab3e" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.4</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date. We financed the payment of the cash consideration primarily through borrowings under our Amended and Restated RCA (as defined below in Note 14, &#8220;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#8221;) and using cash on hand. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred including those amounts paid after the acquisition date, net of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" id="Fact_7c3f74acaccb482c8b87a88bcc7d9180" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.2</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash acquired was approximately $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_eb22b4d678cc45bdb832effda7660b79" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">126.4</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At the time of the acquisition, Wiley entered into agreements with certain employees of mthree who will remain employees after the acquisition. Cash payments will be made based on reaching certain revenue and EBITDA targets in each year over a </span><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" id="Fact_fec3e62edd304463ad09f35a37fa90b6" contextRef="c20200101to20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">four-year</ix:nonNumeric><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> period. Such payments are subject to continuing employment and would therefore be considered compensation expense for services provided subsequent to the acquisition.&#160; Such expense would be recognized when it becomes probable that the targets will be achieved.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The mthree acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets has been recorded to Goodwill in our </span>Consolidated Statements of Financial Position <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">as of&#160;April 30, 2020. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date. </span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPurchasePriceAllocationGoodwillExpectedTaxDeductibleAmount" id="Fact_854f1e02b6464670987dcccc45c0b83d" contextRef="c20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">None</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. The acquisition related costs to acquire mthree were expensed when incurred and were approximately $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationAcquisitionRelatedCosts" id="Fact_59e99481bb5b4e8683384f74d62362cb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.3</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;million. Such costs were primarily allocated to the Education Services segment and are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income in the year ended April 30, 2020.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">mthree&#8217;s revenue and operating loss included in our Education Services segment results for the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> was $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_5f52e4c620db43e0ba3ee1200802329d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-2" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">17.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" id="Fact_f3a8e68bcbf24e41a1581988394c9509" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.7</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, respectively.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the preliminary consideration transferred to acquire mthree and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</span></div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxLiabilities" id="Fact_4ec3fe8f02e1423babef2844a0ad87d7" contextRef="c20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,722</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" id="Fact_a283f15e39ce4721850a003b3740b768" contextRef="c20200101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_MthreeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,692</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</span></div>
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<div><br /></div>
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  <tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is preliminary, and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report, leases and related commitments, tax related matters and contingencies and certain assets and liabilities, including receivables and payables, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Zyante Inc.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. (&#8220;zyBooks&#8221;), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. The results of operations of zyBooks is included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results. The fair value of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date was $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" id="Fact_b4ea00857e84441781525b8b68e88d08" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57.1</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million which included $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" id="Fact_77201a5482654ea191f891c7420b56ac" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">55.9</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" id="Fact_539a77551df54730b8f9285dbcd77604" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.2</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the three months ended January 31, 2020. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred including those amounts paid after the acquisition date, net of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" id="Fact_59d0c9c36c504727bbd4f8e2ff6725cc" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.8</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash acquired was approximately $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_aaf400eb6106433eb366d6a8686aa96d" contextRef="c20190701to20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">54.7</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The zyBooks acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets has been recorded to Goodwill in our C</span>onsolidated Statements of Financial Position <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">as of&#160;April 30, 2020. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. Goodwill has been allocated to the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment. </span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPurchasePriceAllocationGoodwillExpectedTaxDeductibleAmount" id="Fact_7a12397afaa341bdbe09167e1b82c849" contextRef="c20190701_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">None</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. zyBooks revenue included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results for the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> was $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_9cba8bf89e4d41bdaa4f32251a0fb682" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire zyBooks and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</span></div>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Assets&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>72</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock" id="Text_fcab0315cfb6440d9a2233a9d497ea73" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_ZyanteMember" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_2e75d12203424dce9c0a553a1c060b871"><ix:continuation id="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc540" continuedAt="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc541">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</span></div>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fair Value</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Useful Life</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in Years)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Developed Technology</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is final.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Other Acquisitions</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The preliminary fair value of cash consideration transferred during the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> for all other acquisitions</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> was approximately $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_ca4f4e2958c24eefbf1dcc212562ab19" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">48.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million. These other acquisitions were accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting as of their respective acquisition dates. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_05809895d1c141f78cf583dee3de812f" contextRef="c20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27.9</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million has been recorded to Goodwill in our </span>Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1" id="Fact_d4ddb7ebfa054c3eb6cc4fec36196f77" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27.7</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of intangible assets subject to amortization have been recorded, including customer relationships, developed technology and content that are being amortized over estimated weighted average useful lives of </span><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife" id="Fact_4e90bd169b7340dfb4a43a4b6c83092f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CustomerRelationshipsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">8</ix:nonNumeric><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife" id="Fact_062ca5d9f2ae48b6904c470500595735" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife" id="Fact_fedbdf1032c5453cb33ddb7323d680ff" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CourseContentMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. Goodwill of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_a82c46cb9afb4845b48df2f8b2000647" contextRef="c20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million has been allocated to the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment, and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_72a322c22fcd47e581120d2d472addbe" contextRef="c20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.4</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million has been allocated to the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment. The revenue for the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> related to these other acquisitions was approximately $9.7 million.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">On April 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.&#8217;s Informatics products including the company&#8217;s spectroscopy software and spectral databases (&#8220;Informatics&#8221;). The results of Informatics are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment results.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">On March 2, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Madgex Holdings Limited (&#8220;Madgex&#8221;), a market-leading provider of advanced job board software and career center services. The results of Madgex are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment results.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for Informatics and Madgex is preliminary, and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report, leases and related commitments, tax related matters and contingencies and certain assets and liabilities, including receivables and payables, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition dates.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of Knewton, Inc. (&#8220;Knewton&#8221;). Knewton is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology. The results of Knewton are included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results. The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for Knewton is final.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We also completed the acquisition of </span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" id="Fact_177aa60330c44915a1ad2f44c02c9c08" contextRef="c20190501to20190731_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U007" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">two</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> immaterial businesses, which are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment, </span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" id="Fact_a53f7896e21f49e28a28edcca1739975" contextRef="c20190801to20191031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U007" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">one</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> immaterial business included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results and </span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" id="Fact_278c504a47dd4ef584559a11a72340f9" contextRef="c20200201to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U007" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">one</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> immaterial business in our Education Services business.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Fiscal Year 2019</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The Learning House, Inc.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of </span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" id="Fact_f545793a06a348cf9786b22158762cc2" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100</ix:nonFraction>%<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> of the outstanding stock of The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) a diversified education services provider. The results of operations of Learning House are included in our Education Services segment.</span> Headquartered in Louisville, KY, Learning House provides online program management services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">;&#160;</span>professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients. The combination of Learning House and Wiley Education Services creates a leading provider of tech-enabled education services for colleges and universities.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The fair value of the consideration transferred was $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" id="Fact_d78f0333d1924cc0ad639f957454bbd7" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">201.3</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million which included $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" id="Fact_0d500be360a14453aaecc83531b52914" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">200.7</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable" id="Fact_e04f18fc306e4ca4b5e50c484e5d184b" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.6</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of warrants, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the three months ended April 30, 2019. We financed the payment of the cash consideration through borrowings under our RCA (as defined below in Note 14, &#8220;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#8221;).&#160;The warrants were classified as equity and allow the holder to purchase </span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" id="Fact_b4107068832040609b85589104b8f362" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">400,000</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" id="Fact_2ace96c5e6864d35ba316fe161fc6d6c" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">90.00</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, subject to adjustments. The term of the warrants is </span><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm" id="Fact_45061ed02c0348a4b7078a2cee8e7c10" contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three years</ix:nonNumeric><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, expiring on November 1, 2021. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The final fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition" id="Fact_377da0cbc41648b48174c6cab7ef03be" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10.3</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash acquired was $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired" id="Fact_2d79e91202604ccab3125df8a29b6684" contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">190.4</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. We recorded the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, all of which are included in the Education Services segment. None of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is final.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire Learning House and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.</span></div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc573" continuedAt="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc574">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock" id="Text_a9a99d30b26f4b9aa9f775a2a45953fa" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_6fc0e2e915794e9bb50f2a9b0ebc04af1"><ix:continuation id="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc574" continuedAt="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc575">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric></div>
<div><ix:continuation id="Text_6fc0e2e915794e9bb50f2a9b0ebc04af1"><ix:continuation id="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc575" continuedAt="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc576">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z456620a76f5b409ab37eca8784bd37d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Useful Life</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in Years)</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"><ix:continuation id="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc576" continuedAt="Text_f519a913586c46fbab81b13d8e701dc577">
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Learning House&#8217;s revenue and operating loss included in our Education Services segment results for the year ended April 30, 2019 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_665cb46d7ac541379de0ff0eb209531f" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">31.5</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" id="Fact_87505de1545d4834a3eaf42e3fa6c357" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8.0</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pro forma financial information related to this acquisition has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>74</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div><a id="Note5"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock" id="Text_17c3eccabfdb417caf1fd8eb10febab7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_146e4e807e05475db924e66ceb11e47c1">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 5 &#8211; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock" id="Text_d566f03ec0074dbbba578ee9b8bbacdd" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_2bae1c65d63c4837b0cfc0c109c233941"><ix:continuation id="Text_146e4e807e05475db924e66ceb11e47c2" continuedAt="Text_146e4e807e05475db924e66ceb11e47c3">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share for the years ended April 30 follows:</div>
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</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In calculating diluted net loss per common share for the year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive.&#160;This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_6f711c9221e04bf697e007576a5f5489" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">286,064</ix:nonFraction>, <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_309306f6c8cb4fc4809e4d309b83d60e" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">260,984</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_6f75e8b6e8f049adacbbbcc7a13b2e18" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">244,590</ix:nonFraction> shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_30e8062c40544ec6a66a990e68bedfa0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">519,524</ix:nonFraction>, <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_37f40ffeab7b4b968a24b17e4dcdba6d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">none</ix:nonFraction>, and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_44742f0d839e42c08418e575f12f9a9f" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26,740</ix:nonFraction> restricted shares excluded in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Warrants </span>to purchase <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_735815fb770848c4afaa9890a6fec9ae" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">523,529</ix:nonFraction> and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_298f3510e3234d8e8f5545d6cd9afc17" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">242,402</ix:nonFraction> shares of Class A Common Stock have been<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> excluded in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.</span> There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" id="Fact_6d208d04fbb047428836be02335b846f" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction> warrants issued during the year ended April 30, 2018.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note6"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" id="Text_17c02f3b192049e59e09b97462b80bdd" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_25df35622cec45479737089be8f881771">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 6 &#8211; Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" id="Text_9a1d265a058140cbaf14f9a6e90009ea" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_ec46426caae04c8d8b2f51d7d8768c671"><ix:continuation id="Text_25df35622cec45479737089be8f881772" continuedAt="Text_25df35622cec45479737089be8f881773">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:</div>
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<div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z676abf8e423b450a90bd1ff426ffd56a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Currency</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Retirement</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Costs</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2017</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_7d4bb3af1cb147ec907b311d72d9b939" contextRef="c20170430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">507,287</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_6c32facda0784962a56cf888c9601bac" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">64,399</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_5fe07eaf839a4b5abebc692888eb3e32" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,455</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_af7f301bc9644f0ea06d0ee0c9ecc6f5" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,308</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_061c282427bd42a58f00b02944ff9dff" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,639</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_e462c4b10fb340a8978989ca15763fd5" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">524</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_000ce3e2fc42491d944d4e0db132557a" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">592</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_de54d52c213d4edbad29f40097469f7a" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,707</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_1f2436f28256400aa6d00346809b7e22" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">251,573</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_90059d5fe31343fd9c0b0275bc753c53" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">191,026</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_8c7056f5fda541e5bdf4a7843c917976" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,019</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_6566e8b859374afc9c0dc72290055f13" contextRef="c20180430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">439,580</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_8fa19dd4ab0d4a39b19234a5acf9e5c1" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">60,534</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_0fd035df266e4c91a97f19893f4d8759" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,422</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_3f405707487d496e906f4190ccbb6828" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,121</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_5137974cd5d14db2a85b6b5ec3b40638" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">68,835</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_72cb646653a24e23a58d2071fe160bb8" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_e4f77733ce074764baa619c0b9782bdb" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,391</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_0d7389c067bb43c6a72f4d6b09f91c0d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,714</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_134d36907a464c328cd4b27db8d293d7" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">323</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_df9188d59392496da838fb4f5b2864fc" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">60,534</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_14fdc4ee80c54b87907221a46f6c1bdd" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,031</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_34db4ac642d14cc0a9add0d20f4d6845" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,593</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_1985525b214b45ef937658146050d6ad" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">69,158</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_16c21bec23a249f0af800f25e04b8840" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">312,107</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_16743499a82947ce8912765130b17bb3" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">196,057</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_2a0f485255cd4effaeb2d4455013fa8b" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">574</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_8a0214ee109d4850a4fdf6bdcc0aa850" contextRef="c20190430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">508,738</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_a95659ff10e249e6875b3660c68ef06b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,596</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_cd2dbbfae03045e188549131e1d5bc38" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,965</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_5927d2024728460e9929e8671923df9c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,988</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_9974ab7ad44f474a950397b00dd964f7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">71,549</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_c69b9176e5614f428bb8764c416fc941" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_4b6ef28e4dd848a3900f16d5911bfee8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,102</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_a0585291930f48fa86cb875e9eb3015e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">312</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent" id="Fact_63c2b0331e7b44b1aa55aadd530ef14c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,790</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_e78fb214a7fd40b799e2cbf6b767e598" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,596</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_6e5fc0a266004219bfc44003fcc2b681" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">31,863</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_c1afa63c0c9c4655b00f919d75ea0c96" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,300</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" id="Fact_a325f8cca0ac4b7a9df88635c7a64dc0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">66,759</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_7f916c049f64434b85f19808de5c3327" contextRef="c20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">340,703</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_6b7613cfbe6c46eb83d76f90811114fd" contextRef="c20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">227,920</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_bb134fe2225a41c7a71fe9f6eb5c3076" contextRef="c20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,874</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" id="Fact_d1721e521fe44ce29b7627fb62d44155" contextRef="c20200430_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">575,497</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_25df35622cec45479737089be8f881775" continuedAt="Text_25df35622cec45479737089be8f881776">
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</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_25df35622cec45479737089be8f881776">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_2c79b987625f4c65b75d4896ab3b5f97" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.4</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_361b37c5e7d14960948918ed29b9e398" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6">5.5</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_536f73c739ab4865a1ec4da0411c4db1" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5.9</ix:nonFraction> million respectively, were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension and post-retirement benefit expense primarily in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
</ix:continuation></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 7 &#8211; Restructuring and Related Charges</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Business Optimization Program</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year Business Optimization Program (the &#8220;Business Optimization Program&#8221;) to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Facility related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 primarily relate to reserves and costs associated with the cessation of certain offerings, and to a lesser extent, a pension settlement, and the impairment of certain software licenses.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_6b41b3a136a24f6094c2f49ff76fc8d0" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_9ab96513bcb64048b9f64abf36af859b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,802</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_f7c5a5d12df64e4c8c9c847c5e34a51e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_91216fa865e548ad84929535926b53a5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,372</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_d09155bd0d574ba28ca0084b9a832e0a" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">430</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_bd20beb557144913a968e34f9fb27d5d" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_3c20c81fbdf048549943843bb7ec542a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,666</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_20710e3e32b8456f949d0fdb67bc1f8b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,193</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_840aaa7c2a2041809a3c06bfeeab84a1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,411</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_d63c273e76e0437bb2d46c5eb22673e3" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,062</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb16" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb17">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_9dd45c0b00a84b6d9b80154afd920cb6" contextRef="c20200430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16.9</ix:nonFraction> million of the restructuring liability for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs and approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_2d13188b698a401f9d404c3478450afa" contextRef="c20200430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.7</ix:nonFraction> million is reflected in Other Long-Term Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, as of April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities that relates to severance and termination benefits is expected to be paid in the year ended April 30, 2022.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for other activities is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2013, we initiated a global program (the &#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting a majority of the expected cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>76</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges related to this program:</div>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_775430eff7914169af8ef01edb1ec409" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,456</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_713e0bed6a1448828ad68d628e818cfa" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27,213</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_eca74e874f4c4a1f95afdd21a746a364" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">116,009</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and contract termination costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_421ca8dc88e3423eaf5fb89b714da234" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">171</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_6cfff627c30d482b8d2602bd13e92b5a" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">526</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_056660be27e047e0aed834e913fc3ede" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,815</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_72d40ac6fa7c49ddb5a66b4c5480ed75" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_ContractTerminationMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20,984</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_7e3a190be59843c1952cf24d27d07fb7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">215</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_1f7431acc7a54e52a02a5afe0212616b" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,136</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_7ee95e8cf2f247559d01e405d789d8ce" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">462</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1" id="Fact_d93cf5f693f24162ba93968b95e53002" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">32,429</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" id="Fact_4a7409f9082c43f7aacd3cfaf56faa02" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">206</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z9fc8359daa804ccf955e5770f62027d5">
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    <td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 include facility related costs. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities for the year ended April 30, 2019 reflect lease impairment related costs. The credits in other activities for the year ended April 30, 2018 mainly reflect changes in estimates for previously accrued restructuring charges related to facility lease reserves.&#160;</span></div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_1caebd6926904787a838d32e5f1c24e6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_2680e6855ce445bb90fb2df54ec2ab81" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" id="Fact_002a9a70a9504cbe865d427200d5ae51" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,270</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_1f0915a25db34806afb7b0ed2f297a9d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_2ca5cc664e134f86b141d98da76d5990" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">230</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_db040135a82049cd910d8337d114b5ce" contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,734</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringCharges" id="Fact_71dacea4c01941669ec70536dd45d5fa" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">421</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring" id="Fact_821027d5e0ce48068711d87584ec627c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,370</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" id="Fact_7bb063d260594ffc8ed2be242194b99c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,270</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment" id="Fact_192d2127d5744c87813ae1072e4dea06" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">83</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestructuringReserve" id="Fact_8082e02563e345079b31a28bb274de71" contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,590</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_528eb917ea2341228375a082f04c001a3" continuedAt="Text_528eb917ea2341228375a082f04c001a4"><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb38" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb39">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb39" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb40"><ix:continuation id="Text_528eb917ea2341228375a082f04c001a4">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3ec15819974645aea767dad70191d59e">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 4.5pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_cacd193c4c03470a858e76a4625b22f6" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_4a03c297fc73414c98c52838ad2680dc1">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;</ix:footnote><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_4a03c297fc73414c98c52838ad2680dc1" continuedAt="Foot_4a03c297fc73414c98c52838ad2680dc2">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_4a03c297fc73414c98c52838ad2680dc2">,&#8221; and Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</ix:continuation></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb40" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb41">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb41" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb42">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb42" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb43">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb43" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb44">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for other activities are reflected in Other Long-Term Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities is expected to be paid in the year ended April 30, 2022.</span></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb44" continuedAt="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb45">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_7c3fd4b88a8a4a5094f13da6675ae5cb45">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.</div>
</ix:continuation></div>
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<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>77</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note8"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_676a1086f6da4dad8110677fc10f994d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08311">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 8 &#8211; Inventories</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" id="Text_3e976c1a3dd0470fb8a10ee6681b6282" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_761eb50180654433a57abbfcafa3a8cb1"><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08312" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08313">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_761eb50180654433a57abbfcafa3a8cb1" continuedAt="Text_761eb50180654433a57abbfcafa3a8cb2"><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08313" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08314">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_761eb50180654433a57abbfcafa3a8cb2"><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08314" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08315">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4b1264feaa57421697045d0648651e46" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Finished Goods</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods" id="Fact_a60dbc5d1c9249a581536de169f9ce51" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">36,014</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods" id="Fact_84fb0e824a43429093db7c189bdcf534" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">33,736</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" id="Fact_780df709e74049958c8bea2558d183d0" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,686</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" id="Fact_47c20f8bd69f40c59b6baf6705a0f993" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,739</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">LIFO Reserve</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve" id="Fact_6dfb27a55e6b4aacb1cb8ce5d0e96ea1" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,815</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve" id="Fact_a2ead1af2d90442bb421eea7b8f52077" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,360</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Inventories</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryNet" id="Fact_5f6688bc820e49dea5a1cec361cb2f27" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">43,614</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryNet" id="Fact_d2ebc7709dba4ed2aa835401b2ed5a5d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35,582</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08315" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08316">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08316" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08317">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards,&#8221; under the caption &#8220;Sales Return Reserves,&#8221; for a discussion of the Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08317" continuedAt="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08318">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_3b3a84b916d54896bb7600de550b08318">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market, which resulted in a reduction of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserves" id="Fact_24f039076cb24894867c4001fe46dd22" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16.1</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserves" id="Fact_e002a7d8b07948bab080c095c27d9c3d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15.8</ix:nonFraction> million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. </div>
</ix:continuation></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note9"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" id="Text_584adf93eece4acfacab982b597f9c0e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f1">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 9 &#8211; Product Development Assets</div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f1" continuedAt="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f2">
<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets consisted of the following at April 30:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_089e6026320c40c09f7d1a87343c10c31"><ix:continuation id="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f3" continuedAt="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f4">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z717c80abac1c45d0b76a258845768570" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Book Composition Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_fb09e189613f47b89898a56b11236bb3" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,744</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_c51bc4600913437db340f14e10928f14" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19,197</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Software Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_3ac43850d5cd40d2a61a1576c8cf125e" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,995</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_192bb87454394ca59ce1e0dc44f662d6" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">38,048</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content Development Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_0b8b8e6e78a54fa3a3e2d15025a1964b" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,904</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_da8a0982ebac4ae4b79e88eee5727bfe" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,225</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssets" id="Fact_e983e0dd435848efafe255c8aad419da" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">62,470</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f4" continuedAt="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f5">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f5" continuedAt="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f6">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets include $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" id="Fact_c3573d7936984b179e5a96e8b76d9fc2" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.9</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" id="Fact_4dc4c6fe88474dd0bd5010fba2dca40e" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.3</ix:nonFraction> million of work-in-process as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, mainly for book composition costs.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f6" continuedAt="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f7">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_0959edd38a584359992b21171feba16f7">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets are net of accumulated amortization of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedAmortizationOfOtherDeferredCosts" id="Fact_69ae2e36a3e24412b508197ac6f425a6" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">244.1</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedAmortizationOfOtherDeferredCosts" id="Fact_02e35c0abcd648f6911b973c1decd8fe" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">236.5</ix:nonFraction> million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. </div>
</ix:continuation></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note10"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_f58abebfad0a4530ac876f0dbda856d5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3681">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 10 &#8211; Technology, Property and Equipment</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" id="Text_e34f1897ca7f40a3be2ba816bd16ef75" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e941"><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3682" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3683">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e941" continuedAt="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e942"><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3683" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3684">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z36d6e7afe10445ed8c569bf9f2f50e97" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Capitalized Software</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_72e7efe01be34e93b44836c70ce2adf9" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">471,844</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_6f82b4be47d146b39fd71da1590ec15c" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">440,437</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Computer Hardware</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_308022ba25ee47e7992040713fbbd660" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_ComputerEquipmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">46,640</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_5df636ab1a8d426c8077a35d7b61d303" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_ComputerEquipmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">68,718</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Buildings and Leasehold Improvements</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_a2dd94faea3743afa8597dcbbb2e2af9" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">99,230</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_4af76d959af34b698e4764cfc3577291" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">118,685</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_b58171e876ef44ee9a2c412393dfcb17" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44,104</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_bb9e25923b654ec58de0e1bf9dc6e40f" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57,471</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Land and Land Improvements</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_635bd94d6bb74c608f1923e57a2479e0" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_LandAndLandImprovementsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,298</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_9a66271c3fe948aaa22651c43596b6c0" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_LandAndLandImprovementsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,390</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_3fca0f1267ad46b695ced7ad44fd6a31" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">665,116</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" id="Fact_4b8a026648d8472f8d35a7584f7091ba" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">688,701</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" id="Fact_9f5880d5b6064e5eb9c1825571a6008c" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">367,111</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" id="Fact_975b107b63e94697b5cd448843ada67b" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">399,680</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e942" continuedAt="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e943"><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3684" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3685">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e943" continuedAt="Text_3d90188175c74628bd6fc53aa5d37e944"><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3685" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3686">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property and equipment, net for the years ended April 30:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za29afbb1a4ea4d3090076055f254eb15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" id="Fact_d54d4ae3de104c619e065f33bd5b449f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">55,685</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" id="Fact_df1f160292864fb6b84e05d84c1da826" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50,095</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1" id="Fact_317e333c54894d4cb3067a40935da860" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">45,449</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization Expense, Excluding Capitalized Software</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" id="Fact_25d56c0561ec4d9eabcb558aed46dbc5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,031</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" id="Fact_0e86668322474f598ee1d109da9dcaae" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19,323</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" id="Fact_775752261ac548e788f419a6dda05e7c" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,878</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense for Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_b85a5197ed5147b2afe7592a25931851" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">76,716</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_7c8d39712c08417d9b860060b05f1b96" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">69,418</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Depreciation" id="Fact_f5132963b5e948c086199132cb947b61" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">64,327</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3687" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3688">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3688" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3689">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment includes $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" id="Fact_84a98f9e6126465a93392db5c15785b9" contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.9</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" id="Fact_934e50b98bf241e9bb06d0f53693400a" contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.3</ix:nonFraction> of work-in-process as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, mainly for capitalized software.</div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e3689" continuedAt="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e36810">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_d539db2f706e4ab39d118f18d469e36810">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The net book value of capitalized software costs was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" id="Fact_80a2b60c57934bdf9f509ecdd350c262" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">207.5</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet" id="Fact_fefe26936a8f4e40980b180561a9a35b" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">200.2</ix:nonFraction> million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>
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<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>78</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note11"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_ed23f36cb66844e3ab85ad381e1bf6df" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_9c3ed228ca9f4b09803594ffdd9740701">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 11 &#8211; Goodwill and Intangible Assets</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Goodwill</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" id="Text_c2116aa8b1f141029bf6ba1041fd0487" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_4faf974321e749309629b857cc10cc8b1"><ix:continuation id="Text_9c3ed228ca9f4b09803594ffdd9740704" continuedAt="Text_9c3ed228ca9f4b09803594ffdd9740705">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z008d721d430c4e30bf745512fc623dea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Acquisitions <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_e75dc65adde6420491ac6324af340aa6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">110,000</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_94bf1c60fb6c46d3bb83dd563828b586" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,002</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_a9f79bc8ab2a46eebab2cc17aabe2a67" contextRef="c20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">167,569</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" id="Fact_e2846196f476413cac27c1de9ea3d239" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">147,327</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_36108b5a855944b1a5ec07e82164e984" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">110,000</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_a2069e8a874042d9a4138bfed0b67fa4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,203</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" id="Fact_8d1571f77244407d89453b1da0cef062" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,116,790</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z2e95e63b06f646ff8628051e5eeb544e">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_f1d52384bb964d87aeb8427023d4a225" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.</ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Change in Segment Reporting Structure</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. Due to this reorganization, we have reallocated goodwill as of April 30, 2019 to our reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We tested goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the reorganization, and we concluded that the fair values of the reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Annual Goodwill Impairment Test as of February 1, 2020</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of February 1, 2020, we completed our annual goodwill impairment test for our reporting units. We concluded that the fair values of our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During our annual goodwill impairment test initiated on February 1, 2020 we identified indicators that the goodwill of the Education Services business was impaired due to underperformance as compared with our acquisition case projections for revenue growth and operating cash flow. Subsequently, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we determined that our updated revenue and operating cash flow projections would be further impacted by anticipated near-term headwinds due to COVID-19, including adverse impacts on new student starts and student re-enrollment. Therefore, we updated the impairment test as of March 31, 2020 to reflect this change in circumstances. As a result, <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">we concluded that the carrying value was above the fair value which resulted in a pre-tax non-cash goodwill impairment of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GoodwillImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_29c69f3af1db45fea577aa9ae86c83e0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">110.0</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Prior to performing the goodwill impairment test for Education Services, <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">we also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the reporting unit. When indicators of impairment are present, we test definite lived and long-lived assets for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of an asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. We considered the lower than expected revenue and forecasted </span>operating cash flows <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">over a sustained period of time, and downward revisions to our cash flow forecasts for this reporting unit to be indicators of impairment for their long-lived assets. Based on the results of the recoverability test, we determined that the undiscounted cash flows of the asset group of the Education Services reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. Therefore, there was no impairment.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We estimated the fair value of these reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived from an income and a market approach. Under the income approach, we determined the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on our best estimates of forecasted&#160; economic and market conditions over the period including growth rates, expected changes in operating cash flows and cash expenditures. The discount rate used is based on a weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the characteristics of the business and the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of current and forward 12-month revenue or EBITDA, as applicable, derived from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>79</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As noted above, the fair value determined as part of the annual goodwill impairment test completed in the fourth quarter of 2020 exceeded the carrying value for the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units.&#160;Therefore, there was no impairment of goodwill.&#160; However, if the fair value of the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units decrease in future periods, we could potentially have an impairment.&#160; For the Education Services reporting unit there was an impairment.&#160; If the Education Services reporting unit fair value decreases further in future periods, we could potentially have an additional impairment. The future occurrence of a potential indicator of impairment, such as a decrease in expected net earnings, changes in assumptions, including the impact of COVID-19, adverse equity market conditions, a decline in current market multiples, a decline in our common stock price, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climates, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, strategic decisions made in response to economic or competitive conditions, or a more-likely-than-not expectation that a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or disposed of, could require an interim assessment for some or all of the reporting units before the next required annual assessment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Intangible Assets</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:</div>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" id="Fact_1765e367a86b418ba39282cab096bf3e" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,248,291</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" id="Fact_dcec9ce6d70a468f8d387fda18357b48" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">559,381</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_d298b6ce93634984b496e76ffddea8c6" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,841</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_7af36d49f719476d84cfc01426f7bbd9" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">686,069</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" id="Fact_f56dfb29859848048797f9f3232cabdc" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,152,088</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" id="Fact_beae764134294e4bb7c6c9b5b4f4cf16" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">503,648</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_fa4ba40682614d2a9f758bcf6e64db14" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" id="Fact_4b91193be78b4345b5449ba79df57e27" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">648,440</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brands and Trademarks</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_4d95dc4452ce44d698a017f76a82e874" contextRef="c20200430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">130,107</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Publishing Rights</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_8a497fb418104a90b64c4797752882ad" contextRef="c20200430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">84,336</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_98d4d1e6819f47939f96a3a5824fe50b" contextRef="c20200430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_f9588c30076343579e8fa9dcb92f7155" contextRef="c20200430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">84,336</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_399549067f3b4c58a6bc54037246017c" contextRef="c20190430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">86,223</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_5bf528630e1641eda50446ca33d2a275" contextRef="c20190430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_5512d7f473b849699f5f328b9641fb46" contextRef="c20190430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">86,223</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_48cf179204444b208b278d2e9105b1f2" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">214,443</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_2a540cdc0cd8472c8b029e1e597a44a7" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">93,107</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_27146a3bc87f4082aed24db1d69aec27" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">121,336</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_e6f1830b48e9419588b1e190c4decd41" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">220,732</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" id="Fact_a244afda841f4d279961d751a306557e" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,600</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" id="Fact_ca20bc68ee294831a4f317a4e86ee2cb" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">217,132</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Intangible Assets, Net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_29760ac154804fd4a2b09c254342688f" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,462,734</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z68ccecd8ba91498cb69a997c3da1790a">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_889505fa932d4fd8a9c8870836836ebe" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in 2020 and 2019.</ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4037d32bcbb34222a954f85c02c6ee94" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" id="Fact_ef676987b483432b8182755b00427672" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">59,748</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" id="Fact_e9fd7a4913114c5db0ff776e7a58b8fe" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50,554</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2025</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" id="Fact_8085e30473494143927d52625a693c31" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">46,364</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive" id="Fact_8da7f179b8a742bfb7c9ae4f326db80b" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">410,037</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>80</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Fiscal Year 2020 Impairment</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Annual Indefinite Lived Intangibles Impairment Test as of February 1, 2020</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We also review our indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, which consists of brands and trademarks and certain acquired publishing rights. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed our annual impairment test related to the indefinite lived intangible assets.&#160;We concluded that the fair values of these indefinite-lived intangible assets were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment, except for the Blackwell indefinite-lived trademark.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_fed0d0fc7f6542e3842cac3c592ae5f4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_BrandsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">89.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million for our Blackwell trademark, which was acquired in 2007 and carried as an indefinite-lived intangible asset primarily related to our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment. </span>The impairment reflects our decision to simplify Wiley&#8217;s brand portfolio<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and unify our research journal content under one Wiley brand, which will sharply limit the use of the Blackwell trade name.&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This impairment resulted in writing off substantially all of the carrying value of the intangible trademark asset. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The resulting non-cash impairment charge is entirely unrelated to COVID-19 or the expected future financial performance of the </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets with Definite Lives</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As a result of our decision to discontinue the use of certain technology offerings within the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_0d243364f57f41c59bafca484bf1b427" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.8</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million related to a certain developed technology intangible. This charge was included in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets on</span> the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Fiscal Year 2018 Impairment</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In conjunction with a business review performed in the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment associated with the restructuring activities in the first quarter of the year ended April 30, 2018 we identified an indefinite-lived brand with forecasted cash flows that did not exceed its carrying value. As a result, a pre-tax impairment charge of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill" id="Fact_c7b37b94e64c4f09b5c10f7229065ec9" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_BrandsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.6</ix:nonFraction> million was recorded in the first quarter of the year ended April 30, 2018 to reduce the carrying value of the brand to its fair value of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure" id="Fact_d8e21870b64046cc92c447de5621d2fb" contextRef="c20180731_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_BrandsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.2</ix:nonFraction> million, which will now be amortized over an estimated useful life of <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" id="Fact_8505d62327444724919d2e907609c1a5" contextRef="c20180501to20180731_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_BrandsMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">5</ix:nonNumeric> years. This impairment charge was included in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div><a id="Note12"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" id="Text_40c626ab22524e7a9c4577db4690f2a7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_58f5e35ffef342679a2a2471b0fc1c011">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 12 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Operating Leases</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 2, &#8220;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</span>.&#8221;</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the new leasing standard, leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. Furthermore, some of our lease payments are based on index rates with minimum annual increases. These represent fixed payments and are captured in the future minimum lease payments calculation.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>81</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3279ad1650a44786a80ed45c5ed77f79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, we added $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset" id="Fact_c7a696ca2c0e41bfaa683f57b0f31ab0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22.9</ix:nonFraction> million to the ROU assets and $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability" id="Fact_8d7eabab7a694ba4b66c5ae4a3a1cbb6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24.4</ix:nonFraction> million to the operating lease liabilities due to new leases as well as modifications and remeasurements to our existing operating leases.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total net lease costs are as follows:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z994d0cd494544ca58174abb02e0357c4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Variable lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" id="Fact_a4d40fdd658c46edb7acc98ff9c79999" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">86</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sublease income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total net lease cost</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other supplemental information includes the following:</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020:</div>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thereafter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" id="Fact_a095c3dcccf24afaa448a6b090709201" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">113,848</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" id="Fact_a43b5a71b679424d8a219f633204bb1c" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">243,367</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Imputed interest</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" id="Fact_126638f31bdb4b84bfaf72b0a225facb" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">61,775</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" id="Fact_ab184a21625e4650b3e61f3b2d3a8d0e" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">181,592</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Current portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" id="Fact_ffc61c923d454bcea788524e9235eaf4" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,810</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" id="Fact_55e9ea65ac0c4127a5e1b672001087ef" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">159,782</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>82</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Prior to the Adoption of ASC Topic 842</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfRentExpenseTableTextBlock" id="Text_14ab89bdacbb41a0bfcf40d2a300ea68" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_82f1d5c56ccc4a7695b517dea920e9a41"><ix:continuation id="Text_58f5e35ffef342679a2a2471b0fc1c0133" continuedAt="Text_58f5e35ffef342679a2a2471b0fc1c0134">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following schedule shows the composition of net rent expense for operating leases:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfbfdfca1e51744ea969db0685a4b929a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Minimum Rental</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals" id="Fact_521ef02733c2481a814cac93e2ef1c10" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29,066</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals" id="Fact_33b1d4261e8f4128ae29a66d834eb6ff" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">31,451</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Sublease Rentals</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" id="Fact_f7221b8dae4b41958ff41477d8f4bbcc" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">719</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" id="Fact_06cf8d4d2adf496680295d2e8235f3e1" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">708</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" id="Fact_a5599ddcc17149d1922601d78a44bfc5" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,347</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" id="Fact_ffd9527b32034451a3646dc609b3de8d" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30,743</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rent expense associated with operating leases that include scheduled rent increases and tenant incentives, such as rent holidays or leasehold improvement allowances, were recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note13"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_71fc02592ac84b62b277138c99ab0ad1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da1">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 13 &#8211; Income Taxes</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The provisions for income taxes for the years ended April 30 were as follows:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za09d42fec4234af19928b1de68519bd4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State and Local</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_e8cc7c25e692498cabec19bc9f2bb52b" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,536</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_27eafd520ebe44b3910a62df0b3aa391" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">961</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Current Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_5707ed63e7094b45ab7b362d66e3fe87" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44,857</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred (Benefit) Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. &#8211; Federal</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_a03df23f574445c49435911bb8658209" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7,630</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_bbf17b7662cc40aab5c2ce5e60d14e9b" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,420</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State and Local</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_c0445139f89944dbbfb829080cbf499f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,118</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_e7b0e2b5fad44cb2b4397404a9716bf1" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,454</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_8d92ff8f7890406fa014c31a120ca4e0" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">530</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred (Benefit) Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_43f070ce6ae34e8eba027a5eb99fa2c4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27,616</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_a82309fca1e54290a53453884e9b7143" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,749</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_852fbc0dbff948048501230a89435571" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">23,112</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_3f870b6db0a6430e89bcb0a75a12cc34" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,195</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_71bcd0409e2849b7adea243cf2cd5de8" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44,689</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_0d866cca66164b5d8557246c4e166fe8" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,745</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock" id="Text_f08e9bfb3a6e49a3b7338a498a3814c1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_43c0bafb89364ec4bf60ad8268a9719b1"><ix:continuation id="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da6" continuedAt="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da7">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International and United States pretax (loss) income for the years ended April 30 were as follows:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_43c0bafb89364ec4bf60ad8268a9719b1" continuedAt="Text_43c0bafb89364ec4bf60ad8268a9719b2"><ix:continuation id="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da7" continuedAt="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da8">
<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z029c4cdc1da64589bcde7d53a3273399" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" id="Fact_e61021d0f962407596815d30e437b892" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">104,185</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" id="Fact_fc923af576a84a728472be2292d01f7c" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">204,326</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" id="Fact_9556cc1a203f4b6e89d1ad2c69de6bff" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">219,178</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic" id="Fact_8fcc5c60e8d34bf2a8cce1c91f2337a4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">167,277</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic" id="Fact_ac28a033aa2843c1a8caf3c1494de471" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,626</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic" id="Fact_673582957760479f9ad4ab1f6e73b371" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,247</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" id="Fact_43f9cae86db24e9ea31c316596d4c88c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">63,092</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" id="Fact_6c38c310ef4d4bbc91c4057e38704223" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">212,952</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" id="Fact_b119dcf4d58d47bb9c0098eee5eb1a5d" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">213,931</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da9" continuedAt="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da10">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" id="Text_c2806488f56547bb8d81258c74a51d3f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_5d5567a37ea54fffbc8f9d18a83a4a911"><ix:continuation id="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da10" continuedAt="Text_e7aa14d6019147f3bc2a9512341699da11">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate as shown below:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbed9f83bfb324fffaad40ea98a3123ff" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost (Benefit) of Higher (Lower) Taxes on Non-U.S. Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State Income Taxes, net of U.S. Federal Tax Benefit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" id="Fact_59f5b4fcbb5b4e4a8e1fd532da6c551e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.3</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" id="Fact_870acf9635a242ca9c0d9be343caca2a" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.4</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Tax (Benefit) from U.S. Tax Act</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage" id="Fact_f612cb3865d5408ab2618b1d1fd226cf" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage" id="Fact_a4b12de026194187bd7f324011acb57d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage" id="Fact_6bc1011627f54f29baf884bc15073405" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" sign="-" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11.7</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tax Credits and Related Benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits" id="Fact_f9aa48eebc984fb39ba2280f68087914" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits" id="Fact_31ef758a0ebe414b86eef098e3bdcbd7" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits" id="Fact_c8e386d9439f4f0da02f56b9d164a7bf" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.7</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill and intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseImpairmentLosses" id="Fact_95f4d8b2c86b47f4bca2558adbfa4a02" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" sign="-" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">42.3</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseImpairmentLosses" id="Fact_65d40df0fff340febbcfe10714e844e7" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseImpairmentLosses" id="Fact_778df934410d4a2abbeed24f58cb93ea" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationOtherReconcilingItemsPercent" id="Fact_6efdc70d0edf4c789b370269c310714b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" sign="-" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.4</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" id="Fact_5f8037fdb3b64085ada569468bfc89f6" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10.2</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our loss for the year ended April 30, 2020, was due to<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> the impairment of goodwill and intangibles for which we received a relatively small tax benefit, resulting in an overall negative effective income tax rate of </span>(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" id="Fact_8423a44ac14b498eafa4397daada4a2b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" sign="-" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">17.7</ix:nonFraction>)%<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. Excluding the tax cost from such impairment, our effective income tax rate benefit was </span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" id="Fact_d33ea9362a4b47a4abc912f99ee1a6c1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24.6</ix:nonFraction>%<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. Our income was earned outside the U.S. in jurisdictions with different statutory income tax rates than our U.S. statutory rate, at an average effective rate that is less than our combined U.S. Federal and State tax rate.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the year ended April 30, 2020 was less than the year ended April 30, 2019 due to the impairment charges with respect to which we obtained a relatively small tax benefit. Excluding the effect of the impairment charges the tax benefit rate was <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" id="Fact_9282c403cfc942f5a8fabca50b7beac0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24.6</ix:nonFraction>% for the year ended April 30, 2020, compared to a <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" id="Fact_6903530e1b0f48f8968fb8ff2de81e20" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21.0</ix:nonFraction>% expense for the year ended April 30, 2019, primarily due to lower taxes on income outside the U.S. as well as increased tax credits and related benefits.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>83</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Other:</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span>For the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, we recorded a tax benefit of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:TaxExpenseBenefitRelatedToExpirationOfStatuteOfLimitationsAndFavorableResolutionsOfTaxMattersWithTaxAuthorities" id="Fact_79769de54e844443a14683814d56c1a1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.4</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:TaxExpenseBenefitRelatedToExpirationOfStatuteOfLimitationsAndFavorableResolutionsOfTaxMattersWithTaxAuthorities" id="Fact_5528ee50e3394cf383ddfc801d9dee6d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.3</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, respectively related to the expiration of the statute of limitations or favorable resolutions of federal, state, and foreign tax matters with tax authorities.&#160;</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The CARES Act</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On March 27, 2020, the U.S. government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the &#8220;CARES Act&#8221;). The CARES Act includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferral of the employer portion of certain payroll taxes, net operating loss carrybacks, modifications to net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on our income tax expense for the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The Tax Act</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation (&#8220;Tax Act&#8221;). The Tax Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax system. We recorded a significant nonrecurring benefit from the Tax Act during the year ended April 30, 2018.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes:</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits were $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate" id="Fact_1f0df88f7d5b407eb2cdbcd0b34cc1b8" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.2</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate" id="Fact_d87756d37ad841dca56d4f3ccc6a0bad" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7.7</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively, of which $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncomeTaxPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued" id="Fact_343fd9ddab2c422896915fc470d7fe04" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.6</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncomeTaxPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued" id="Fact_d6ef6535f6fe49feac2b377368ee3090" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.7</ix:nonFraction> million represented accruals for interest and penalties recorded as additional tax expense in accordance with our accounting policy. Within the income tax provision for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded net interest expense on reserves for unrecognized and recognized tax benefits of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsInterestOnIncomeTaxesExpense" id="Fact_f622f23758554c1092127deed0f67de4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.2</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsInterestOnIncomeTaxesExpense" id="Fact_9011bb99c00b48daadede01a882761f9" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.3</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively. As of April 30, 2020, and April 30, 2019, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that would reduce our income tax provision, if recognized, were approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate" id="Fact_dddfddecfdd640939cce5249bed9f260" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.2</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate" id="Fact_51ef22e1ab224239af48e3ee280c8da7" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">7.7</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively. We do not expect any significant changes to the unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other Long-Term Liabilities line item on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position follows:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zede6ece0a1b84b108ad1c581229f7371" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations" id="Fact_dda3c028d55a436a93eb5073bf2d551c" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">305</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Tax Audits:</span></div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We file income tax returns in the U.S. and various states and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions. Our major taxing jurisdictions are the United States, United Kingdom and Germany. Except for one immaterial item, we are no longer subject to income tax examinations for years prior to fiscal year 2014 in the major jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax. We received tax audit notices for our German entities for the audit period fiscal years 2014-2017. The audit process has been delayed due to COVID-19.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our last completed U.S. federal tax audit of our fiscal years 2011 through 2013 resulted in minimal adjustments related to temporary differences.</span></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>84</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Deferred Taxes:</span></div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred taxes result from temporary differences in the recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We believe that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at April 30 were as follows:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1774001a905a4ee2837f70c9ad2f0b80" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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  </tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities" id="Fact_91280117255841a48c29728e372177b7" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6,262</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retirement and Post-Employment Benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits" id="Fact_585548015b764512944cabc21d1d99bb" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">37,927</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits" id="Fact_b3e8a5260d31468c9ebce3df317f713d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">40,653</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Gross Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross" id="Fact_9db99fc11cbb4a319b95a5b61cd6c8b4" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">121,959</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGross" id="Fact_12037212e8284cd7ac1bfa7e6884e671" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">116,258</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less Valuation Allowance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" id="Fact_571f5d6b35044a4c8da911d696baabc3" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">23,287</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" id="Fact_51efab36b75e45f6b398fdffe5407aec" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,179</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsNet" id="Fact_83c589768283487fbeb9f6fcbaeb7136" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">98,672</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsNet" id="Fact_65df27f868dc4829b8f6221759e94a53" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">95,079</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPrepaidExpenses" id="Fact_1b070ddadce644e58ec93fbd65697d29" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,142</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPrepaidExpenses" id="Fact_7d43c110c331492daf896fcd390ff6af" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">744</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUndistributedForeignEarnings" id="Fact_19546d6d4ddc4940a8905103eb9f7054" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,985</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUndistributedForeignEarnings" id="Fact_5ca8f668c03d4c8fa580bb789b8c251a" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,985</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible and Fixed Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" id="Fact_4327925ea37243af897059913a12fc1d" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">143,775</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The decrease in net deferred tax liabilities is due to the non-cash impairment charge of our Blackwell trademark.&#160;This was partially offset by deferred tax liabilities relating to non-goodwill intangibles acquired in our various acquisitions as well as the amortization of our deferred tax liabilities related to non-goodwill intangibles, primarily from prior acquisitions.&#160;Our increase in deferred tax assets is primarily attributable to an increase in our accrued expenses and net operating losses, partially offset by a decrease in our foreign and federal credits. We have concluded that after valuation allowances, it is more likely than not that we will realize substantially all of the net deferred tax assets at April 30, 2020. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we take into account related deferred tax liabilities and estimated future reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable earnings and tax planning strategies to determine which deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized in the future. Changes to tax laws, statutory tax rates and future taxable earnings can have an impact on our valuation allowances.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" id="Fact_907dcff076ce40f99f1c73d823d9653e" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">23.3</ix:nonFraction> million valuation allowance has been provided based primarily on the uncertainty of utilizing the tax benefits related to our deferred tax assets for foreign tax credits and state credits and net operating loss carry losses. As of April 30, 2020, we have apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards totaling $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwards" id="Fact_1bc2ba15a2a44cce8a656a7bb6b1e25e" contextRef="c20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">102.0</ix:nonFraction> million, with a tax effected value of $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect" id="Fact_5bc92942223449528d5f9b39e233ecd7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.0</ix:nonFraction> million net of federal benefits, expiring in various amounts over <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" id="Fact_68793fa0272e42b48da0f5cb26acb29f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">1</ix:nonNumeric> to <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" id="Fact_fb15c01aa561492f9abdd6021946ba2f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">20</ix:nonNumeric> years. Our tax credits expire in various amounts over <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" id="Fact_ad2c085383c7420196d8ab0e42905443" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">6</ix:nonNumeric>-<ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" id="Fact_ee4ee788801c4cd78a8c78d73bd58557" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">20</ix:nonNumeric> years.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since April 30, 2018, we no longer intend to permanently reinvest earnings outside the U.S. We have a $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TaxCutsAndJobsActOf2017TransitionTaxForAccumulatedForeignEarningsLiability" id="Fact_68588eb262dd47679d449d3ad084676e" contextRef="c20200430_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_ForeignCountryMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.0</ix:nonFraction> million liability related to the estimated taxes that would be incurred upon repatriating certain non-U.S. earnings.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 14 &#8211; Debt and Available Credit Facilities</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Amended and Restated RCA</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#8220;Amended and Restated RCA&#8221;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_4342365826e74ff1849b6f2c57eddca9" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five year</ix:nonNumeric> revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_ce61aa4b2ca641a79063d7d91499893a" contextRef="c20190530_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-7" scale="9" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.25</ix:nonFraction> billion, and (ii) a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_9258a87a56754640ab4b48e6275d3b2a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five year</ix:nonNumeric> term loan A facility consisting of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" id="Fact_b642cebb540f4ed5bfde13677235b78a" contextRef="c20190530_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">250</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of the Amended and Restated RCA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates:&#160;(i) at a rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (&#8220;LIBOR&#8221;) plus an applicable margin ranging from <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_094a354d5b1249caaeaad6442f6d4e4c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.98</ix:nonFraction>% to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_5e33e065d3b94e5ab1f40e3a88cf7f08" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.50</ix:nonFraction>%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender&#8217;s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_550447421f0b4b2e98fea97a2690a631" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember_VariableRateAxis_BaseRateMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">zero</ix:nonFraction> to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" id="Fact_9e5028e435d14321b07aac577ad6468d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember_VariableRateAxis_BaseRateMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.50</ix:nonFraction>%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;The lender&#8217;s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the U.S. federal funds effective rate plus a <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" id="Fact_bd5253656a5d4d148bde49121fb33099" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_VariableRateAxis_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.50</ix:nonFraction>% margin, (ii) the Eurocurrency rate, as defined, plus a <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" id="Fact_af7bb8aed4bb4fb9bdf33f76bf69074f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_VariableRateAxis_EurodollarMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.00</ix:nonFraction>% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the revolving credit facility ranging from <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" id="Fact_70da81fa6ab348929063c4f9b3b46f22" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.15</ix:nonFraction>% to <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" id="Fact_69b73a9def6e40aebf3b4655d6559ea7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.25</ix:nonFraction>% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" id="Fact_1e2810b931f64219ab471a7addecd7c5" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">500</ix:nonFraction> million, in minimum increments of $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" id="Fact_679468afd1664456bf0c8f6c6867f431" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_SyndicateBankGroupMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction> million, subject to the approval of the lenders.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amended and Restated RCA</span> contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we incurred an immaterial loss on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the refinancing of our RCA (as defined below) which is reflected in Interest and Other Income on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we incurred $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsGross" id="Fact_ca0b3affcee04c91a09f5f73b7a0f1f8" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.0</ix:nonFraction> million of costs related to the Amended and Restated RCA which resulted in total costs capitalized of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsGross" id="Fact_45883430fa404c82b18a7966f6abc2fa" contextRef="c20200430_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5.2</ix:nonFraction> million. The amount related to the term loan A facility was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsGross" id="Fact_a54bb52db975402981728d5c96382aa5" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.9</ix:nonFraction> million, consisting of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentFeeAmount" id="Fact_fbc92ab6c3834636afddea124496008f" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.8</ix:nonFraction> million of lender fees and recorded as a reduction to Long-Term Debt and $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" id="Fact_a0b59cf3f9a746c99d97cfb6d4f438d0" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.1</ix:nonFraction> million of non-lender fees included in Other Non-Current Assets. The amount related to the <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm" id="Fact_dc24efa4af2d499b860e9a7e83a2c2ef" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">five-year</ix:nonNumeric> revolving credit facility was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsGross" id="Fact_9048a71966e94c90bfd600d472941799" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.3</ix:nonFraction> million, all of which is included in Other Non-Current Assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over the five-year term of the Amended and Restated RCA. Total amortization expense for the year ended April 20, 2020 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AmortizationOfFinancingCosts" id="Fact_a91e2b2f22d04cf6841f4d6f5297ca9a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.0</ix:nonFraction> million and is included in Interest Expense on our Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total debt outstanding as of April 30, 2020 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebt" id="Fact_5df780d9ef4442c5a828192503129bbc" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">775.1</ix:nonFraction> million, which included $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent" id="Fact_5877482997684cb380963c99ceaaedd4" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9.4</ix:nonFraction> million of current portion of long-term debt related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA and long-term debt of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent" id="Fact_295fffc092044466b2212bc2a9568cc4" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">765.7</ix:nonFraction> million. The long-term debt consisted of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" id="Fact_0fcedff470d64e44a2e52b4f8c5f2f01" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_TermLoanAFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">235.3</ix:nonFraction> million related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA (amount is net of unamortized issuance costs of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnamortizedDebtIssuanceExpense" id="Fact_3a2b87af5cd043879b46a3aaac9f9ad1" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.7</ix:nonFraction> million) and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" id="Fact_5d928fb1c0e24935bf193c2714649d15" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_DebtInstrumentAxis_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">530.4</ix:nonFraction> million related to the revolving credit facility under the Amended and Restated RCA.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2019, total debt outstanding was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" id="Fact_ae131ce8223c4855b89b4f888b00ecb9" contextRef="c20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">478.8</ix:nonFraction> million, which consisted of amounts due under our RCA.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We had a revolving credit agreement (&#8220;RCA&#8221;) with a syndicated bank group led by Bank of America. The RCA consisted of a $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_ba6f3fd27f264372ada0327d32342426" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-8" scale="9" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.1</ix:nonFraction> billion five-year senior revolving credit facility payable <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" id="Fact_5354e73e257b49839a893399193a557f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">March 1, 2021</ix:nonNumeric>. Since there were no principal payments due until the end of the agreement in the year ended April 30, 2021, we had classified our entire debt obligation as long-term as of April 30, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have other lines of credit aggregating $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_504e387b21cd42f78becf9d580271127" contextRef="c20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_0c5c6abf6e5e432f8b3e09b8df1ced5b" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.7</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> million at various interest rates. There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" id="Fact_1f13214368b646e484dfa2a8be37c103" contextRef="c20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" id="Fact_dd64bb53fe4a44d8b7a60e3a82e61a4a" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> outstanding borrowings under these credit lines at April 30, 2020 and 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total available lines of credit as of April 30, 2020, were approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_829ca7b6d4ce47819fb1f71d3e9fc910" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-8" scale="9" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.5</ix:nonFraction> billion, of which approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" id="Fact_c67a59249876423892dc233f5ae65089" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-8" scale="9" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.7</ix:nonFraction> billion was unused. The weighted average interest rates on total debt outstanding during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" id="Fact_687ee3bf6c2e431e8e9e2998a7ecc722" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.12</ix:nonFraction>% and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" id="Fact_3032eab515ce4603baa5f3d75f359134" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.69</ix:nonFraction>%, respectively. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the weighted average interest rates for total debt were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" id="Fact_4190255f3daa44378c6d88bcbcfe9327" contextRef="c20200430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.26</ix:nonFraction>% and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" id="Fact_0d39b3921643432d8f20087777474440" contextRef="c20190430_CreditFacilityAxis_LineOfCreditMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="4" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.88</ix:nonFraction>%, respectively. Based on estimates of interest rates currently available to us for loans with similar terms and maturities, the fair value of our debt approximates its carrying value.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 15 &#8211; Derivative Instruments and Activities</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160;Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Interest Rate Contracts</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, we had total debt outstanding of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermDebt" id="Fact_370d92da72b14cd5829b8c6484f47899" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">775.1</ix:nonFraction> million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredFinanceCostsNet" id="Fact_9c9e981fa8584bf380e1d59622861543" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.7</ix:nonFraction> million of which $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" id="Fact_5d8d175c9eb146aab2f436cda7a95970" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">775.8</ix:nonFraction> million are variable rate loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated RCA, which approximated fair value.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the interest rate swap agreements we maintained were designated as fully effective cash flow hedges as defined under Accounting Standards Codification 815 &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging&#8221; ("ASC 815"). As a result, there was no impact on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income from changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps, as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments. Under ASC 815, derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges have changes in their fair value recorded initially within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As interest expense is recognized based on the variable rate loan agreements, the corresponding deferred gain or loss on the interest rate swaps is reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeInceptionDates" id="Fact_6c529871d39d408c809a863e4c2e38a6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">February 26, 2020</ix:nonNumeric> we entered into two forward starting interest rate swap agreements, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate" id="Fact_9eedeed537d64ebba47d1e4b89ad1bba" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="5" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.150</ix:nonFraction>% and receive a variable rate of interest based on <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" id="Fact_94c670cb2d564aa9a13da285076d18ad" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one-month</ix:nonNumeric> LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeTermOfContract" id="Fact_727e707bf2b34cb084f27648d4809b54" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric>-year period ending <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_46d7414f2cfd48a8835ce91de1cd6d3a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">March 15, 2023</ix:nonNumeric>. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swaps was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount" id="Fact_5c4f0d557cee47cf953b13455512f912" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100.0</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeInceptionDates" id="Fact_1dcd1fa3b23d4597b6d5f80db8e4dbf7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">August 7, 2019</ix:nonNumeric> we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate" id="Fact_125a4dce766f4794b98bcaa4afac44bb" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="5" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.400</ix:nonFraction>% and receive a variable rate of interest based on <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" id="Fact_77d10e0c0a844358a4787716b2401372" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one-month</ix:nonNumeric> LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeTermOfContract" id="Fact_f277f43e81534f04bc42a52c926230fb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric>-year period ending <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_b001db1c040448269e43bf1586c97142" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">August 15, 2022</ix:nonNumeric>. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount" id="Fact_5241670f6d3040ad8b22a47d0a0d259e" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100.0</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeInceptionDates" id="Fact_e7e478e50e7848369b80a2057e733e31" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">June 24, 2019</ix:nonNumeric> we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate" id="Fact_52d4e54ff6c04a1da03664beebdc42fa" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="5" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.650</ix:nonFraction>% and receive a variable rate of interest based on <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" id="Fact_765424726092470f9827f58e0057b29b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one-month</ix:nonNumeric> LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeTermOfContract" id="Fact_4b3b2f1f3f2a468eb398e0a1f8369bcb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">3</ix:nonNumeric>-year period ending <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_3a2c4161616e416ab85d059e4c547bf4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 15, 2022</ix:nonNumeric>. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount" id="Fact_724a83d1630649afb40aeda36700e834" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100.0</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeInceptionDates" id="Fact_db3757025e844f0e96673a2e793b4b5f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">April 4, 2016</ix:nonNumeric>, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, which expired on <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_b585350f884c4fdf82cf55321b7f2aea" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">May 15, 2019</ix:nonNumeric>, we paid a fixed rate of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate" id="Fact_72de09c238fa4a42aa6bd2e427de4605" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="5" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.920</ix:nonFraction>% and receive a variable rate of interest based on <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" id="Fact_c7cb75c6bb2041af882b9fa0dc368ba9" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">one-month</ix:nonNumeric> LIBOR from the counterparty which was reset every month for a three-year period ending <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DerivativeMaturityDates" id="Fact_d2259040f84f4f10a05902ab55621f7a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">May 15, 2019</ix:nonNumeric>.&#160; Prior to expiration, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount" id="Fact_f0ec608a15d447a2813a71d9b3830ae9" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_FinancialInstrumentAxis_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_VariableRateAxis_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">350.0</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, was a deferred loss of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeAssets" id="Fact_610a5fca81d443368bffe39174ccf2c4" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8.3</ix:nonFraction> million and a deferred gain of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeAssets" id="Fact_97810928593c4182b353dd1e1af4a4b3" contextRef="c20190430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.5</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred loss as of April 30, 2020 was recorded within Other Long-Term Liabilities and the entire deferred gain as of April 30, 2019 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> were $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet" id="Fact_7637278f013a415fa60ce6580d7c95c6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_InterestExpenseMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.4</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet" id="Fact_9f49112c10f9424989cbc415e412ce83" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_InterestExpenseMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.7</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, and $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet" id="Fact_f5226ffeac4b4425b6cfc9f766a724a3" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_InterestExpenseMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.5</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, respectively. Based on the amount in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss at </span>April 30, 2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, approximately $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestRateCashFlowHedgeGainLossToBeReclassifiedDuringNext12MonthsNet" id="Fact_5dc8558b9065477a97b0a681ae86e8c3" contextRef="c20200430_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_InterestRateSwapMember_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis_CashFlowHedgingMember_HedgingDesignationAxis_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.7</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, net of tax, would be reclassified into net income in the next twelve months.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Currency Contracts</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and carried at their fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, we did not maintain any open forward contracts. </span>In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>87</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div><a id="Note16"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_97efb6549bb24cefaf938517bf990aad" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_fedfe839d9294f6194cdf9c0b03559711">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 16 &#8211; Commitment and Contingencies</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business.&#160;A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel.&#160;In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of April 30, 2020, will not have a material effect upon our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.</div>
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<div><a id="Note17"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_9050cfb15111428d84c38280c9f7d9ee" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b1">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 17 &#8211; Retirement Plans</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have retirement plans that cover substantially all employees. The plans generally provide for employee retirement between the ages <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" id="Fact_cfb4de8195064551869d231edcee7dc4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">60</ix:nonNumeric> and <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" id="Fact_3c2d240f14b94974853598280142f18b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">65</ix:nonNumeric>, and benefits based on length of service and compensation, as defined.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Board of Directors approved plan amendments that froze the following retirement plans:</div>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd., a U.K. plan was frozen effective April 30, 2015 and;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. Employees&#8217; Retirement Plan, Supplemental Benefit Plan, and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, were frozen effective June 30, 2013.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We maintain the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan for certain officers and senior management which provides for the payment of supplemental retirement benefits after the termination of employment for <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" id="Fact_eecbc0e3319d4c9fb11acaf009bef1a1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_SupplementalEmployeeRetirementPlanDefinedBenefitMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric> years or in a lifetime annuity. Under certain circumstances, including a change of control as defined, the payment of such amounts could be accelerated on a present value basis. Future accrued benefits to this plan have been discontinued as noted above.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The components of net pension (income) expense for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost" id="Fact_ddf8ff9620164f32aacdd615f25bd8eb" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,876</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" id="Fact_3c33965120e742e788ce8c33b324cd77" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26,385</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Amortization of Prior Service Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_c91d64d05e33426aa2a2a838df7e2108" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">154</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_93172d3e5d6f48e08114aba5af062eb3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">73</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_c185355c4307488b977a5c029efa0eb7" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">154</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_cc236ef09d414940856395810daa64ba" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_a89f6b73c6e64b2ead79b90dcf55c293" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">154</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit" id="Fact_94978d90b9e64383af01e274c313218c" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Recognized Net Actuarial Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_873159735b1d49f295e7bc49bf28c05e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,403</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_cbbc575fe937480bac0dd1551b6dd13b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,993</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_10d4ac11f12a42ad850ae6ad524c2510" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,035</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_cf1eb7ac153a45158258c09573eb5b23" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,746</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_5a54342d83c84687be7eaa67fef8bd4c" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,289</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" id="Fact_e0343855963d4031b253192b6ead9217" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,832</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Curtailment/Settlement Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanRecognizedNetGainLossDueToSettlementsAndCurtailments1" id="Fact_70c68ba107a342e4a5df0bd736022bfe" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanRecognizedNetGainLossDueToSettlementsAndCurtailments1" id="Fact_b778d78767ca463eabb71cef75873410" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostDiscountRate" id="Fact_9ce10f32f0204df1939e0903c53c5b87" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rate of Compensation Increase</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostExpectedLongTermReturnOnAssets" id="Fact_d0fae66583de42d995bbbe6227bc98dc" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.8</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostExpectedLongTermReturnOnAssets" id="Fact_eab622f9f42e41e2bc67cfa129a3e9bb" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.5</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In the year ended April 30, 2020, there was a settlement charge of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees" id="Fact_f3cc2a25e3ee4d27acba704b7cd2fa80" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.3</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million related to the </span>Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Canada which<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> is reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The service cost component of net pension (income) expense is reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. The other components of net benefit costs are reported separately from the service cost component and below Operating (Loss) Income. Such amounts are reflected in Interest and Other Income on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for the retirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_54496e2747714b92a10755659a1ea979" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">853.3</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateAccumulatedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_d1fbda93ae6b4a4cb12f016f77ff0983" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">816.5</ix:nonFraction> million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_b30c7d841f7747b4be440fcd2f2033b9" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">659.4</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively, as of April 30, 2020, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_120bcd5585bd45fea2da055e96f3e664" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">794.2</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateAccumulatedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_594a22722f384b5b9106da80bbc7d8ff" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">762.8</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_27f1350e00df4d55a9a5e4d209d39a24" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">621.9</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively, as of April 30, 2019.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>88</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Recognized Net Actuarial Loss for each fiscal year is calculated using the &#8220;corridor method,&#8221; which reflects the amortization of the net loss at the beginning of the fiscal year in excess of 10% of the greater of the market value of plan assets or the projected benefit obligation. The amortization period is based on the average expected life of plan participants for plans with all or almost all inactive participants and frozen plans, and on the average remaining working lifetime of active plan participants for all other plans.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of defined benefit postretirement plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.&#160;The change in the funded status of the plan is recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Plan assets and obligations are measured at fair value as of our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position date.</div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAmountsInAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossToBeRecognizedOverNextFiscalYearTableTextBlock" id="Text_bf3adfa9cfbb465484280698b9085530" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_f9f1bf295798418c857e8b5a201428091"><ix:continuation id="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b26" continuedAt="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b27">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the next fiscal year are as follows:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb1800c5032ca420bbdc2399e4c706d9b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table sets forth the changes in and the status of our defined benefit plans&#8217; assets and benefit obligations:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_e626ebba4b9a44959f51e49a40ab768e1" continuedAt="Text_e626ebba4b9a44959f51e49a40ab768e2"><ix:continuation id="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b31" continuedAt="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b32">
<div><br /></div>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_c11c5f3551d546c38a08be4c0b17a2f2" contextRef="c20180430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">419,448</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Actual Return on Plan Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanActualReturnOnPlanAssets" id="Fact_73d9dc0cc3fa4aa2861dbbfaca58c3bc" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,645</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanActualReturnOnPlanAssets" id="Fact_67d0b65c6fcd42e1b2233a4fdd5fd619" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24,891</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employer Contributions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" id="Fact_43e3f7479da144a89bb4d96c0668652f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,700</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer" id="Fact_1f5bb7ce8b104ae09084007442c7566e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,686</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsPlanAssets" id="Fact_2488ab2e8c8d411d8e002acf2ecd731e" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid" id="Fact_f09afcbe3af64751aa5682e3877711ed" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,162</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid" id="Fact_4b7a651fd69b4dd1bcec7f3eec1c79e0" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15,813</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid" id="Fact_4df846e4e24b4c4094af085e91a9f3fb" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,282</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_95345351286b4f2cadff088bb2a743f2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_dc954a1276c543ae923f3790acdf179a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,436</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_39494bcc44904be3a67ff28ff1f089fd" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" id="Fact_e37423e349c94f4c8e625b663a3901e3" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">31,680</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fair Value, End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_32d76618c589487ca2a077211d54bb1b" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">213,946</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_d856a99b86704e08bc7a206b9deed18c" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">445,480</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_0011ecf574fd4f5ba14f7364f79b1414" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">213,628</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_e0a1b10a058642ec95808a89c3581673" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">408,249</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Service Cost</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost" id="Fact_223197aea4654fedad29e70ccba0596c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,247</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Actuarial Gains (Losses)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefits Paid</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid" id="Fact_0ffa0571686a463fbf95eb86df457e13" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15,027</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid" id="Fact_d746755680f0491b82e5f175ff3c10f2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,162</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid" id="Fact_64e1739f53bf4616be90b601c55fe767" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15,813</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsBenefitObligation" id="Fact_10bee093a1ee4949bbdd5cbacec37642" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsBenefitObligation" id="Fact_aa57b1a78c0549918f9b232c28e5c571" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">886</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation" id="Fact_2e2eb9541fd2415ea1dfefcb1048983e" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">534,303</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation" id="Fact_42e5ffd965744eeab68702343a9f8db2" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">285,197</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation" id="Fact_3524b90d025f40049c48e7e3c628c0b3" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">509,015</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Underfunded Status, End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" id="Fact_9a22172e3dad4a719342c4d08a7184cc" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">105,021</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" id="Fact_d0c54e0577b84ae5a083d29a49d5a3f7" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">88,823</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" id="Fact_6f7ead9902834ea5b609b94f0a429d50" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">71,569</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" id="Fact_1654b88bce144837971c2957faecb15d" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100,766</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Pension Liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" id="Fact_fc94b26fae0344258478f5f556ad123d" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,990</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" id="Fact_7c2ecfc4f21c4bad97cbbdff5391ccae" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">885</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" id="Fact_b703b649d03c40118c643c3db740430b" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,188</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent Pension Liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_8672a497c6864cf6b761fc83c0adadb5" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100,031</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_21087eaea91843a292d35297f585f4b0" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">87,938</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_38168eb2e3cd456092111be8c920dbb7" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">66,381</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" id="Fact_11f88de375084a318a7ae04b45adedd1" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">99,950</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet" id="Fact_6a240f5bd06c41c08f9713a000fde5d6" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">105,021</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet" id="Fact_0c819f20c38d4fc8979a2d72f3ee7190" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">88,823</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet" id="Fact_63004a2aafbe49a8a59b92d1b0956638" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">71,569</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet" id="Fact_e1e06846477844f7b882c741a7ad98c1" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100,766</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Actuarial (Losses)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax" id="Fact_094028fc7cb345d393aec7e089cd33a4" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">131,569</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax" id="Fact_3d2af592c79d419ea27ec68f8fefb8a2" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">181,403</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax" id="Fact_98a0b4c1d5fc485bb913c046b58944b8" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">94,028</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax" id="Fact_5020d498f7f445548f6ef52fc7302d56" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">177,157</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Prior Service Cost Gains (Losses)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax" id="Fact_bec63e5f29024d1483810422b2fec2ef" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,254</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax" id="Fact_e442866081f845f2b5c2d54596185799" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,051</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax" id="Fact_6fd7f1e5fdc2482a9a0e91507585555c" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,408</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax" id="Fact_139d21c7ba7d49e6b6ebc44c933af955" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,154</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTax" id="Fact_6884110e7da442bd8d73a4f2a6c594d1" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">129,315</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discount Rate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationDiscountRate" id="Fact_4e7eaf0fabff479e88e8a6a1bfb7f3ee" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.4</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease" id="Fact_7d67008a396e49d1a3d572c291dd9581" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U008" xsi:nil="true" format="ixt:nocontent"></ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease" id="Fact_add40d67322e4d2097a00207e88fea6e" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.0</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease" id="Fact_424b39bc5ace4cd2991e736ccb7e8130" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U008" xsi:nil="true" format="ixt:nocontent"></ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease" id="Fact_5aa1d45c0ef94c0a8020b8b8ca19beb2" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="3" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.0</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated Benefit Obligations</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_f2152b7c86c1456e9a15a1a57509668c" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">318,967</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_0b87f60cd8054a128aedcef72207694c" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">497,489</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation" id="Fact_15b9322bce5b427ab59c0f3381cf8922" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">285,197</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>89</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pension plan assets/investments:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The investment guidelines for the defined benefit pension plans are established based upon an evaluation of market conditions, plan liabilities, cash requirements for benefit payments, and tolerance for risk.&#160;Investment guidelines include the use of actively and passively managed securities. The investment objective is to ensure that funds are available to meet the plans benefit obligations when they are due. The investment strategy is to invest in high quality and diversified equity and debt securities to achieve our long-term expectation. The plans&#8217; risk management practices provide guidance to the investment managers, including guidelines for asset concentration, credit rating and liquidity.&#160;Asset allocation favors a balanced portfolio, with a global aggregated target allocation of approximately <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage" id="Fact_837f8fd68f2a45ebb5f3333879d7e7bc" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">45</ix:nonFraction>% equity securities and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage" id="Fact_b466828ef7d4490c851ac82ef64ce66b" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">55</ix:nonFraction>% fixed income securities and cash.&#160; Due to volatility in the market, the target allocation is not always desirable and asset allocations will fluctuate between acceptable ranges of plus or minus <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" id="Fact_ddef66fee7df4874a13c9d00b6bf385a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5</ix:nonFraction>%. We regularly review the investment allocations and periodically rebalance investments to the target allocations. We categorize our pension assets into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:</div>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z2a8f09545e38473f92f5dc45b749738d">
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.</div></td>
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</table>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zd57a33338c0143be88f4aa786c78cb9a">
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1.&#160;For example, quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets.</div></td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset.</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We did not maintain any level 3 assets during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019. In accordance with ASU 2015-07, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (&#8220;Topic 820&#8221;), certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (&#8220;NAV&#8221;) per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient do not have to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. We adopted ASU 2015-07 in the year ended April 30, 2018 and it was applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The fair value amounts presented in the following tables are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented for the total pension benefit plan assets.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. Equities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_903b3b3fd6c646b2b046d1aed4a6f29f" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_BalancedManagedFundsMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">48,550</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Funds</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_dc8b878529ff47ab9ddddbe41f3d88be" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeFundsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,431</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_b1623addcafc4c78890cea17df4858eb" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeFundsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">254,134</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_97bc27e2175a463ea084fdd2c037282d" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeFundsMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">257,565</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_8545c763a8d245a08b7f1aae37e9231d" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeFundsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">855</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_9a6b5f29d8aa472e8c8d821090148ae6" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeFundsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">199,720</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_7d912f442b8c48ee9d31e286b5d8a92b" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeFundsMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">200,575</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_89d4d527432640c58e3a6ad43581794e" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">490</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_81f8733f4d604097842f16e543f19b7e" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_216179333ba24cc8957cddd2adb92731" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">501</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_70871a9178aa464f88e1eb9725cb8606" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">501</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and Cash Equivalents</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_3e5e8dfc9d50402d8baab320d2c8566b" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,134</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_f590a6012c8e4b4abe50dbb12bbbd99a" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_372f9fccf6bd48b2a263924790cf2b0b" contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,134</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_d7112a84ed994bc6804687ff30d03d92" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,396</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_1a3c201e2d244994bb03696ca286e046" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_d155005a0d234c178574503e1d86cfcc" contextRef="c20190430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,396</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Non-U.S. Plan Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_d06bbb4ac0c345af8df4c780bff00c82" contextRef="c20200430_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,565</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_bc17b667271a4b43b2764227aea0d43b" contextRef="c20200430_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">439,915</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_aeb7ce739e83428bb461b550a753b279" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">445,480</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_8e296b5e16b84ba1bbea7b2d0143c772" contextRef="c20190430_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,251</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_f75f0cfb566543818b27dd3e7d286fbb" contextRef="c20190430_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">405,998</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_95bdf1faacab4f5b83b9c96416cf8618" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">408,249</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Plan Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_bb54786dd5d942fb913135cf8b50e625" contextRef="c20200430_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,565</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" id="Fact_1d4a89dca12948b686e3c26697514bb9" contextRef="c20200430_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">439,915</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Expected employer contributions to the defined benefit pension plans in the year ended April 30, </span>2021<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> will be approximately $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsNextFiscalYear" id="Fact_967b2db41ab647c19b8d13ea940e6d4a" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16.9</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, including $</span><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsNextFiscalYear" id="Fact_e130b8cb819545f39df63a6117a6234f" contextRef="c20200430_RangeAxis_MinimumMember_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11.8</ix:nonFraction><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of minimum amounts required for our non-U.S. plans. From time to time, we may elect to make voluntary contributions to our defined benefit plans to improve their funded status. Included </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">in our defined benefit pension contributions for the year ended April 30, 2019 was a discretionary contribution of $</span><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" id="Fact_ccff659e3dbf4d3bb052cac06acb53e6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10.0</ix:nonFraction><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million to the </span>U.S. Employees' Retirement Plan of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>90</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfExpectedBenefitPaymentsTableTextBlock" id="Text_24ba80dffb464272aa1389c6012dfcea" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_7f100ee76b5646c2b23780c912d3559f1"><ix:continuation id="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b52" continuedAt="Text_509e254da6c44d458a1970e4298b9d5b53">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="zb2d679663494465e9ff8dc0457ba9528">
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    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearTwo" id="Fact_16ed612289de47bd8edec4ae388f455d" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10,743</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFive" id="Fact_c7ffd84b7f9b4b8d9409c12b63ec795d" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">28,802</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2026 &#8211; 2030</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter" id="Fact_b0b31aaed8a74bd2b357c8004e1d1a6f" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">77,026</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter" id="Fact_d12aaa08a0394cb0b3ec6bb96d8137d1" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">71,836</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter" id="Fact_7d30ef1e10ba4114a6f99b35ae86e9b5" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">148,862</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" id="Fact_65d4515b08a44c909255ca5d51660e49" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">155,421</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" id="Fact_e7b4b3274b7b48729440af77a0db682c" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_ForeignPlanMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">128,507</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" id="Fact_60b5df210748461bbdd433a59225b6fc" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">283,928</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Retiree Health Benefits</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We provide contributory life insurance and health care benefits, subject to certain dollar limitations, for substantially all of our eligible retired U.S. employees. The retiree health benefit is no longer available for any employee who retires after December 31, 2017. The cost of such benefits is expensed over the years the employee renders service and is not funded in advance. The accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitsPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent" id="Fact_fe342421320b48faa28bd2063b927a51" contextRef="c20200430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.4</ix:nonFraction> and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherPostretirementBenefitsPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent" id="Fact_024eaec253c64589ad7b74870761b9eb" contextRef="c20190430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.6</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively. Annual (credits) for these plans for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_35404f6d7783402aa80f3efee06aaec8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.1</ix:nonFraction>) million, $(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_39701fe7beb346ae9bfe0434e328edb1" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.1</ix:nonFraction>) million and $(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" id="Fact_0d561a551a754e00827d1457e88c57c4" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.1</ix:nonFraction>) million, respectively.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Defined Contribution Savings Plans</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have defined contribution savings plans. Our contribution is based on employee contributions and the level of our match. We may make discretionary contributions to all employees as a group. The expense recorded for these plans was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" id="Fact_240175de8215406daae17d7d0689765b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.0</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" id="Fact_fb661a96d2a5464699b213698c09bd70" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13.1</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" id="Fact_c17c28f9414c420f9aa433420b6d0d04" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">14.4</ix:nonFraction> million in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 respectively.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note18"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" id="Text_8c35c33f4b3c4b57bfede77a292d72f3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_83271ddb343f4a7aa2140e531bb25a4b1">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 18 &#8211; Stock-Based Compensation</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All equity compensation plans have been approved by shareholders. Under the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan, (&#8220;the Plan&#8221;), qualified employees are eligible to receive awards that may include stock options, performance-based stock awards, and other restricted stock awards. Under the Plan, a maximum number of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized" id="Fact_4b96d01dea57484bb69fcc781bf79555" contextRef="c20200430_PlanNameAxis_KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">6.5</ix:nonFraction> million shares of our Class A stock may be issued. As of April 30, 2020, there were approximately <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant" id="Fact_5c570c2300b541599ef2cb1168486956" contextRef="c20200430_PlanNameAxis_KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,501,116</ix:nonFraction> securities remaining available for future issuance under the Plan. We issue treasury shares to fund awards issued under the Plan.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Stock Option Activity</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of our stock option plan, the exercise price of stock options granted may not be less than <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" id="Fact_cc7b06d9a63c4a4083105f5c87b869fb" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100</ix:nonFraction>% of the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. Options are exercisable over a maximum period of <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" id="Fact_9942ec70237744bea0d35cf483a11783" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">10</ix:nonNumeric> years from the date of grant. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, options generally vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_1d3557180df54c1e823f52516e002da1" contextRef="c20140501to20150430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_a51207f68c3445e48300a631b3ecbb2d" contextRef="c20140501to20150430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% on the fourth and fifth anniversary date after the award is granted. For the year ended April 30, 2016, options vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_88b7deb0f8204d9e8161fb225ab488b3" contextRef="c20150501to20160430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">25</ix:nonFraction>% per year on April 30.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We did <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_69799fef9b2f446f8552deec74cd71c9" contextRef="c20160501to20170430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction>t grant any stock option awards since the year ended April 30, 2016. As of April 30, 2019, all outstanding options vested allowing the participant the right to exercise their awards.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The&#160; fair value of the options granted in the year ended April 30, 2016 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_7e0f00102e584bebba1480e732c8cd5e" contextRef="c20150501to20160430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">14.77</ix:nonFraction> using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The significant weighted average assumptions used in the fair value determination was the expected life which represented an estimate of the period of time stock options will be outstanding based on the historical exercise behavior of option recipients. The risk-free interest rate was based on the corresponding U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The expected volatility was based on the historical volatility of our Common Stock price over the estimated life of the option, while the dividend yield was based on the expected dividend payments to be made by us.</div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>91</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A summary of the activity and status of our stock option plans follows:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z04b03f0cdde7470cb17af8fa3b28d98f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Options</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in 000&#8217;s)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exercise</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Price</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_8001dbd0e1c74f2b8bb94aa9c226bc37" contextRef="c20180430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">48.88</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_151e11f3092647659ad8114e821773aa" contextRef="c20170430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">47.39</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_71f5fad822be4187ab40a792eb0e5549" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="0" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_61cb24c09a9945ff9694d5de50bbb7c6" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_0d885209b2ea4b7c8055f304bea264b3" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="0" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_feeadc9cf2174d37b9d7206380890c42" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">38.32</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_6158d5f3536c40c495bbbe584ea687da" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">47.21</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" id="Fact_0c0a4dc12b034792b0574bfaf135de32" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" id="Fact_3a72138084d14ff4869c15a099342cb7" contextRef="c20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">372</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_0bd2fa3b140b466bb16b1ed5945efaca" contextRef="c20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">49.70</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" id="Fact_a3406a5b8c51463dbb3740b385894460" contextRef="c20180430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">611</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_64fc97add36c48cc93217bde3b82cdd7" contextRef="c20180430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">48.88</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exercisable at End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" id="Fact_cac732efcb184f9eb2079cd7ca8dda46" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">286</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_27a9cd5fc61b49a2908867aa15498af4" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50.14</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" id="Fact_82420fa210da4dcaab41a9b4c3f23205" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">2.0</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" id="Fact_ffb8ab9a88f14e27a3776d945dfefd9d" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" id="Fact_b9a99d2db7e64931aa2cc775b448d7e8" contextRef="c20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">372</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" id="Fact_f9a600f5a4eb4f8e9fc85a13cf1ed7ba" contextRef="c20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">49.70</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The intrinsic value is the difference between our common stock price and the option grant price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" id="Fact_124ecd74355f4fb795785af35732ab40" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.3</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" id="Fact_78376118decc4457b5156aebde5efc7c" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.4</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" id="Fact_52625304adda466abd08e1bf39656ee5" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">10.4</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively.&#160;The total grant date fair value of stock options vested during the year ended April 30, 2019 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedInPeriodFairValue1" id="Fact_222e970c85b1444882e6ec7088575e6d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.8</ix:nonFraction> million.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, there was <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions" id="Fact_cf1aed834e8a480ebc2d60026dbfa180" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_EmployeeStockOptionMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">no</ix:nonFraction> unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to stock options.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2020:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="zdc9f45dccbc648ad85a544e1cbcd7887">
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    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit" id="Fact_a9e78c85f31d450f89a76caced0fcf97" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis_ExercisePriceRange4Member" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">55.99</ix:nonFraction> to $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit" id="Fact_4e2a450deb654aad855e29529171690b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis_ExercisePriceRange4Member" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">59.70</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" id="Fact_458439e08e3842f095c282aa9b561ce1" contextRef="c20200430_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis_ExercisePriceRange4Member" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">57.89</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions" id="Fact_bba7a9a440cf484784f9e5db89b76500" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">286</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" id="Fact_3764f348d4b0438ca58021622df00825" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" format="ixt-sec:duryear">2.0</ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1" id="Fact_344044fdddfb4031a6b15d76d01b5c50" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50.14</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions" id="Fact_52ea4271073c4ceeb6b9cc291db2eedc" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">286</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1" id="Fact_9a04af083ea94502bad796ac116910c0" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50.14</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of our long-term incentive plans, performance-based restricted unit awards are payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock upon the achievement of certain <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" id="Fact_a0166664522d45ec9732fe7a256a7994" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three-year</ix:nonNumeric> financial performance-based targets. During each <ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" id="Fact_cdc5e8ba03514cdb8c27e717eeafd3eb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen">three-year</ix:nonNumeric> period, we adjust compensation expense based upon our best estimate of expected performance. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, restricted performance shares vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_606674d11ec842548d049b67ae4c20ae" contextRef="c20140501to20150430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_7242fd1cd84a4d8cb4877b4bab623df6" contextRef="c20140501to20150430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThreeMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% on the first and second anniversary date after the award is earned. For the years ended April 30, 2016 and 2017, restricted performance shares vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_7997529084eb448883a2afb7a267706d" contextRef="c20160501to20170430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_0d8ad30581494998976ec51299f535c9" contextRef="c20150501to20160430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_e4b381dad34544a1bde53873dd9e244e" contextRef="c20160501to20170430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_f4bd3d55d90942d793d3219da5277623" contextRef="c20150501to20160430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% on April 30 of the following year. Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2018, restricted performance share units vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_8ff4ed7d50c847ce8c26e4ca646fd58c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_KeyEmployeesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_71942e15259744a6933b98a4b68a11ae" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_KeyEmployeesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_16fec4947e124df58823759596ccdb63" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_KeyEmployeesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may also grant individual restricted unit awards payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock to key employees in connection with their employment. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, the restricted shares generally vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_f7d8ca9765f743df8021fd4a6e06ad0f" contextRef="c20140501to20150430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_KeyEmployeesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_1a33ce8f478244e2a9d37a7661fee054" contextRef="c20140501to20150430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_KeyEmployeesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% at the end of the fourth and fifth years following the date of the grant. Starting with the year ended April 30, 2016 grants, restricted shares generally vest ratably <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_318ad9daeb8644319dcc22e408ebbb73" contextRef="c20150501to20160430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_KeyEmployeesMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">25</ix:nonFraction>% per year.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under certain circumstances relating to a change of control or termination, as defined, the restrictions would lapse, and shares would vest earlier.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>92</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" id="Text_17d36d807c17468dbf9ffd36863124e4" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_3ab84947d8e8470d961594ee66fd1ef81"><ix:continuation id="Text_83271ddb343f4a7aa2140e531bb25a4b34" continuedAt="Text_83271ddb343f4a7aa2140e531bb25a4b35">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was as follows (shares in thousands):</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0ab96896175c41acba5bfbca042ad003" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Change in Shares Due to Performance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Vested and Issued</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_7d52c103bc4e4cba90cae2279c3eeaa3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">53.14</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Forfeited</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" id="Fact_138b6e569f8b4300a0d6ea5efc484f4f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">173</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" id="Fact_c2fce784e4854b2ba1bf7631f0ef5b59" contextRef="c20190430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">756</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" id="Fact_d307da5813ec4fea886e01bc6bb67ad6" contextRef="c20180430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">861</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_4ab90a56a43f41ecbfa906420067ac5b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20.0</ix:nonFraction>&#160;million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_2dc4eb79922746e08fef43d58b44adaa" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18.3</ix:nonFraction>&#160;million and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" id="Fact_41b546283bc8445f8720e87a99c50c3e" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11.2</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, there was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions" id="Fact_950156a4cf7d435faa6134eb60877ab7" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">27.6</ix:nonFraction> million of unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to performance-based and other restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a period up to <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" id="Fact_c0c2faf917c047e2a70c819069e45ae0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">4</ix:nonNumeric> years, or <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" id="Fact_4f619da6b99a479c8198bb2cb1313dc3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" format="ixt-sec:duryear">2.4</ix:nonNumeric> years on a weighted average basis.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Compensation expense for restricted stock awards is measured using the closing market price of our Class A Common Stock at the date of grant. The total grant date value of shares vested during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" id="Fact_756b858111e344a58caedfcbdd99240e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">17.5</ix:nonFraction> million, $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" id="Fact_014234f7f2054b1292308809860289e3" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.6</ix:nonFraction> million, and $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" id="Fact_3b75a394b7544f138b39db942f5496ff" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15.7</ix:nonFraction> million, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">President and CEO New Hire Equity Awards</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On October 17, 2017, we announced Brian A. Napack as the new President and Chief Executive Officer of Wiley effective December 4, 2017 (the "Commencement Date").&#160; Upon the Commencement Date, Mr. Napack also became a member of our Board of Directors (the "Board").&#160; In connection with his appointment, Wiley and Mr. Napack entered into an employment offer letter (the "Employment Agreement").&#160;</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Employment Agreement provides that beginning with the year ended April 30, 2018&#8211;2020 performance cycle, eligibility to participate in annual grants under our Executive Long-Term Incentive Program (ELTIP). Targeted long-term incentive for this cycle is equal to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" id="Fact_a251618a513243bdb8f27f9a2bfe08a9" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">300</ix:nonFraction>% of base salary, or $<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" id="Fact_db78abe54a194e31ad39589222215a26" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.7</ix:nonFraction> million. <span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_9fed3c6d30554561aeffd93fb30a29f5">Sixty percent</span> of the ELTIP value will be delivered in the form of target performance share units and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_14fe932099ae4da0969083b99dc6a261">forty percent</span> in restricted share units. The grant date fair value for restricted share units was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_d7dea19f3a2c46c29c83b9b13f940e27" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">59.15</ix:nonFraction> per share and included <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_e0eb96bda3b84c158130b77db5e179b6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20,611</ix:nonFraction> restricted share units, which vest <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_b08582961a08481fa70c12d8fc5cc528" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_966001d368414784a83d27ded1609d0a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_20809057bf264230b687e5eb18475e3c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage" id="Fact_305069ba57764194b70c9ee05f56e145" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_VestingAxis_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">25</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction>% each year starting on April 30, 2018 to April 30, 2021. In addition, there was a performance share unit award with a target of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_013f3846ded0486291e0d3b47ed9fa48" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30,916</ix:nonFraction> units and a grant date fair value of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_bca77c4c11fe44479c7ffe2b06eee6c5" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_PerformanceSharesMember_PlanNameAxis_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">59.15</ix:nonFraction>. The performance metrics are based on cumulative EBITDA for the year ended April 30, 2018-2020 and cumulative normalized free cash flow for the year ended April 30, 2018&#8211;2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The awards are described in further detail in Mr. Napack&#8217;s Employment Agreement filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2017.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the Employment Agreement provides for a sign-on grant of restricted share units, with a grant value of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensationGross" id="Fact_e86817348c3d45c6a11573cbbb5af661" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_SignOnGrantMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4.0</ix:nonFraction> million, converted to shares using our Class A closing stock price as of the Commencement Date, and vesting in <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfEqualInstallments" id="Fact_d60fff1d678f469992b0a659c3dc240b" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_SignOnGrantMember" unitRef="U009" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">two</ix:nonFraction> equal installments on the first and second anniversaries of the employment date. The grant date fair value for this award was $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" id="Fact_c826315e0e7647e8a35024fefd3d6d21" contextRef="c20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_SignOnGrantMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">59.15</ix:nonFraction> per share and included <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_9f8d44816dc34f4ba5ef01918fb7d904" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_AwardTypeAxis_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_PlanNameAxis_SignOnGrantMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">67,625</ix:nonFraction> units at the date of grant. Grants are subject to forfeiture in the case of voluntary termination prior to vesting and accelerated vesting in the case of earlier termination of employment without Cause, due to death or Disability or Constructive Discharge, or upon a Change in Control (as such terms are defined in the Employment Agreement).</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The awards are described in further detail in Mr. Napack&#8217;s Employment Agreement filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2017.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>93</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Director Stock Awards</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of our 2018 Director Stock Plan (the &#8220;Director Plan&#8221;), each non-employee director, other than the Chairman of the Board, receives an annual award of restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock equal in value to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AnnualAwardValue" id="Fact_a79be8cdacb2401da7b18d65e004c00c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PlanNameAxis_DirectorStockPlanMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_DirectorMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">100</ix:nonFraction>% of the annual director stock retainer fee, based on the stock price at the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the date of grant. Such restricted shares will vest on the earliest of (i) the day before the next Annual Meeting following the grant, (ii) the non-employee director&#8217;s death or disability (as determined by the Governance Committee), or (iii) a change in control (as defined in the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan).&#160;The granted shares may not be sold or transferred during the time the non-employee director remains a director. There were <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualSharesIssued" id="Fact_44bb1d19ee7b4bb0a2fca3f6da82bd09" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PlanNameAxis_DirectorStockPlanMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_DirectorMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20,048</ix:nonFraction>, <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualSharesIssued" id="Fact_df1042ed480d4a67bc1295577b1212cf" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_PlanNameAxis_DirectorStockPlanMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_DirectorMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,991</ix:nonFraction>, and <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualSharesIssued" id="Fact_365f078822994e47bc98e1ea87c643e4" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_PlanNameAxis_DirectorStockPlanMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_TitleOfIndividualAxis_DirectorMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19,900</ix:nonFraction> restricted shares awarded under the Director Plan for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 19 &#8211; Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Each share of our Class B Common Stock is convertible into <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" id="Fact_e3ea719cce5b47908388bfa117dc08a0" contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">one</ix:nonFraction> share of Class A Common Stock. The holders of Class A stock are entitled to elect <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders" id="Fact_b43d7f7ec6be42d0998b62513351a7a8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U008" decimals="2" scale="-2" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30</ix:nonFraction>% of the entire Board of Directors and the holders of Class B stock are entitled to elect the remainder. On all other matters, each share of Class A stock is entitled to <span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_412cc978e5ad4421ab300d7ad207ba62">one tenth</span> of one vote and each share of Class B stock is entitled to <ix:nonFraction name="jwa:NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" id="Fact_7a3c82a8a6ed4de6aea31c26dae9d5c3" contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U010" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">one</ix:nonFraction> vote.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Share Repurchases</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1" id="Fact_207e5d0cc4264e97b2374a4002effae0" contextRef="c20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">200</ix:nonFraction> million of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingAuthorizedRepurchaseAmount1" id="Fact_8aac7a9f67894509953c79ae8f348a00" contextRef="c20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" unitRef="U001" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">200</ix:nonFraction> million that was remaining under this program.&#160; <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" id="Fact_1a04e8b15c244c5d91a22c06c061fa74" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="INF" scale="0" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">No</ix:nonFraction> share repurchases were made under this program during the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The share repurchase program described above is in addition to the share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors during the year ended April 30, 2017 of <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" id="Fact_32a16b9add2c454a8f929523f8015942" contextRef="c20170430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="-6" scale="6" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen">four</ix:nonFraction> million shares of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" id="Fact_bdd40bc4d0c04999aa305db26949b955" contextRef="c20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">806,758</ix:nonFraction> additional shares that were remaining under this program.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the shares repurchased of Class A and B Common Stock:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1cc5004eaa7d4e6ab409714487b40280" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares repurchased &#8211; Class A</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares repurchased &#8211; Class B</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" id="Fact_4cb4ca4e76ae4d60ae3df2dfb3979db5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2,281</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" id="Fact_cce62e28c5ff40aca43d4d357ea8a29f" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="0" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Average Price &#8211; Class A and Class B</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" id="Fact_db2bb35b45e041db89321e2013a5b43f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">43.05</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" id="Fact_3f32c9b81ad1469eb487f5b4b4fffa63" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">50.35</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare" id="Fact_009cad2453764f7c90d2707938fd8435" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">55.65</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>94</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Changes in Common Stock</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za02ee464e1664172b31c837b360f9195" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Changes in Common Stock A:</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares issued, end of year</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" id="Fact_2ef49593d13c4ea0ab0189edc3321ccb" contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">70,111</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Changes in Common Stock A in treasury:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockShares" id="Fact_1df4eddf16e64b5dbe2f3a0a08b4b28f" contextRef="c20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">22,634</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Purchase of treasury shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" id="Fact_be25945cdd594f679ccf698615407f1d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,080</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" id="Fact_946afd844e31459c9f2ce2f867c25ec2" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,192</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" id="Fact_0c300ea9ddbd47488206cfd9fc8385a2" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">713</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - non-PSU Awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares issued under the Director Plan to Directors</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stock grants of fully vested Class A shares - common stock</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_73fe9084ebc248d7952820c34cb23bac" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:zerodash">&#8212;</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod" id="Fact_2d296a26806441658eec92b76ec63bda" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares, forfeited</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited" id="Fact_39986e8d18c447db8e8d16de2c3e7623" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited" id="Fact_150d179cca8a452990b6d7516a54335d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited" id="Fact_b8076fcf74f140bb8d7e33265aff8689" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">15</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" id="Fact_eda13247bf764fcb8d9f406ba93d6b63" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">34</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" id="Fact_335856abf92045afb33c06c4ad8684a3" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">229</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" id="Fact_afca80a1a27f45dba0b9341a09306793" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">788</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares withheld for taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings" id="Fact_63a0f3fc808b4546a374f3447ede93fc" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">122</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings" id="Fact_57fe3490262941029fdcb4217caec363" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">130</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings" id="Fact_72d25c195bfe47b8ba34dd424fde4aa6" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">116</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOtherShares" id="Fact_b3762caf131841fe9c201bfb8a446282" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOtherShares" id="Fact_393575b1ae3b444a803f799258912787" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityOtherShares" id="Fact_42f28d8fd1f84a05ad3f4c3e2a8936e5" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" id="Fact_7df72ec8ea8348b68a7dad8841d1bfec" contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,016</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" id="Fact_f7e8eae6a3e74af9915955c013affb5e" contextRef="c20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U002" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">9,153</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Dividends</div>
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<div><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the cash dividends paid during the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_0f163d0c995b431d9b0ff5b9a548ab442"><ix:continuation id="Text_4a608a82aca84b65acdd2ca18c27979e27">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z90e632ccac3d4b409031cb88c0a7f5a1">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Quarterly Cash Dividend</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Dividend</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Class of Common Stock</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dividend Paid Date</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shareholders of Record as of Date</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_a12e576213fe42e0ae001c24a637e133" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_5f83729fcec6474398173032d974dff2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">June 27, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_cab8b69fec684e99bc34191f9083104a" contextRef="c20180621to20180621_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_5371f3a3109f4673af7147f4b6a7ad1e" contextRef="c20180621to20180621_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.34</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" id="Fact_00522f0548e1430e941dddd1a708b4c2" contextRef="c20180718to20180718" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.2</ix:nonFraction> million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_1c16bb4605634b22bebde041f409873d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_d99cf6b77e174319a36389211a68a1e1" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 24, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_568157f1ced44df4b84411e77093d8da" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_c221930363a9415590ce3c5096703be0" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">September 26, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_1050da9f4e814012ab0cbb98c68582cf" contextRef="c20180926to20180926_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_fe646a6e9d0945a4bbe98cc2ce117e57" contextRef="c20180926to20180926_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.34</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" id="Fact_c410bd428064463ea48bd33e8095c5fc" contextRef="c20181024to20181024" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.1</ix:nonFraction> million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_63553cddd05e4319b61ee844e83ab669" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_2ff4fd5a176e4220a9b662d4f9eb8ee6" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">October 8, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_8fcceeb8631b4436b949cdb16f27da81" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_9e754be4d1c3436e94d3fb63e99b316a" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">December 18, 2019</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_437d0f28026a478e838477baa1da9ed5" contextRef="c20181219to20181219_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_1e0894670759438a95a4db7bb3240bc8" contextRef="c20181219to20181219_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.34</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" id="Fact_8bfbe95928be4d2b92857a3524325623" contextRef="c20190116to20190116" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.0</ix:nonFraction> million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_6742ac24dc5b4599ace478d0562edb40" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_3748f540abf74929b3749284ef628cb3" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">January 16, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_12ef51be1c4445cc962e83fef9aff630" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_f634ec9b3266481f9d8790b4c3c56619" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">March 18, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" id="Fact_748871e0bcf049b0810da62b625f1231" contextRef="c20190417to20190417" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.0</ix:nonFraction> million</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>95</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div><a id="Note20"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_ec7205cac6344b4483215c32401af05f" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef1">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 20 &#8211; Segment Information</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which continues to include the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Academic &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which includes our Online Program Management and mthree <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses</span>. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280. These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates our business performance and manages the operations.</div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" id="Text_ca2f3712e1b04807803bd6131149eaa2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_f3f22f9a65fd44e8b71f5715001d5adf1"><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef6" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef7">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Segment information is as follows:</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_6edc64d8c34e4949b922f5df6815bc79" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">169,119</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_d3189389458a4d52980fbf2753b9ff85" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">259,754</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_01c5404a1be9447fb7a8c643682a386b" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">272,904</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_d406edf02d6d423db95504ecb8441e36" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">74,176</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_9abe9791ab90439792249f42e191752d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">146,265</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_c1551a81b4034fa9ade6679e5db20305" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">144,041</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_0df07201c3094b7a937f3343a4ecca62" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">117,515</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_c93f717bdcd440d8956ec2a9f3bbdf9c" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,272</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_b2bf0a58762f4cdfaba7cce37151f693" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,899</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_a3a46b3d13c64cfea286758b9da567d7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">125,780</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_7e9bf550e4884fa39d0789958114d383" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">392,747</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:ContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_2880c397495e474bb23d19da53f3a0da" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">415,046</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_1485d6c61e3142498ae45e288ac16a3f" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">147,404</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_a6d8f9118c564628adc522b6ab6bc2c6" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">155,885</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_a89a5320a1bf4c6fba9ecf7fb441c5cb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,844</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_29f5e11b1b2a476aadc1faf0420129e9" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">12,883</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_71656487a52848958520c3c084d7a503" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_31b16d3fb25b449eb17840adcf84ba5b" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">395,406</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss" id="Fact_19359537d98c4e67904ce51f18fc4c45" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">434,041</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Depreciation and Amortization:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_c4587ef52f3a4e5c98184313fc29d0c4" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">54,805</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_8f466202f3d948c19f938ebb9576c895" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">69,807</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_8f897e0920f94a4dbab0052a376c1c4c" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">68,126</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_efe7546a9cf34d12980d4c2bbf9797cc" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">72,274</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_2a71988aca5c479b833709efcdba5c1e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24,131</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_a5bb21d0590648fdb08311b8b98ff7dc" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,117</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_ee3438fb08524042aa7d910981ba0398" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,112</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_8df59d1ce1074ecb9bc151458d3572cd" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">163,433</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_7c513ab29a4c47d5b92f0afbd646b905" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">147,132</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" id="Fact_71f60b0972f14ecca38ed24d71821f83" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">140,191</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjusted EBITDA:<sup> (2)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_7bfecdda4e654a40a7d22ad2bf7101d8" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">321,774</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_620257ffcbf840b38145b80eb82e4245" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">332,966</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_2a581995c28c4a729719d304f6825394" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">154,453</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_349660d2f191483186390e6f884123e5" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">215,530</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_f85e972ebbef4774b4cc1519183cd2c3" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">228,159</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_e8cf208641354eceafc08abf79ef488e" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">20,287</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_4b1d76ed53a0449eb198ecbc8f2a9e5f" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,234</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_3948a31192f34824a45b0df983232c02" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,107</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_ea94214380294776927a89ab5c231cab" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">509,588</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_331517489a4b408385af56a7eee86181" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">542,538</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_4d0bae549cbb42c1899b0e51f885f313" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">574,232</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_60078f6df2ae450db53406ead974eaa8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">153,793</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_a76e2b8d945b40ca89c99e5a186b2c32" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">154,276</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_f46c4a3283664290b71710886b9e1559" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">156,616</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_b310cc6d6cb24c08a5a54f6b5d032813" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">355,795</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_6513467b580343beab3a884781461c00" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">388,262</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="jwa:AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" id="Fact_b2d467d68bc740e299a896467f6a2a4e" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">417,616</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8c7afb1eb3b44229972a32d4c5224c5b">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_d046f8ca2ae44a73acdb2217f7a6c8f0" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to (Loss) Profit adjusted for restructuring charges and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; and Note 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#8221; for these charges by segment.</ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z7569d607270046b79ccf7ec98b67d3ea">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_e00e199f8ae64d9cb5fd29e12c37582e" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.</ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>96</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
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</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="jwa:ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" id="Text_785c0e94fb48443ca44512aed21ab6c7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_7964962816bc4a639c53f9cfc6162e661"><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef13" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef14">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table shows a reconciliation of our consolidated U.S. GAAP net (loss) income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:</div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z680fb9787b36437dbf99f38c2475fadc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">For the Years Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_95b84f2b955f4499a209898ab3dc42c2" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">74,287</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_bbd6727278f14e2fbf1df03dcdece3a4" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">168,263</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_c65f78e09964467da250a948e27ce805" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">192,186</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestExpense" id="Fact_5063a4cde4584d88a1301105dad73c0c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">24,959</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestExpense" id="Fact_cea251fa54e24564a4930f447e4e5dea" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">16,121</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestExpense" id="Fact_272ef7942c394aef82f094f423612dae" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">13,274</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Provision for income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_6a49eb6a11a6481abd13c49690a716e8" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">11,195</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_f8a0c07839b24e7bb3e9755b3656af07" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44,689</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" id="Fact_853759dc89df48f2bd4b545019320309" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">21,745</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef15" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef16">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.</div>
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<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_40cc7acfeed640a48b6f709c7c8437312"><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef18" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef19">
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Product Development Spending and Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_eaa5068639f84e32869515b71147c658" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,160</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_9a782f12a7624715bf8bc4c6d6c88f33" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_OperatingSegmentsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,991</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_2134ba0e158a49b0825d10b25e39035d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">60,030</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_ae61464cd6e94325b3c03b55baf35c0d" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">53,168</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_407be8f8093a44ada78c652dd6a576bc" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">76,151</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_b51f656098e3414291635a4da45c1b19" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">115,201</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" id="Fact_2fe167526a2f4f408f419aacaffd53a1" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">150,728</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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</ix:continuation></ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef19" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef20">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock" id="Text_f7140762f918454ab43e6a915c3f488d" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_ef9f73a83d674d0380f3e200366ecbb41"><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef20" continuedAt="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef21">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue from external customers is based on the location of the customer and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net by geographic area were as follows:</div>
</ix:continuation></ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_ef9f73a83d674d0380f3e200366ecbb41"><ix:continuation id="Text_cd60970c8726482097a54a13d009acef21">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z24c1da63cae443359d54fc5c694157f2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Revenue, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Technology, Property and Equipment, Net</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_2e619f4d9b504202aaa57e6211437893" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">944,075</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_3306c856bc8746ddac31c96d695f84d1" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_US" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">932,927</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_69705bc841c84789b18d2df115cc9b23" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_AU" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">73,718</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_ee127ec934ca4ad4a072e0a62d5f7ddc" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_AU" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">77,453</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_7ba3863c571f46b59ceca4bbae1617b5" contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_ScandinaviaMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">29,682</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_138ae2155c424331b8613702bec72d64" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_ScandinaviaMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">30,971</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_b5e7907485fa4bf5aa093209e6a51b0b" contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_OtherCountriesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">276,479</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_4ac9218441344364bee91cbba524ab48" contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_OtherCountriesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">284,434</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_4a1f61f71d0c4a199652d6f2a09d0d43" contextRef="c20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_OtherCountriesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">5,604</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_d4962b5773014d778e61a0288aeb5432" contextRef="c20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_OtherCountriesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">4,302</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_23222173d1dc46289f0e1f929014abda" contextRef="c20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_OtherCountriesMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3,844</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_5cc434a441af411ebffcff5f55725be7" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,831,483</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_4c633f46584947d487c406ead464ab44" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,800,069</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_dddc52ec5c724f83a53bc1c3f24baf94" contextRef="c20170501to20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1,796,103</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_3a2734bedfa441b78f074a7850d494ce" contextRef="c20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">298,005</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_2d118e96879b4a5994f8c54ad1de6ef3" contextRef="c20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">289,021</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" id="Fact_f1d5fa31ad794bc1b8bbd91f3a21e432" contextRef="c20180430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">289,934</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation></ix:continuation></div>
<div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>97</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div><a id="Note21"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:QuarterlyFinancialInformationTextBlock" id="Text_5c7468ec9b884584977d128e9b62ed06" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_6cdad4106e0a4766a8bc81955e0c6ee41">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 21 &#8211; Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited)</div>
</ix:nonNumeric><ix:continuation id="Text_6cdad4106e0a4766a8bc81955e0c6ee41" continuedAt="Text_6cdad4106e0a4766a8bc81955e0c6ee42">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfQuarterlyFinancialInformationTableTextBlock" id="Text_c8bbdd3c739a4885b97517b86e657036" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_590af4e9fe0347e489c55a1cc80e101b1"><ix:continuation id="Text_6cdad4106e0a4766a8bc81955e0c6ee42" continuedAt="Text_6cdad4106e0a4766a8bc81955e0c6ee43">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze5fdfc9148ca40f7b0fdd9cbb99262d2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Amounts in millions, except per share data</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">First Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_4420d33f04924af2838e33639c03adc9" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">423.5</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" id="Fact_ffd0f27502d44d46b5cd1659f6f68e32" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">410.9</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Second Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Year ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Year ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" id="Fact_419e5740b5184c15940d05f712a12250" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">224.0</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">First Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_a0f7c4bbf3a841449755471dccc1d4f9" contextRef="c20190501to20190731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">3.6</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_45db4be72e4b4b0a84963876278b7aaf" contextRef="c20180501to20180731" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">26.3</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Second Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_098612b27d094b7db3b8da27b4414a5e" contextRef="c20190801to20191031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">44.7</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_5ac44115d2604d418f4e1111f1e8fcbb" contextRef="c20180801to20181031" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">43.8</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Third Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_77db64052d5d4c9d916ae5e22486d47b" contextRef="c20191101to20200131" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">35.4</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_ef4c4b8e7e7945048f0156c7e92af7e5" contextRef="c20181101to20190131" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">34.9</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fourth Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_4404d08602e74a70a3c5fdf1d3254178" contextRef="c20200201to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">158.0</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_0b239a098a234cf3b7161eb092e71a8a" contextRef="c20190201to20190430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">63.3</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Year ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" id="Fact_907f658569a445c080057454cb1e6788" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" sign="-" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">74.3</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" id="Fact_f89384a52a61494c853f17da4978991c" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" sign="-" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">1.32</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" id="Fact_a141100461dd4e32988b1dcf8e1fd7c6" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.94</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" id="Fact_b0499f70878f47be8a6856bb0c747414" contextRef="c20180501to20190430" unitRef="U003" decimals="2" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">2.91</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div><br /></div>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z66900d5ab4fa405f97882ce41204950f">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_40106635eecf4b75b8ecb49035f76135" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts may not agree to the respective annual amounts due to rounding.</ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdad6b3e497094833ac9f526b38418e43">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_154b4168017943189f526879838deea7" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US">In calculating diluted net (loss) earnings per common share for the fourth quarter and year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive. This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive. </ix:footnote></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<div><a id="Note22"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock" id="Text_2679cf039bce45ac9928b7fd7f9f5669" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_83f0f2b4dda54ed6880acfe913b0afad1">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 22 &#8211; Subsequent Events</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dividend:</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_273ec4a4765f41678a2481dfa573f669" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_1c043fa6198140cba546eb7377dc41d8" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">June 25, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric>, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_d15eaca638a74808ad26b3649a07180c" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="4" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" id="Fact_56d04e8677864e1f8f74d32c1f768bd4" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" unitRef="U003" decimals="4" scale="0" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">0.3425</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction> per share, or approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" id="Fact_85c91f51c15e40f9ace192de7cd569f0" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-5" scale="6" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">19.1</ix:nonFraction> million, on our Class A and Class B Common Stock.&#160; The dividend is payable on <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_79ce3281a78f47f9b9b7ee9e987f249f" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_e8883b3b579e42e596faebae9a225570" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 22, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric> to shareholders of record on <ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_ff67777b915f46f99ce8bcff46624ab5" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen"><ix:nonNumeric name="us-gaap:DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear" id="Fact_3657b7b2f4844cfb9e427cc9d2fb6d83" contextRef="c20200625to20200625_DividendsAxis_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen">July 7, 2020</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric>.</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>98</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item9"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">None</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item9A"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 9A. Controls and Procedures</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Disclosure Controls and Procedures:</span> The Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, together with the Chief Accounting Officer and other members of the Company's management, have conducted an evaluation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act") as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting: </span>Our Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act.&#160; Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based upon the framework in Internal Control &#8211; Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as of April 30, 2020.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and, as part of their audit, has issued their report, included herein, on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting:</span> During fiscal year 2020, we closed on the acquisition of mthree. We excluded mthree from the scope of management&#8217;s report on internal control over financial reporting for the year ended April 30, 2020. We are in the process of integrating mthree to our overall internal control over financial reporting and will include them in scope for the year ending April 30, 2021. This process may result in additions or changes to our internal control over financial reporting. mthree represented less than 1% of total consolidated assets, excluding goodwill and intangible assets which are included within the scope of assessment, and approximately 1% of total consolidated revenues of the Company as of and for the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are in the process of implementing a new global ERP that will enhance our business and financial processes and standardize our information systems. As previously disclosed, we have completed the implementation of record-to-report, purchase-to-pay and several other business processes within all locations through fiscal year 2017. We completed the implementation of order-to-cash for certain businesses in May 2018 and may continue to roll out additional processes and functionality of the ERP in phases in the foreseeable future.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As with any new information system we implement, this application, along with the internal controls over financial reporting included in this process, will require testing for effectiveness. In connection with this ERP implementation, we are updating our internal controls over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate modifications to our business processes and accounting procedures. We do not believe that the ERP implementation will have an adverse effect on our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Except as described above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item9B"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 9B. Other Information</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">None</div>
<div><br /></div>
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<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>99</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART III</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item10"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For information with respect to Executive Officers of the Company, see &#8220;Information About Our Executive Officers&#8221; as set forth in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The name, age, and background of each of the directors nominated for election are contained under the caption &#8220;Election of Directors&#8221; in the Proxy Statement for our 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (&#8220;2020 Proxy Statement&#8221;) and are incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information on the audit committee financial experts is contained in the 2020 Proxy Statement under the caption &#8220;Report of the Audit Committee&#8221; and is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information on the Audit Committee Charter is contained in the 2020 Proxy Statement under the caption &#8220;Committees of the Board of Directors and Certain Other Information concerning the Board.&#8221;</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information with respect to the Company's Corporate Governance principles is publicly available on the Company's Corporate Governance website at <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">https://www.wiley.com/en-us/corporategovernance.</span></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item11"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 11. Executive Compensation</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information on compensation of the directors and executive officers is contained in the 2020 Proxy Statement under the captions &#8220;Directors' Compensation&#8221; and &#8220;Executive Compensation,&#8221; respectively, and is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item12"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information on the beneficial ownership reporting for the directors and executive officers is contained under the caption "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" within the "Beneficial Ownership of Directors and Management" section of the 2020 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. Information on the beneficial ownership reporting for all other shareholders that own 5% of more of the Company's Class A or Class B Common Stock is contained under the caption "Voting Securities, Record Date, Principal Holders" in the 2020 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the Company's equity compensation plan information as of April 30, 2020:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6142a4450ef341faa70ed076ecb941b8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Plan Category</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Securities to be</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Issued Upon Exercise</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Outstanding Options,</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Warrants and Rights </span><sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exercise Price of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Outstanding Options,</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Warrants and Rights</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Securities Remaining</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Available for Future</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Issuance Under Equity</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Compensation Plans </span><sup>(2)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,228,430</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50.14</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,501,116</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<div><br /></div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6fc92f79ed02485e85a8b5e8ee4dc494">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">This amount includes the following awards issued under the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan:</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zaa93e09deff74c1a97f2db2ad4efd8b4">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 27pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">286,064 shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options with a weighted average exercise price of $50.14.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z2b17a58edb7245f08fd3d93b31795cab">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 27pt;"></td>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">942,366 non-vested performance-based and other restricted stock awards. Since these awards have no exercise price, they are not included in the weighted average exercise price calculation.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div><br /></div>
</div>
<div>
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z2822c1ba2a5641c98df2ba5392ecf672">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2)</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Per the terms of the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan (&#8220;Plan&#8221;), a total of 6,500,000 shares shall be authorized for awards granted under the Plan, less one (1) share for every one (1) share that was subject to an option or stock appreciation right granted after April 30, 2014 under the 2009 Key Employee Stock Plan and 1.76 Shares for every one (1) share that was subject to an award other than an option or stock appreciation right granted after April 30, 2014 under the 2009 Key Employee Stock Plan.&#160;Any shares that are subject to options or stock appreciation rights shall be counted against this limit as one (1) share for every one (1) share granted, and any shares that are subject to awards other than options or stock appreciation rights shall be counted against this limit as 1.76 Shares for every one (1) share granted.&#160;After the Effective Date of the Plan, no awards may be granted under the 2009 Key Employee Stock Plan.&#160;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div><br /></div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All of the Company's equity compensation plans are approved by shareholders.</div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>100</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item13"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information on related party transactions and the policies and procedures for reviewing and approving related party transactions are contained under the caption &#8220;Transactions with Related Persons&#8221; within the &#8220;Board and Committee Oversight of Risk&#8221; section of the 2020 Proxy Statement and are incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information on director independence is contained under the caption &#8220;Director Independence&#8221; within the &#8220;Board of Directors and Corporate Governance&#8221; section of the 2020 Proxy Statement.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item14"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Information required by this item is contained in the 2020 Proxy Statement under the caption &#8220;Report of the Audit Committee&#8221; and is incorporated herein by reference.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>101</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PART IV</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item15"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(a)&#160;Documents filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form&#160;10-K:</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1) Financial Statements</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedule of this Annual Report on Form&#160;10-K.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2) Financial Statement Schedule</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Schedule&#160;II&#160;&#8212; Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves&#160;&#8212; Years Ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 of this Annual Report on Form&#160;10-K. The other schedules are omitted as they are not applicable, or the amounts involved are not material.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3) Exhibits</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -45pt; margin-left: 45pt;"><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z9fd57984c16045fcb344092b092e5268">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(a)</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedule of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are filed as part of this report.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(b)</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exhibits</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3.1</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714018000021/exhibit3_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restated Certificate of Incorporation</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 1992).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3.2</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/0000107140-96-000013.txt" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation dated October 13, 1995</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 1996).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3.3</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/0000107140-98-000010.txt" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation dated as of September 1998</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 1998).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3.4</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714099000016/0000107140-99-000016.txt" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation dated as of September 1999</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 1999).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">3.5</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714018000021/exhibit3_5.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amended and Restated By-Laws dated as of September 2007</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2018).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.1</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000016/exhibit10_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated May 30, 2019, among the Company and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, and L/C Issuer, and the lenders and other agents party thereto</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 8-K filed on June 5, 2019).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.2</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714014000032/exhibit32_3.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Agreement of the Lease dated as of July 14, 2014 between Hub Properties Trust as Landlord, an independent third party and John Wiley and Sons, Inc as Tenant</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended July 31, 2014).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.3</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000026/exhibit10_3.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2018 Director Stock Plan</a>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2019).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.4</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714014000040/exhibit10_2.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2014 Executive Annual Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 2014).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.5</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714014000040/exhibit10_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amended 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 31, 2014).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.6</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: middle;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714010000020/exh10.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan as Amended and Restated effective as of January 1, 2009</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2010).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.7</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amendments<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714010000041/exh10.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714010000041/exhh.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">B</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> to the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan as Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended July 31, 2010).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.8</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714013000023/exhibit108.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Resolution amending the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan to Cease Accruals and Freeze Participation effective June 30, 2013</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2013)</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.9</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: middle;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714010000020/exhibit10.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Supplemental Benefit Plan Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2009, including amendments through August 1, 2010</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended January 31, 2011).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.10</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: middle;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714013000023/exhibit1010.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Resolution amending the Supplemental Benefit (Retirement) Plan to Cease Accruals and Freeze Participation effective June 30, 2013</a>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">(incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2013).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.11</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: middle;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714010000020/exhi10.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Compensation Plan as Amended and Restated Effective as of January 1, 2008</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2010).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.12</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: middle;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714013000023/exhibit1012.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Resolution amending the Deferred Compensation Plan effective July 1, 2013</a> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2013).</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>102</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="zf6c95ce5c5814014bb846e9340bd2c8a">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.13</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714005000110/serp120605.txt" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors' 2005 &amp; After Compensation</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Report on Form 8-K, filed December 21, 2005).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.14</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000026/exhibit10_14.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2020 Qualified Executive Long Term Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2019).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.15</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000026/exhibit10_15.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2020 Qualified Executive Annual Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2019).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.16</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000026/exhibit10_16.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2020 Executive Annual Strategic Milestones Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2019).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.17</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714018000021/exhibit10_14.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2019 Qualified Executive Long Term Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2018).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.18</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714018000021/exhibit10_15.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2019 Qualified Executive Annual Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2018).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.19</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714018000021/exhibit10_16.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2019 Executive Annual Strategic Milestones Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2018).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.20</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714017000026/fy18eltipexhibit10_14.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2018 Qualified Executive Long Term Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2017).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.21</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714017000026/fy18eaipexhibit10_15.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2018 Qualified Executive Annual Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2017).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.22</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714017000026/fy18stratplanexhibit10_16.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Form of the Fiscal Year 2018 Executive Annual Strategic Milestones Incentive Plan</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2017).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.23</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714003000011/a10k2003.txt" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Senior Executive Employment Agreement to Arbitrate dated as of April 29, 2003</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2003).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.24</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714003000011/a10k2003.txt" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Senior Executive Non-competition and Non-Disclosure Agreement dated as of April 29, 2003</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2003).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.25</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714015000012/exhibit10_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Senior Executive Employment Agreement dated as of April 15, 2015 between Mark Allin and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 8-K dated as of April 15, 2015).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.26</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714017000036/mja_sra.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Separation and Release Agreement, effective June 9, 2017, between Mark Allin, former President and Chief Executive Officer and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended July 31, 2017).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.27</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714013000012/ex1029.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Senior executive Employment Agreement dated as of May 20, 2013 between John A. Kritzmacher and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 8-K dated as of June 4, 2013).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.28</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714017000036/jk_empag.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Addendum to the Employment Agreement, effective June 26, 2017, between John A. Kritzmacher, and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended July 31, 2017).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.29</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714011000016/ex10.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Senior executive Employment Agreement letter dated as of March 15, 2004, between Gary M. Rinck and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2011).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.30</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000026/exhibit10_30.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employment Letter dated September 26, 2016 between Judy Verses, Executive Vice President, and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2019).</span></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.31</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714017000044/napackemployment.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employment Letter dated October 12, 2017 between Brian A. Napack, President and Chief Executive Officer, and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended October 31, 2017).</span></div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">10.32</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/107140/000010714019000004/exhibit10_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employment Letter dated February 5, 2019 between Matthew Kissner, Group Executive, and the Company</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> (incorporated by reference to the Company&#8217;s Report on Form 8-K filed on February 7, 2019).</span></div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="exhibit21.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">List of Subsidiaries of the Company.</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="exhibit23.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">23</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consent of KPMG LLP.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="exhibit31_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31.1</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="exhibit31_2.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31.2</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="exhibit32_1.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32.1</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a href="exhibit32_2.htm" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32.2</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">*</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.INS</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.SCH</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.CAL</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.DEF</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.LAB</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">101.PRE</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 9.91%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">104**</div></td>
    <td style="width: 90.09%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101</span></div></td>
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<div><br /></div>
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    <td style="width: 13.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">*</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Filed herewith</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>103</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="Item16"><!--Anchor--></a>Item 16. Form 10-K Summary</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">None.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2) Financial Statement Schedule</div>
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<div><a id="ScheduleII"><!--Anchor--></a><ix:nonNumeric name="srt:ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock" id="Text_59bee7cfe6dd4541b35cfad96f18a3cb" contextRef="c20190501to20200430" escape="true" continuedAt="Text_6b38eeeaf66d44b6bcf56a445b07f9751">
<div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Schedule II</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FOR THE YEARS ENDED APRIL 30, 2020, 2019, AND 2018</div>
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<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Dollars in thousands)</div>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" id="Fact_3cc232b7a56443b49bbbbd685279e264" contextRef="c20180430_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_InventoryValuationReserveMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">18,193</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" id="Fact_5b52455cfce54e83ad788fe8b25e4448" contextRef="c20180430_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember" unitRef="U001" decimals="-3" scale="3" format="ixt:numdotdecimal">8,811</ix:nonFraction></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Year Ended April 30, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" valign="bottom" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6b38eeeaf66d44b6bcf56a445b07f9757" continuedAt="Text_6b38eeeaf66d44b6bcf56a445b07f9758">
<div><br /></div>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6b38eeeaf66d44b6bcf56a445b07f9758" continuedAt="Text_6b38eeeaf66d44b6bcf56a445b07f9759">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z087934ca3f5e490eb3150bdac70e127f">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_9653aee2139741a78dbaa9918cfc4632" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595791">Allowance for Sales Returns represents anticipated returns net of a recovery of inventory and royalty costs. The provision is reported as a reduction of gross sales to arrive at revenue and the reserve balance is reported as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net (in the year ended April 30, 2018) with a corresponding increase in Inventories, net and a reduction in Accrued Royalties for the years ended April 30, </ix:footnote></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595791" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595792">2020</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595792" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595793">, </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595793" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595794">2019</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595794" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595795"> and </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595795" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595796">2018</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595796" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595797">. Due to the adoption of the revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of April 30, </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595797" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595798">2020</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595798" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595799"> and 2019 is recorded in Contract Liabilities. </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c595799" continuedAt="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c5957910">In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_65ce51c5f9a648c4b9cbdbf9e5c5957910">. See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</ix:continuation></span></div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
</ix:continuation><ix:continuation id="Text_6b38eeeaf66d44b6bcf56a445b07f9759">
<table style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" class="DSPFListTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za52fae51e429433fad8602e83ddae4a2">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:footnote id="Foot_f1282f0795b1471987aa2dc72e4bdd17" footnoteRole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xml:lang="en-US" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4271">Deductions From Reserves and Other for the years ended April 30, </ix:footnote></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4271" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4272">2020</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4272" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4273">, </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4273" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4274">2019</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4274" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4275"> and </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4275" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4276">2018</ix:continuation><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4276" continuedAt="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4277"> include foreign exchange translation adjustments. Included in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts are accounts written off, less recoveries. Included in Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence are items removed from inventory. Included in Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets for the year ended April 30, 2019 are </ix:continuation></span><ix:continuation id="Foot_ede9da40142040d2abfba9b90f90a4277">foreign tax credits generated and valuation allowances needed in connection with the Tax Act.</ix:continuation></div></td>
  </tr>
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</ix:continuation></div>
<div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;">
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>104</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
</div>
<div style="page-break-after:always;"><hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;" /></div>
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<div><br /></div>
<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><a id="SIGNATURES"><!--Anchor--></a>SIGNATURES</div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.</div>
<div><br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;" id="z8abba231db784abf8d6fe5093929ac9d">
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    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 37%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.</div>
<div><br /></div>
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    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27.05%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.26%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10.13%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 2.48%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Director</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 44.79%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 13.3%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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<div><br /></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span>105</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="#INDEX" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Index</a></div>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-21
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<FILENAME>exhibit21.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 21
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    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 21</div>
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          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 150.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 132.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">CrossKnowledge Group Limited</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United Kingdom</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 96.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Blackwell Science (Overseas Holdings)</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United Kingdom</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 114.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Wiley &amp; Sons A/S</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Denmark</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 114.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Blackwell Verlag GmbH</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 114.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Wiley Publishing Japan KK</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Japan</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 114.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Wiley Publishing Australia Pty Ltd.</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Australia</div>
          </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 73.74%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 114.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">John Wiley and Sons Australia, Ltd.</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 26.26%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Australia</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z5cd8dea1bf1343efa67897f464c025c2" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The names of other subsidiaries that would not constitute a significant subsidiary in the aggregate have been omitted.</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-23
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>exhibit23.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 23
<TEXT>
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  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
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         Document created using EDGARfilings PROfile 7.0.0.0
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    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">
      <hr align="center" style="border: none; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-top: 4px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 23</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The </font>Board of Directors<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br>
      </font>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.:</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a name="z_Hlk43031211"><!--Anchor--></a>We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 33-62605,
      333-93691, 333-123359, and 333-167697) on Form S-8 of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. of our reports dated June 26, 2020, with respect to the consolidated statements of financial position of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. as of April&#160;30, 2020 and 2019, the
      related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows, and shareholders&#8217; equity for each of the years in the three-year period ended April&#160;30, 2020, and the related notes and financial statement schedule, and the effectiveness
      of internal control over financial reporting as of April&#160;30, 2020, which reports appear in the April&#160;30, 2020 annual report on Form 10-K of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our report dated June 26, 2020, on the consolidated financial statements refers to a change in the method of accounting for leases
      effective May&#160;1, 2019 due to the adoption of Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) Topic 842,&#160;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Leases</font>. Our report on the consolidated financial
      statements also refers to a change in the method of accounting for revenue recognition&#160;effective May 1, 2018 due to the adoption of ASC Topic 606, <font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Revenue
        from Contracts with Customers</font>.</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our report dated June 26, 2020, on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting contains an explanatory paragraph
      that states the Company acquired mthree during the year ended April 30, 2020, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020, mthree&#8217;s internal control
      over financial reporting. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of mthree.</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ KPMG LLP</div>
    <div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">New York, New York<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"><br>
      </font><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">June 26, 2020</font></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>exhibit31_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
    <!-- Licensed to: JOHN WILEY AND SONS, INC.
         Document created using EDGARfilings PROfile 7.0.0.0
         Copyright 1995 - 2020 Broadridge -->
  </head>
<body style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">
  <div id="TRGRSegment:9df380c2-c4d8-4688-b172-13fd30627d17">
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">
      <hr align="center" style="border: none; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-top: 4px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 31.1</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</u></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I, Brian A. Napack, certify that:</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
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        <tr>
          <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z8073dc1987244c228ae1ca31d4c7f0cd" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in
              light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z63212f2b7d7d4b45a552762ea502bb69" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial
              condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z3c77d42b9355476994400bb6f0f6b5ae" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
              13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z27a26c9841a34b609a3dc323f6c5ca85" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
              information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z17e51dbb1563422a9070f44d3058d8fd" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">b.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
              reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z7ac2afed40564567bdac3429b3e4f554" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">c.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
              disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zab1f8683800845d0b3f14e3ee9473015" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">d.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&#8217;s most recent fiscal quarter (the
              registrant&#8217;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting; and</div>
          </td>
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    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z752f93ba8466462199291cc5cb539c0d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 18pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant&#8217;s
              auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&#8217;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</div>
          </td>
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    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z186e780f3b1f4094a86ab7ddf140415d" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
              affect the registrant&#8217;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="zd7509200771047bb9a87c25d3c105749" class="DSPFListTable" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 36pt;"></td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">b.</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;">
            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial
              reporting.</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="z5e119eed621a44149d04988bd2c674fb" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">

        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">By:</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brian A. Napack</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">President and Chief Executive Officer</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td style="width: 2.8%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 0.97%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
          <td style="width: 42.03%; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dated:&#160;June 26, 2020</div>
          </td>
          <td style="width: 54.2%; vertical-align: top;">&#160;</td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div><br>
    </div>
  </div>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>exhibit31_2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
    <!-- Licensed to: JOHN WILEY AND SONS, INC.
         Document created using EDGARfilings PROfile 7.0.0.0
         Copyright 1995 - 2020 Broadridge -->
  </head>
<body style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">
  <div id="TRGRSegment:47cced0e-d344-4d4e-b2ee-04313bd1d530">
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">
      <hr align="center" style="border: none; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-top: 4px solid black; height: 10px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #ffffff; text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> <br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 31.2</div>
    <div><br>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><u>CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</u></div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I, John A. Kritzmacher, certify that:</div>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.;</div>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in
              light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</div>
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          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.</td>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial
              condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</div>
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          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4.</td>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
              13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</div>
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          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">a.</td>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&#8217;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&#8217;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&#8217;s most recent fiscal quarter (the
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The registrant&#8217;s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant&#8217;s
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ John A. Kritzmacher</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>exhibit32_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
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      Exhibit 32.1</div>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In connection with the Annual Report of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2020 as filed with the
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</div>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and&#160;results of operations of the Company.</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">/s/ Brian A. Napack</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Brian A. Napack</div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dated:&#160;June 26, 2020</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.2
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>exhibit32_2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>&#160;</title>
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    <div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 32.2</div>
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    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</div>
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    <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In connection with the Annual Report of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) on Form 10-K for the year ended April 30, 2020 as filed with the
      Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the &#8220;Report&#8221;), I, John A. Kritzmacher, <font style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</div>
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            <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.</div>
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    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div><br>
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    <div><br>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><font style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Interim Chief Accounting Officer</font></div>
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            <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dated:&#160;June 26, 2020</div>
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        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>081700 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/StockbasedCompensationTables" id="StockbasedCompensationTables">
        <!--Parent Role: Stock-Based Compensation-->
        <link:definition>081800 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/CapitalStockAndChangesInCapitalAccountsTables" id="CapitalStockAndChangesInCapitalAccountsTables">
        <!--Parent Role: Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts-->
        <link:definition>081900 - Disclosure - Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SegmentInformationTables" id="SegmentInformationTables">
        <!--Parent Role: Segment Information-->
        <link:definition>082000 - Disclosure - Segment Information (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SupplementaryQuarterlyFinancialInformationResultsByQuarterUnauditedTables" id="SupplementaryQuarterlyFinancialInformationResultsByQuarterUnauditedTables">
        <!--Parent Role: Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited)-->
        <link:definition>082100 - Disclosure - Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited) (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesRecentlyIssuedAndRecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsDetails" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesRecentlyIssuedAndRecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards-->
        <link:definition>090200 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesRecentlyIssuedAndRecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsRecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsDetails" id="SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesRecentlyIssuedAndRecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsRecentlyAdoptedAndIssuedAccountingStandardsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards-->
        <link:definition>090202 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards, Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards (Details)</link:definition>
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        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersDisaggregationOfRevenueDetails" id="RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersDisaggregationOfRevenueDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers-->
        <link:definition>090300 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Disaggregation of Revenue (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersDescriptionOfRevenueGeneratingActivitiesDetails" id="RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersDescriptionOfRevenueGeneratingActivitiesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers-->
        <link:definition>090302 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Description of Revenue Generating Activities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersAccountsReceivableNetAndContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueBalancesDetails" id="RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersAccountsReceivableNetAndContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueBalancesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers-->
        <link:definition>090304 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) Balances (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersRemainingPerformanceObligationsAssetsRecognizedForCostsToObtainOrFulfillContractDetails" id="RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersRemainingPerformanceObligationsAssetsRecognizedForCostsToObtainOrFulfillContractDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers-->
        <link:definition>090306 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Remaining Performance Obligations, Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersRemainingPerformanceObligationsAssetsRecognizedForCostsToObtainOrFulfillContractDetailsDefault" id="RevenueRecognitionContractsWithCustomersRemainingPerformanceObligationsAssetsRecognizedForCostsToObtainOrFulfillContractDetailsDefault">
        <link:definition>090306 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Remaining Performance Obligations, Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract (Details)Default</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/AcquisitionsDetails" id="AcquisitionsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Acquisitions-->
        <link:definition>090400 - Disclosure - Acquisitions (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/ReconciliationOfWeightedAverageSharesOutstandingDetails" id="ReconciliationOfWeightedAverageSharesOutstandingDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding-->
        <link:definition>090500 - Disclosure - Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossDetails" id="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss-->
        <link:definition>090600 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossDetails" id="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss-->
        <link:definition>090602 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RestructuringAndRelatedChargesPretaxRestructuringChargesDetails" id="RestructuringAndRelatedChargesPretaxRestructuringChargesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Restructuring and Related Charges-->
        <link:definition>090700 - Disclosure - Restructuring and Related Charges, Pre-tax Restructuring Charges (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RestructuringAndRelatedChargesActivityForRestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramLiabilityDetails" id="RestructuringAndRelatedChargesActivityForRestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramLiabilityDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Restructuring and Related Charges-->
        <link:definition>090702 - Disclosure - Restructuring and Related Charges, Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program Liability (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/InventoriesDetails" id="InventoriesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Inventories-->
        <link:definition>090800 - Disclosure - Inventories (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/ProductDevelopmentAssetsDetails" id="ProductDevelopmentAssetsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Product Development Assets-->
        <link:definition>090900 - Disclosure - Product Development Assets (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/TechnologyPropertyAndEquipmentDetails" id="TechnologyPropertyAndEquipmentDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Technology, Property and Equipment-->
        <link:definition>091000 - Disclosure - Technology, Property and Equipment (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillDetails" id="GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Goodwill and Intangible Assets-->
        <link:definition>091100 - Disclosure - Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsDetails" id="GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Goodwill and Intangible Assets-->
        <link:definition>091102 - Disclosure - Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsDetailsCalc2" id="GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsDetailsCalc2">
        <!--Parent Role: Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets (Details)-->
        <link:definition>091104 - Disclosure - Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets (Details) Calc 2</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/OperatingLeasesDetails" id="OperatingLeasesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Operating Leases-->
        <link:definition>091200 - Disclosure - Operating Leases (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/OperatingLeasesDetailsCalc2" id="OperatingLeasesDetailsCalc2">
        <!--Parent Role: Operating Leases (Details)-->
        <link:definition>091202 - Disclosure - Operating Leases (Details) Calc 2</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetails" id="IncomeTaxesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Income Taxes-->
        <link:definition>091300 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsCalc2" id="IncomeTaxesDetailsCalc2">
        <!--Parent Role: Income Taxes (Details)-->
        <link:definition>091302 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details) Calc 2</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/DebtAndAvailableCreditFacilitiesDetails" id="DebtAndAvailableCreditFacilitiesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Debt and Available Credit Facilities-->
        <link:definition>091400 - Disclosure - Debt and Available Credit Facilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/DerivativeInstrumentsAndActivitiesDetails" id="DerivativeInstrumentsAndActivitiesDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Derivative Instruments and Activities-->
        <link:definition>091500 - Disclosure - Derivative Instruments and Activities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RetirementPlansRecentPlanCurtailmentsDetails" id="RetirementPlansRecentPlanCurtailmentsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>091700 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans, Recent Plan Curtailments (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RetirementPlansComponentsOfNetPensionExpenseIncomeAndWeightedaverageAssumptionsDetails" id="RetirementPlansComponentsOfNetPensionExpenseIncomeAndWeightedaverageAssumptionsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>091702 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans, Components of Net Pension Expense (Income) and Weighted-Average Assumptions (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RetirementPlansAmountsInAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossToBeRecognizedDuringNextFiscalYearDetails" id="RetirementPlansAmountsInAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossToBeRecognizedDuringNextFiscalYearDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>091704 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans, Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Be Recognized During Next Fiscal Year (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RetirementPlansChangesInAndStatusOfDefinedBenefitPlansAssetsAndBenefitObligationsDetails" id="RetirementPlansChangesInAndStatusOfDefinedBenefitPlansAssetsAndBenefitObligationsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>091706 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans, Changes in and Status of Defined Benefit Plans' Assets and Benefit Obligations (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RetirementPlansPensionPlanAssetsInvestmentsDetails" id="RetirementPlansPensionPlanAssetsInvestmentsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>091708 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans, Pension Plan Assets/Investments (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/RetirementPlansExpectedEmployerContributionsAndBenefitPaymentsAndOtherRetirementPlansDetails" id="RetirementPlansExpectedEmployerContributionsAndBenefitPaymentsAndOtherRetirementPlansDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Retirement Plans-->
        <link:definition>091710 - Disclosure - Retirement Plans, Expected Employer Contributions and Benefit Payments and Other Retirement Plans (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/StockbasedCompensationDetails" id="StockbasedCompensationDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Stock-Based Compensation-->
        <link:definition>091800 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/StockbasedCompensationStockOptionActivityDetails" id="StockbasedCompensationStockOptionActivityDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Stock-Based Compensation-->
        <link:definition>091802 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation, Stock Option Activity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/StockbasedCompensationPerformancebasedAndOtherRestrictedStockActivityDetails" id="StockbasedCompensationPerformancebasedAndOtherRestrictedStockActivityDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Stock-Based Compensation-->
        <link:definition>091804 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation, Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/StockbasedCompensationPresidentAndCeoNewHireEquityAwardsDetails" id="StockbasedCompensationPresidentAndCeoNewHireEquityAwardsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Stock-Based Compensation-->
        <link:definition>091806 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation, President and CEO New Hire Equity Awards (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/StockbasedCompensationDirectorStockAwardsDetails" id="StockbasedCompensationDirectorStockAwardsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Stock-Based Compensation-->
        <link:definition>091808 - Disclosure - Stock-Based Compensation, Director Stock Awards (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/CapitalStockAndChangesInCapitalAccountsDetails" id="CapitalStockAndChangesInCapitalAccountsDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts-->
        <link:definition>091900 - Disclosure - Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/CapitalStockAndChangesInCapitalAccountsCashDividendsPaidDetails" id="CapitalStockAndChangesInCapitalAccountsCashDividendsPaidDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts-->
        <link:definition>091902 - Disclosure - Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts, Cash Dividends Paid (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SegmentInformationDetails" id="SegmentInformationDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Segment Information-->
        <link:definition>092000 - Disclosure - Segment Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SegmentInformationReconciliationOfGaapNetIncomeToNongaapEbitdaAndAdjustedEbitdaDetails" id="SegmentInformationReconciliationOfGaapNetIncomeToNongaapEbitdaAndAdjustedEbitdaDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Segment Information-->
        <link:definition>092002 - Disclosure - Segment Information, Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SegmentInformationTotalAssetsBySegmentDetails" id="SegmentInformationTotalAssetsBySegmentDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Segment Information-->
        <link:definition>092004 - Disclosure - Segment Information, Total Assets by Segment (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SegmentInformationOtherSignificantReconcilingItemsBySegmentDetails" id="SegmentInformationOtherSignificantReconcilingItemsBySegmentDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Segment Information-->
        <link:definition>092006 - Disclosure - Segment Information, Other Significant Reconciling Items by Segment (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SegmentInformationRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndTechnologyPropertyAndEquipmentNetDetails" id="SegmentInformationRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndTechnologyPropertyAndEquipmentNetDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Segment Information-->
        <link:definition>092008 - Disclosure - Segment Information, Revenues from External Customers and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://wiley.com/role/SupplementaryQuarterlyFinancialInformationResultsByQuarterUnauditedDetails" id="SupplementaryQuarterlyFinancialInformationResultsByQuarterUnauditedDetails">
        <!--Parent Role: Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited)-->
        <link:definition>092100 - Disclosure - Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited) (Details)</link:definition>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_lbl1">Warrants to purchase shares, in connection with acquisition (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare to us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesIssued" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1">Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2">Number of shares issued, end of period (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesAuthorized to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:title="CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl">Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of period (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="CommonStockValue" xlink:title="CommonStockValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl">Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: CommonStockValue to us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl1">Common Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CommonStockValue to us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" xlink:title="CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl">Retirement Plans [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract to us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:label="ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:title="ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl">Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract to us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:title="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl">Comprehensive (Loss) Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl2">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:label="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:title="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1">Comprehensive Income (Loss) Note [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock to us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember" xlink:label="ComputerEquipmentMember" xlink:title="ComputerEquipmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl">Computer Hardware [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComputerEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ComputerEquipmentMember to us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl1">Computer Hardware [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ComputerEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ComputerEquipmentMember to us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl">Contract Asset and Liability Balances</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Sales return reserve recorded in contract liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Refund Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl">Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Contract liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Contract liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl">Revenue recognized from beginning contract liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl">Contract liabilities (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Asset, Credit Loss Expense (Reversal)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense to us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetCreditLossExpense_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember" xlink:label="ContractTerminationMember" xlink:title="ContractTerminationMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl">Consulting and Contract Termination Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractTerminationMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractTerminationMember to us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1">Contract Termination [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractTerminationMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractTerminationMember to us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" xlink:label="ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" xlink:title="ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl">Common stock class conversions and other</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl1">Conversion of Stock, Shares Issued</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1 to us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="CorporateMember" xlink:title="CorporateMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl">Corporate Expenses [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorporateMember to us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1">Corporate Segment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateMember to us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:label="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:title="CorporateNonSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl">Corporate Expenses [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorporateNonSegmentMember to us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1">Corporate [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorporateNonSegmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorporateNonSegmentMember to us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:label="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:title="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl">Cost of sales</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xlink:title="label: CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold to us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1">Cost of sales</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold to us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember" xlink:label="CostOfSalesMember" xlink:title="CostOfSalesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember_lbl">Cost of Sales [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostOfSalesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CostOfSalesMember to us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:label="CostsAndExpenses" xlink:title="CostsAndExpenses" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl">Total Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:title="label: CostsAndExpenses to us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CostsAndExpenses to us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:label="CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:title="CreditFacilityDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl">Credit Facility [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: CreditFacilityDomain to us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:title="CreditFacilityAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: CreditFacilityAxis to us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:title="CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl">U.S. - Federal</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:title="label: CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit to us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1">Current Federal Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit to us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:title="CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl">International</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:title="label: CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit to us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1">Current Foreign Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit to us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:title="CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl">State and Local</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1">Current State and Local Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl">Total Current Provision</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl1">Current Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateFairValueOfPlanAssets" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateFairValueOfPlanAssets" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateFairValueOfPlanAssets" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAbstract" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAbstract" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAbstract" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_lbl1">Net Pension Expense (Income)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_lbl">Fair Value, Measurement Frequency [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl">Level 1 [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1">Interest expense</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestExpense to us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl2">Interest Expense</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestIncomeMember to us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1">Interest Income [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestIncomeMember to us-gaap_InterestIncomeMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember" xlink:label="InterestRateSwapMember" xlink:title="InterestRateSwapMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember_lbl">Interest Rate Swaps [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:label="InterestPaidNet" xlink:title="InterestPaidNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl">Interest</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember" xlink:label="InterestExpenseMember" xlink:title="InterestExpenseMember" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryRawMaterials to us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:label="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:title="InventoryLIFOReserve" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl">LIFO Reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryLIFOReserve to us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1">Inventory, LIFO Reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryLIFOReserve" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryLIFOReserve to us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="InventoryNet" xlink:title="InventoryNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl">Inventories, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1">Total Inventories</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2">Inventory, Net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InventoryNet to us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:label="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:title="InventoryWorkInProcess" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl">Work-in-Process</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryWorkInProcess to us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1">Inventory, Work in Process, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryWorkInProcess to us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryGross" xlink:label="InventoryGross" xlink:title="InventoryGross" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl">Total Inventories Before Estimated Sales Returns and LIFO Reserve</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryGross to us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1">Inventory, Gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryGross to us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract" xlink:label="InventoryNetAbstract" xlink:title="InventoryNetAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract_lbl">Inventory, Net [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryNetAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryNetAbstract to us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="InventoryPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Inventories</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryPolicyTextBlock to us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryPolicyTextBlock to us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:label="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:title="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl">LIBOR [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember to us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1">London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember to us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl">2023</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Three</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl">Less: Imputed interest</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl">Thereafter</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, after Year Five</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl">2024</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Four</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl">Other Supplemental Information [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl">Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl">Operating Leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl">2025</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Five</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl">2022</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Two</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:label="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:title="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl">2021</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl1">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year One</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths to us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:label="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:title="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl">Variable rate loans outstanding</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount to us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember" xlink:label="LandAndLandImprovementsMember" xlink:title="LandAndLandImprovementsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember_lbl">Land and Land Improvements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LandAndLandImprovementsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LandAndLandImprovementsMember to us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract" xlink:label="LeaseCostAbstract" xlink:title="LeaseCostAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl">Net Lease Costs [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCostAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeaseCostAbstract to us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="LeaseCost" xlink:title="LeaseCost" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl">Total net lease cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeaseCost to us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1">Lease, Cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LeaseCost to us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:title="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl">Total Net Lease Costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeaseCostTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1">Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LeaseCostTableTextBlock to us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:label="LeasesAbstract" xlink:title="LeasesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl">Operating Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LeasesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LeasesAbstract to us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl">Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="Liabilities" xlink:title="Liabilities" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl">Total Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:title="label: Liabilities to us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" xlink:title="label: Liabilities to us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:title="LiabilitiesCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl">Total Current Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesCurrent to us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesCurrent to us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:title="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl">Current Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract to us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount" xlink:label="LIFOInventoryAmount" xlink:title="LIFOInventoryAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount_lbl">LIFO inventories</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LIFOInventoryAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount_lbl" xlink:title="label: LIFOInventoryAmount to us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract" xlink:label="LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract" xlink:title="LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl">Inventories [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract to us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl1">LIFO Method Related Items [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract to us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl">Line of Credit Facility [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityTable to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:label="LineOfCreditMember" xlink:title="LineOfCreditMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_lbl">Line of Credit [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditMember to us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="LineOfCredit" xlink:title="LineOfCredit" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1">Long-term Line of Credit</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LineOfCredit to us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1_lbl">Line of credit facility, due date</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl">Line of credit facility fee percentage</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1">Line of Credit Facility, Commitment Fee Percentage</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl">Amount of financing available under credit facilities</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1">Aggregate principal amount</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity to us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl">Line of Credit Facility, Lender [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:title="LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl">Unused lines of credit</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:label="LongTermDebt" xlink:title="LongTermDebt" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl">Total debt outstanding</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:label="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:title="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl">Long-Term Debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtNoncurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1">Long-Term Debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtNoncurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl2">Long-term Debt, Excluding Current Maturities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtNoncurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:label="LongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:title="LongTermDebtCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl">Short-term portion of long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtCurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl1">Current portion of long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: LongTermDebtCurrent to us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract" xlink:label="MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract" xlink:title="MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract to us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:label="MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:title="MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_lbl">Valuation allowances and reserves [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:to="us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_lbl" xlink:title="label: MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward to us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NatureOfOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl" xlink:title="label: NatureOfOperations to us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl1">Nature of Operations [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NatureOfOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NatureOfOperations to us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NetIncomeLoss to us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl2" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NewAccountingPronouncementMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: NewAccountingPronouncementMember to us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable" xlink:label="NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable" xlink:title="NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable to us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsOrChangeInAccountingPrincipleTable_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionsTable" xlink:label="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionsTable" xlink:title="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionsTable" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent_lbl1">OCI, before Reclassifications, Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:title="OperatingLeasePayments" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl">Operating cash flows from operating leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeasePayments to us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract_lbl">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl">Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiability" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl">Operating lease, liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiability to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1">Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiability to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2">Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiability to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:title="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1">Cost of revenue [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2">Operating Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract to us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl">Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1">Noncurrent portion</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2">Operating lease liabilities, non-current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1">Less: Current portion</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember" xlink:label="OperatingSegmentsMember" xlink:title="OperatingSegmentsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl">Operating Segments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingSegmentsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingSegmentsMember to us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" xlink:label="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" xlink:title="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl">Less: Sublease Rentals</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1 to us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl1">Operating Leases, Rent Expense, Sublease Rentals</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1 to us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:label="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:title="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl">Total</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet to us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl1">Operating Leases, Rent Expense, Net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet to us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseCost" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl">Operating lease cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseCost to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1">Operating lease right-of-use assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl">Weighted-average remaining contractual lease term, operating leases</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 to us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:title="OperatingIncomeLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl">Operating (Loss) Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingIncomeLoss to us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1">Operating (Loss) Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingIncomeLoss to us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2">Operating income (loss)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingIncomeLoss to us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl2" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired_lbl1">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, including those amounts paid after acquisition, net of cash acquired</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl">Payments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsForRestructuring to us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1">Payments for Restructuring</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsForRestructuring to us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:label="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:title="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl">Payment of debt issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1">Payments of Debt Issuance Costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts to us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1">Payments to Acquire Intangible Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl">Additions to technology, property and equipment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:label="PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:title="PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl">Expenditures for long lived assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl1">Payments to Acquire Productive Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets to us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:title="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl">Retirement Plans</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1">Retirement Benefits [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:title="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl">Noncurrent Pension Liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl1">Liability, Defined Benefit Plan, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" xlink:title="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl">Current Pension Liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl1">Liability, Defined Benefit Plan, Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities to us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:label="PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:title="PerformanceSharesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl">Performance Share Units [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1">Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PerformanceSharesMember to us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl2">Performance-based Stock Awards [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PerformanceSharesMember to us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PlanNameAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: PlanNameAxis to us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:label="PlanNameDomain" xlink:title="PlanNameDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl">Plan Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PlanNameDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: PlanNameDomain to us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanAssetCategoriesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PlanAssetCategoriesDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PlanAssetCategoriesDomain_lbl">Plan Asset Categories [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PlanAssetCategoriesDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_PlanAssetCategoriesDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: PlanAssetCategoriesDomain to us-gaap_PlanAssetCategoriesDomain_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl">Preferred Stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockSharesIssued to us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="PreferredStockValue" xlink:title="PreferredStockValue" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockValue to us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockValue to us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl">Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare to us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl">Preferred Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreferredStockSharesAuthorized to us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:title="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent to us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent to us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember" xlink:label="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember" xlink:title="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl">Prepaid and Other Current Assets [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember to us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1">Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember to us-gaap_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:label="PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:title="PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl">Reclassifications</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl" xlink:title="label: PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription to us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" xlink:label="PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" xlink:title="PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl">Prior Period Adjustments [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract to us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts" xlink:label="ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts" xlink:title="ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl">Change in book overdrafts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts to us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt" xlink:label="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt" xlink:title="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt_lbl">Borrowing of long-term debt</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt to us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl">Estimated useful life</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems_lbl">Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl">Technology, Property and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl1">Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl">Fully depreciated capitalized software and computer hardware written off</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisposals_lbl1">Property, Plant and Equipment, Disposals</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl">Property, Plant and Equipment, Type [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl">Technology, Property and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl">Technology, Property and Equipment [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl">Property, Plant and Equipment, Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl2">Total</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet to us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable to us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionLineItems to us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:title="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl">Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract to us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:label="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:title="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems to us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock to us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable" xlink:label="RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable" xlink:title="RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable_lbl">Revenue, Initial Application Period Cumulative Effect Transition [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable to us-gaap_RevenueInitialApplicationPeriodCumulativeEffectTransitionTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:label="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:title="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax to us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_lbl1" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis to us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract" xlink:label="RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract" xlink:title="RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:label="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:title="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation to us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:label="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:title="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl">Expected timing of satisfaction, period</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1 to us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:title="RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:label="SubleaseIncome" xlink:title="SubleaseIncome" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubleaseIncome_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SubleaseIncome_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SubleaseIncome_lbl1">Sublease Income</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:title="label: SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1 to us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquityOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther_lbl1" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquityOther to us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquity to us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquity to us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl2" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl">Shareholders' Equity</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: StockholdersEquityAbstract to us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract_lbl">Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VestingAxis" xlink:label="VestingAxis" xlink:title="VestingAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VestingAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_VestingAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_VestingAxis_lbl">Vesting [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VestingAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_VestingAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: VestingAxis to us-gaap_VestingAxis_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_lbl">Valuation Allowances and Reserves Type [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceLineItems" xlink:label="ValuationAllowanceLineItems" xlink:title="ValuationAllowanceLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceLineItems_lbl">Valuation Allowance [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain" xlink:label="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain" xlink:title="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain_lbl">Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain to us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:label="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:title="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl">Balance at end of period</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl1">Balance at beginning of period</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl2">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Amount</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance to us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceTable" xlink:label="ValuationAllowanceTable" xlink:title="ValuationAllowanceTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceTable_lbl">Valuation Allowance [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAllowanceTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAllowanceTable to us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense" xlink:label="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense" xlink:title="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense_lbl">Charged to expenses</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember" xlink:label="ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember" xlink:title="ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember_lbl">Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember to us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis" xlink:label="ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis" xlink:title="ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis_lbl">Valuation Allowance by Deferred Tax Asset [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis to us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceByDeferredTaxAssetAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions" xlink:label="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions" xlink:title="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_lbl">Deductions from reserves and other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions to us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost" xlink:label="VariableLeaseCost" xlink:title="VariableLeaseCost" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl">Variable lease cost</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VariableLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:title="label: VariableLeaseCost to us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableRateDomain" xlink:label="VariableRateDomain" xlink:title="VariableRateDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl">Variable Rate [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VariableRateDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: VariableRateDomain to us-gaap_VariableRateDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableRateAxis" xlink:label="VariableRateAxis" xlink:title="VariableRateAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl">Variable Rate [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="VariableRateAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: VariableRateAxis to us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm" xlink:label="WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm" xlink:title="WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_lbl">Term of warrants</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm" xlink:to="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_lbl" xlink:title="label: WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm to us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl">Less: Unvested restricted shares (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1">Weighted Average Number of Shares, Restricted Stock</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl">Basic (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1">Shares used for basic (loss) earnings per share (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2020/elts/us-gaap-2020-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:title="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl">Diluted (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1">Shares used for diluted (loss) earnings per share (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding to us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl2" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic_lbl">Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl">Consolidation Items [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConsolidationItemsAxis to srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:label="ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:title="ConsolidationItemsDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl">Consolidation Items [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ConsolidationItemsDomain to srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain" xlink:label="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain" xlink:title="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain_lbl">Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain" xlink:to="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain to srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis" xlink:label="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis" xlink:title="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis_lbl">Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis" xlink:to="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis to srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember" xlink:title="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember_lbl">Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember to srt_CumulativeEffectPeriodOfAdoptionAdjustmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_DirectorMember" xlink:label="DirectorMember" xlink:title="DirectorMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_DirectorMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="srt_DirectorMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_DirectorMember_lbl">Non-Employee Directors [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DirectorMember" xlink:to="srt_DirectorMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: DirectorMember to srt_DirectorMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_DirectorMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_DirectorMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_DirectorMember_lbl1">Director [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DirectorMember" xlink:to="srt_DirectorMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DirectorMember to srt_DirectorMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="MaximumMember" xlink:title="MaximumMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_MaximumMember_lbl">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: MaximumMember to srt_MaximumMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="MinimumMember" xlink:title="MinimumMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_MinimumMember_lbl">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: MinimumMember to srt_MinimumMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:title="ProductsAndServicesDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductsAndServicesDomain to srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:title="ProductOrServiceAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductOrServiceAxis to srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember" xlink:label="ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember" xlink:title="ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_lbl">Reportable Geographical Components [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember" xlink:to="srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember to srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="RangeAxis" xlink:title="RangeAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RangeAxis_lbl">Range [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: RangeAxis to srt_RangeAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeMember" xlink:label="RangeMember" xlink:title="RangeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RangeMember_lbl">Range [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RangeMember" xlink:to="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RangeMember to srt_RangeMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="RestatementAdjustmentMember" xlink:title="RestatementAdjustmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl">Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestatementAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestatementAdjustmentMember to srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl1">Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestatementAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestatementAdjustmentMember to srt_RestatementAdjustmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="RestatementDomain" xlink:title="RestatementDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RestatementDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RestatementDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RestatementDomain_lbl">Revision of Prior Period [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestatementDomain" xlink:to="srt_RestatementDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestatementDomain to srt_RestatementDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:label="RestatementAxis" xlink:title="RestatementAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl">Revision of Prior Period [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestatementAxis" xlink:to="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestatementAxis to srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:title="ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl">Schedule II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock to srt_ScheduleOfValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:label="SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:title="SegmentGeographicalDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_lbl">Geographical [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: SegmentGeographicalDomain to srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:title="StatementGeographicalAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: StatementGeographicalAxis to srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:title="TitleOfIndividualAxis" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:title="label: TitleOfIndividualAxis to srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:label="TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:title="TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_lbl">Relationship to Entity [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:to="srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_lbl" xlink:title="label: TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain to srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract" xlink:label="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract" xlink:title="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract_lbl">Schedule II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract" xlink:to="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract to srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" xlink:title="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl">Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems to srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" xlink:label="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" xlink:title="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl">Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable" xlink:to="srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable to srt_ValuationAndQualifyingAccountsDisclosureTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2020/elts/srt-2020-01-31.xsd#srt_WeightedAverageMember" xlink:label="WeightedAverageMember" xlink:title="WeightedAverageMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_WeightedAverageMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="srt_WeightedAverageMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="srt_WeightedAverageMember_lbl">Weighted Average [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="WeightedAverageMember" xlink:to="srt_WeightedAverageMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: WeightedAverageMember to srt_WeightedAverageMember_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="CoverAbstract" xlink:title="CoverAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:title="label: CoverAbstract to dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine1 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine2 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressAddressLine3 to dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="AmendmentFlag" xlink:title="AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:title="label: AmendmentFlag to dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="CityAreaCode" xlink:title="CityAreaCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:title="label: CityAreaCode to dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:title="EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressCityOrTown to dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="EntityAddressCountry" xlink:title="EntityAddressCountry" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressCountry to dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:title="CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:title="label: CurrentFiscalYearEndDate to dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:title="DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentPeriodEndDate to dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:title="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode to dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityListingsTable" xlink:label="EntityListingsTable" xlink:title="EntityListingsTable" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl">Entity Listings [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityListingsTable" xlink:to="dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityListingsTable to dei_EntityListingsTable_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:title="LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:title="label: LocalPhoneNumber to dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:title="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressPostalZipCode to dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:title="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityAddressStateOrProvince to dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="Security12bTitle" xlink:title="Security12bTitle" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:title="label: Security12bTitle to dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:title="NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:title="label: NoTradingSymbolFlag to dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="TradingSymbol" xlink:title="TradingSymbol" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:title="label: TradingSymbol to dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="SecurityExchangeName" xlink:title="SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:title="label: SecurityExchangeName to dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityListingsLineItems" xlink:label="EntityListingsLineItems" xlink:title="EntityListingsLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl">Entity Listings [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityListingsLineItems" xlink:to="dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityListingsLineItems to dei_EntityListingsLineItems_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:title="EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer to dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:title="EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityVoluntaryFilers to dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:title="EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityCurrentReportingStatus to dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="EntityFilerCategory" xlink:title="EntityFilerCategory" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityFilerCategory to dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="EntityPublicFloat" xlink:title="EntityPublicFloat" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl">Entity Public Float</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityPublicFloat to dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="EntityRegistrantName" xlink:title="EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityRegistrantName to dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityCentralIndexKey to dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:title="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityTaxIdentificationNumber to dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:title="EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding to dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentFiscalYearFocus to dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus to dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="DocumentType" xlink:title="DocumentType" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentType_lbl">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentType to dei_DocumentType_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:title="DocumentAnnualReport" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl">Document Annual Report</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentAnnualReport to dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:title="DocumentTransitionReport" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:title="label: DocumentTransitionReport to dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:title="EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityInteractiveDataCurrent to dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityFileNumber to dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="EntityShellCompany" xlink:title="EntityShellCompany" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityShellCompany to dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:title="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntityEmergingGrowthCompany to dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:title="EntitySmallBusiness" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:title="label: EntitySmallBusiness to dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_AU" xlink:label="AU" xlink:title="AU" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_AU_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="country_AU_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_AU_lbl">Australia [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AU" xlink:to="country_AU_lbl" xlink:title="label: AU to country_AU_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_AU_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_AU_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_AU_lbl1">Australia [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AU" xlink:to="country_AU_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AU to country_AU_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_CA" xlink:label="CA" xlink:title="CA" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_CA_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_CA_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_CA_lbl">Canada [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CA" xlink:to="country_CA_lbl" xlink:title="label: CA to country_CA_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_CN" xlink:label="CN" xlink:title="CN" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_CN_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="country_CN_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_CN_lbl">China [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CN" xlink:to="country_CN_lbl" xlink:title="label: CN to country_CN_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_CN_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_CN_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_CN_lbl1">CHINA</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CN" xlink:to="country_CN_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CN to country_CN_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_DE" xlink:label="DE" xlink:title="DE" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_DE_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_DE_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_DE_lbl">Germany [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DE" xlink:to="country_DE_lbl" xlink:title="label: DE to country_DE_lbl" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_FR" xlink:label="FR" xlink:title="FR" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_FR_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="country_FR_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_FR_lbl">France [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FR" xlink:to="country_FR_lbl" xlink:title="label: FR to country_FR_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_FR_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_FR_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_FR_lbl1">FRANCE</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FR" xlink:to="country_FR_lbl1" xlink:title="label: FR to country_FR_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_GB" xlink:label="GB" xlink:title="GB" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_GB_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="country_GB_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_GB_lbl">United Kingdom [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="GB" xlink:to="country_GB_lbl" xlink:title="label: GB to country_GB_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_GB_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_GB_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_GB_lbl1">UNITED KINGDOM</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="GB" xlink:to="country_GB_lbl1" xlink:title="label: GB to country_GB_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_JP" xlink:label="JP" xlink:title="JP" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_JP_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="country_JP_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_JP_lbl">Japan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JP" xlink:to="country_JP_lbl" xlink:title="label: JP to country_JP_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_JP_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_JP_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_JP_lbl1">JAPAN</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JP" xlink:to="country_JP_lbl1" xlink:title="label: JP to country_JP_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2020/country-2020-01-31.xsd#country_US" xlink:label="US" xlink:title="US" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_US_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="country_US_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_US_lbl">U.S. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="US" xlink:to="country_US_lbl" xlink:title="label: US to country_US_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="country_US_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="country_US_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="country_US_lbl1">United States [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="US" xlink:to="country_US_lbl1" xlink:title="label: US to country_US_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl">The disclosure related to royalty advances and composition costs.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl1">Product Development Assets [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl2">Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Product Development Assets, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl3">Product development assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl3" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue" xlink:label="PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue" xlink:title="PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl">Refers to the percentage of targeted long-term incentive value.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue" xlink:to="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue to jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl1">Percentage of Targeted Long-Term Incentive Value</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue" xlink:to="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue to jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl2">Percentage of targeted long-term incentive value</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue" xlink:to="jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue to jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl">Refers to the targeted long-term incentive of share-based compensation awards as a percentage of base salary during the performance cycle.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Targeted Long-Term Incentive as Percentage of Base Salary</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl2">Targeted long-term incentive as percentage of base salary</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments" xlink:label="NumberOfEqualInstallments" xlink:title="NumberOfEqualInstallments" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl">Refers to the number of equal installments for vesting shares.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfEqualInstallments" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfEqualInstallments to jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl1">Number of Equal Installments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfEqualInstallments" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfEqualInstallments to jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl2">Number of equal installments</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfEqualInstallments" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfEqualInstallments to jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember" xlink:label="EmploymentOfferLetterMember" xlink:title="EmploymentOfferLetterMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl">A formal written document sent by an employer to a job candidate selected for employment. The letter confirms the details of the offer of employment: this may include the job description, salary, benefits, and the date employment begins.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmploymentOfferLetterMember" xlink:to="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: EmploymentOfferLetterMember to jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl1">Employment Offer Letter [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmploymentOfferLetterMember" xlink:to="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EmploymentOfferLetterMember to jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl2">Employment Letter [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmploymentOfferLetterMember" xlink:to="jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: EmploymentOfferLetterMember to jwa_EmploymentOfferLetterMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl">Twelfth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Twelve [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl2">Vesting on April 30, 2021 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl">Ninth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Nine [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl2">Vesting on April 30, 2018 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl">Eleventh portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Eleven [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl2">Vesting on April 30, 2020 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl">Tenth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Ten [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl2">Vesting on April 30, 2019 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" xlink:label="ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" xlink:title="ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl">Refers to the performance-based restricted stock awards that are payable in restricted shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock upon the achievement of certain three-year financial performance-based targets.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember to jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl1">Executive Long-Term Incentive Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember to jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl2">ELTIP [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember to jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_SignOnGrantMember" xlink:label="SignOnGrantMember" xlink:title="SignOnGrantMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl">A grant awarded to a new employee by a company as an incentive to join that company. They are often given as a way of making a compensation package more attractive to the employee.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SignOnGrantMember" xlink:to="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SignOnGrantMember to jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl1">Sign-On Grant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SignOnGrantMember" xlink:to="jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SignOnGrantMember to jwa_SignOnGrantMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl">Refers to the value of base salary for targeted long-term incentive of share-based compensation awards.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Value of Base Salary for Targeted Long-Term Incentive</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl2">Targeted long-term incentive value</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" xlink:label="NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" xlink:title="NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl">Tabular disclosure of net sales return reserves as reflected in accounts in Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock to jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl1">Net Sales Return Reserves by Balance Sheet Account [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock to jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl2">Net Sales Return Reserves by Balance Sheet Account</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock to jwa_NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy for the treatment of royalty advances.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock to jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Royalty Advance [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock to jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Royalty Advances</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock to jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy for cash and cash equivalents with respect to negative balance accounts (overdrafts).</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Book Overdrafts [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Book Overdrafts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy for the classification of shipping and handling costs, including whether the costs are included in cost of sales or included in other income statement accounts.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Shipping and Handling Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Shipping and Handling Costs</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy for sales return reserves.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock to jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Sales Return Reserves [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock to jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Sales Return Reserves</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock to jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to recently adopted accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock to jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl">Disclosure of accounting policy for the treatment of costs associated with developing a publication.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1">Product Development Assets Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2">Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:label="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:title="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl">Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2">Restructuring and related charges</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits to jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense" xlink:label="InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense" xlink:title="InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl">The amount of interest and other income (expense) recognized during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense" xlink:to="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:title="label: InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense to jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl1">Interest and Other Income (Expense)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense" xlink:to="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense to jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl2">Interest and Other Income</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense" xlink:to="jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense to jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">The cash outflow for book composition and other product development spending.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Additions To Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Product development spending</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:label="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:title="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl">The cash outflow or inflow resulting from the exercise of employee stock options and other.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:to="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther to jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1">Proceeds from (Payments for) Exercise of Stock Options and Other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:to="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther to jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2">Net (payments) proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther" xlink:to="jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther to jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:label="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:title="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1">Cash Paid During Period For [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract to jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2">Cash Paid During the Year for</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract to jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" xlink:label="IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" xlink:title="IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl">The increase (decrease) during the period in the amount due for operating lease liabilities.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl1">Increase (Decrease) in Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl2">Operating lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:label="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:title="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl">The charge against earnings in the period representing the amortization of product development assets, which consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" xlink:title="label: AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1">Amortization of Product Development Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2">Amortization of product development assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets" xlink:to="jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets to jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:label="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:title="TheLearningHouseIncMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl">A diversified education services provider, which provides online program management (OPM) services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students; professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1">The Learning House, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl2">Learning House [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheLearningHouseIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: TheLearningHouseIncMember to jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:label="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:title="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl">Additional paid-in-capital attributable to warrants that satisfy the conditions for equity classification.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember to jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl1">Additional Paid-in Capital, Attributable to Warrant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember to jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl2">Warrants [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember" xlink:to="jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember to jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue" xlink:label="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue" xlink:title="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl">The value of warrants issued as [noncash or part noncash] consideration for a business or asset acquired. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that affect recognized assets or liabilities but that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue" xlink:to="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue to jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl1">Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisition, Noncash Financial or Equity Instrument Consideration, Warrants Issued, Value</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue" xlink:to="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue to jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl2">Warrants to purchase 0.4 million shares of Wiley Class A Common Stock issued in connection with the Learning House acquisition</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue" xlink:to="jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue to jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl">Amount of product development assets, which are partially completed at the time of measurement.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl1">Product Development Assets, Wok in Progress</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl2">Work in process</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember" xlink:label="RoyaltyAdvancesMember" xlink:title="RoyaltyAdvancesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl">Advances paid for royalties on anticipated earnings from commercial manuscripts. They are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltyAdvancesMember" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RoyaltyAdvancesMember to jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl1">Royalty Advances [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltyAdvancesMember" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RoyaltyAdvancesMember to jwa_RoyaltyAdvancesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember" xlink:label="BookCompositionCostsMember" xlink:title="BookCompositionCostsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl">The costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. They are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BookCompositionCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BookCompositionCostsMember to jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl1">Book Composition Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BookCompositionCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BookCompositionCostsMember to jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl2">Book Composition Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BookCompositionCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BookCompositionCostsMember to jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:label="OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:title="OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl">The costs incurred in developing software, platforms and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. They are capitalized and generally amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember to jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1">Other Product Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember to jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract" xlink:label="ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract" xlink:title="ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl1">Product Development Asset [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl2">Product Development Assets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract to jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember" xlink:label="AtyponSystemsIncMember" xlink:title="AtyponSystemsIncMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl">A Silicon Valley-based publishing-software and service provider that enables scholarly societies and publishers to deliver, host, enhance, market and manage their content on the web.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AtyponSystemsIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AtyponSystemsIncMember to jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl1">Atypon Systems Inc [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AtyponSystemsIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AtyponSystemsIncMember to jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl2">Atypon Systems Inc [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AtyponSystemsIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AtyponSystemsIncMember to jwa_AtyponSystemsIncMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:label="ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:title="ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl">Cost incurred in content developing process.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContentDevelopmentCostsMember to jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1">Content Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContentDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContentDevelopmentCostsMember to jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_SoftwareCostsMember" xlink:label="SoftwareCostsMember" xlink:title="SoftwareCostsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl">Cost incurred in software.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SoftwareCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SoftwareCostsMember to jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl1">Software Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SoftwareCostsMember" xlink:to="jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SoftwareCostsMember to jwa_SoftwareCostsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract" xlink:label="SalesReturnReservesAbstract" xlink:title="SalesReturnReservesAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract_lbl1">Sales Return Reserves [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SalesReturnReservesAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SalesReturnReservesAbstract to jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:label="BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:title="BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl">Long lived, depreciable structure held for productive use and any addition, improvement, or renovation to the structure, such as interior masonry, interior flooring, electrical, and plumbing, including additions or improvements to assets held under a lease arrangement.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember to jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl1">Building and Leasehold Improvements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember to jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl2">Buildings and Leasehold Improvements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember to jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember" xlink:label="EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember" xlink:title="EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl">Refers to the investment in the Company's enterprise resource planning and related systems.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember" xlink:to="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember to jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl1">Enterprise Resource Planning and Related Systems [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember" xlink:to="jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember to jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract" xlink:label="BookOverdraftsAbstract" xlink:title="BookOverdraftsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract_lbl1">Book Overdrafts [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BookOverdraftsAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BookOverdraftsAbstract to jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember" xlink:label="RoyaltiesPayableMember" xlink:title="RoyaltiesPayableMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl">This element represents obligations incurred and payable for royalties.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltiesPayableMember" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RoyaltiesPayableMember to jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl1">Royalties Payable [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltiesPayableMember" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RoyaltiesPayableMember to jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl2">Accrued Royalties [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RoyaltiesPayableMember" xlink:to="jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RoyaltiesPayableMember to jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" xlink:label="IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" xlink:title="IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl">Increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from sales return reserves recorded.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl1">Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Sales Return Reserves Recorded</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl2">Increase in Contract liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract" xlink:label="AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract" xlink:title="AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract_lbl1">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract to jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl">Period for targets established for share based compensation expense in advance of actual financial results, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Target period for share based compensation expense in advance of actual financial results</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl2">Target period for stock-based compensation expense in advance of actual financial results</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" xlink:label="FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" xlink:title="FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl">Long lived, depreciable assets, commonly used in offices and stores and equipment used in warehouses.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember to jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl1">Furniture, Fixtures and Warehouse Equipment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember to jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember" xlink:label="CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember" xlink:title="CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl">Represents the types error corrections made to the financial statements.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember to jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl1">Correction in Presentation of Certain Consideration Received for Services Not Yet Performed [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember to jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl2">Correction in Presentation of Certain Consideration Received for Services Not Yet Performed [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember" xlink:to="jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember to jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" xlink:label="ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" xlink:title="ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl">Primary financial statement caption encompassing contract liability (deferred revenue).</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember to jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl1">Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember to jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl2">Contract Liabilities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember to jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1">Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract to jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2">Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract to jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:label="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:title="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1">Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract to jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2">Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract to jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl2">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl">Increase (Decrease) in amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration in exchange for good or service transferred to customer when right is conditioned on something other than passage of time.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:to="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss to jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Increase (Decrease) in Asset, after Allowance for Credit Loss</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:to="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss to jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl2">Increase in accounts receivable, net</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss" xlink:to="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss to jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" xlink:label="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" xlink:title="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl">Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" xlink:to="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability to jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl1">Contract with Customer, Increase (Decrease) in Liability</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" xlink:to="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability to jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl2">Increase in contract liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability" xlink:to="jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability to jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:label="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:title="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl">The multi-year program the entity announced to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BusinessOptimizationProgramMember to jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1">Business Optimization Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BusinessOptimizationProgramMember to jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2">Business Optimization Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessOptimizationProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BusinessOptimizationProgramMember to jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:label="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:title="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl">The entity announced a program (the "Restructuring and Reinvestment Program") to restructure and realign the Company's cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember to jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember to jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:label="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:title="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment of a contract associated with exit from or disposal of business activities or restructurings pursuant to a plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember to jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1">Operating Lease Right-of-use Asset Impairment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember to jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2">Operating Lease Right-of-use Asset Impairment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember to jwa_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" xlink:label="AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" xlink:title="AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which consists of academic and professional learning.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember_lbl3">Academic and Professional Learning [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" xlink:label="ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" xlink:title="ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, for academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1">Research Publishing and Platforms Segment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl3" xlink:title="label: ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember to jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember" xlink:label="EducationServicesSegmentMember" xlink:title="EducationServicesSegmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl">A segment of the entity, which provides online graduate degree program management services for higher education institutions and learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals.</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationServicesSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EducationServicesSegmentMember to jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl1" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationServicesSegmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: EducationServicesSegmentMember to jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:label="ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:title="ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl1">Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:title="ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl">Tabular disclosure of the carrying value of intangible assets, excluding goodwill, in total and by major class. A major class is composed of intangible assets that can be grouped together because they are similar, either by their nature or by their use in the operations of the company.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock to jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock to jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage" xlink:label="EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage" xlink:title="EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage_lbl">Percentage of reported income tax expense (benefit) in excess of (less than) expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying domestic federal statutory income tax rate to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations, attributable to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" xlink:label="TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" xlink:title="TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl">Refers to the expiration period of the tax credit carryforwards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" xlink:to="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl" xlink:title="label: TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod to jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" xlink:to="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod to jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl2">Tax credit carryforwards, expiration period</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod" xlink:to="jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl2" xlink:title="label: TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod to jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TheTaxActMember" xlink:label="TheTaxActMember" xlink:title="TheTaxActMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl">A comprehensive tax legislation enacted by U.S. government on December 22, 2017, which significantly revises the future ongoing U.S. corporate income tax system.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheTaxActMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TheTaxActMember to jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl1">The Tax Act [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TheTaxActMember" xlink:to="jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TheTaxActMember to jwa_TheTaxActMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember" xlink:label="StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember" xlink:title="StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl">Valuation allowances for deferred tax asset attributable to state and federal deductible operating loss carryforwards.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember" xlink:to="jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember to jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember" xlink:to="jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember to jwa_StateAndFederalNetOperatingLossCarryforwardsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" xlink:label="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" xlink:title="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRateYearThree" xlink:label="ForeignStatutoryTaxRateYearThree" xlink:title="ForeignStatutoryTaxRateYearThree" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DeferredTaxBenefitsPerShareAssociatedWithEnactedChangesInTaxLaws" xlink:label="DeferredTaxBenefitsPerShareAssociatedWithEnactedChangesInTaxLaws" xlink:title="DeferredTaxBenefitsPerShareAssociatedWithEnactedChangesInTaxLaws" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxReconciliationNonRecurringItemsReducedIncomeTaxExpensesPerShare" xlink:label="IncomeTaxReconciliationNonRecurringItemsReducedIncomeTaxExpensesPerShare" xlink:title="IncomeTaxReconciliationNonRecurringItemsReducedIncomeTaxExpensesPerShare" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesIntangibleAndFixedAssets" xlink:label="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesIntangibleAndFixedAssets" xlink:title="DeferredTaxLiabilitiesIntangibleAndFixedAssets" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect" xlink:label="OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect" xlink:title="OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxLiabilityDomesticDueToRepatriationOfForeignEarnings" xlink:label="IncomeTaxLiabilityDomesticDueToRepatriationOfForeignEarnings" xlink:title="IncomeTaxLiabilityDomesticDueToRepatriationOfForeignEarnings" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl">Disclosure of information about income taxes.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl1">Income Tax Disclosure [Table]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxDisclosureTable" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxDisclosureTable to jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" xlink:title="IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl">Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems to jwa_IncomeTaxDisclosureLineItems_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate" xlink:label="ForeignStatutoryTaxRate" xlink:title="ForeignStatutoryTaxRate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl">Percentage of foreign statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss).</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ForeignStatutoryTaxRate" xlink:to="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ForeignStatutoryTaxRate to jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl2">Foreign statutory tax rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ForeignStatutoryTaxRate" xlink:to="jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ForeignStatutoryTaxRate to jwa_ForeignStatutoryTaxRate_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits" xlink:label="DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits" xlink:title="DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl">The tax effect as of the balance sheet date of the amount of estimated future tax deductions arising from postretirement and post-employment benefits, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when actual costs are incurred, and which can only be realized if sufficient tax-basis income is generated in future periods to enable the deduction to be taken.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl1">Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Deferred Expense, Compensation and Benefits, Retirement and post-employment benefits</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits_lbl2">Retirement and Post-Employment Benefits</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems" xlink:label="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems" xlink:title="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl">Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations, excluding the impact of certain discreet items.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems" xlink:to="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl" xlink:title="label: EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems to jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl1">Effective Tax Rate, Excluding Impact of Certain Discreet Items</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems" xlink:to="jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems to jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfCertainDiscreetItems_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl">Settlement charge related to retirement plan for employees.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Settlement Charges, Employees</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl2">Retirement plans settlemt charges for employees</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants" xlink:label="NumberOfEligibleParticipants" xlink:title="NumberOfEligibleParticipants" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl">Refers to eligible participants who made the election to receive the lump sum amount which was paid from Pension Plan assets.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfEligibleParticipants" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfEligibleParticipants to jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl1">Number of Eligible Participants</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfEligibleParticipants" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfEligibleParticipants to jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl2">Number of eligible participants</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfEligibleParticipants" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfEligibleParticipants to jwa_NumberOfEligibleParticipants_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl">The amount of payments for early lump sum payment made for which eligible participants are entitled under a pension plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Benefits Paid for Early Lump Sum Payment</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl2">Lump sum payment for early payment of pension plan benefit</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitsPaidForEarlyLumpSumPayment_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PensionSettlementExpense" xlink:label="PensionSettlementExpense" xlink:title="PensionSettlementExpense" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl">The amount of pension benefit costs recognized during the period for one-time non-cash charge for settlement of a portion of a defined benefit pension plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionSettlementExpense" xlink:to="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl" xlink:title="label: PensionSettlementExpense to jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl1">Pension Settlement Expense</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionSettlementExpense" xlink:to="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PensionSettlementExpense to jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl2">Net actuarial loss related to early lump sum payment of pension plan benefit</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PensionSettlementExpense" xlink:to="jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PensionSettlementExpense to jwa_PensionSettlementExpense_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl">This represents the liability for early payment of pension plan benefit in a single lump sum payment.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum to jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl1">Defined Benefit Pension Plan, Liability for Early Payment of Pension Plan Benefit in Single Lump Sum</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum to jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilityForEarlyPaymentOfPensionPlanBenefitInSingleLumpSum_lbl2">Total liability for early payment of pension plan benefit in a single lump sum payment</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue" xlink:label="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue" xlink:title="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl">The percentage of estimated fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets in excess of its carrying value.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue" xlink:to="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:title="label: IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue to jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue" xlink:to="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue to jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsPercentageOfEstimatedFairValueInExcessOfCarryingValue_lbl2">% by which estimated fair value exceeds carrying value</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:label="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:title="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl">Amount of accumulated impairment loss for an asset lacking physical substance and having a projected finite period of benefit.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1">Finite Lived Intangible Assets Impaired Accumulated Impairment Loss</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2">Accumulated Impairment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:label="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:title="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl">Amount of accumulated impairment loss for an asset lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1">Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2">Accumulated impairment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" xlink:label="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" xlink:title="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl">Amount of assets, net of accumulated impairment, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment" xlink:to="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl" xlink:title="label: IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment to jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl1">Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill), Net of Accumulated Impairment</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment_lbl2">Total</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BrandsMember" xlink:label="BrandsMember" xlink:title="BrandsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl">Unique design, sign, symbol, words, or a combination of these, employed in creating an image that identifies a product and differentiates it from its competitors.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1">Brands [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2">Brands [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BrandsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BrandsMember to jwa_BrandsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:label="IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:title="IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl">Amount of accumulated impairment loss for an asset lacking physical substance.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" xlink:title="label: IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1">Intangible Assets, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2">Accumulated impairment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss to jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:label="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:title="OtherAcquistionsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl">All the other acquired entities.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OtherAcquistionsMember to jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1">Other Acquisitions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherAcquistionsMember to jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2">Other Acquisitions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherAcquistionsMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OtherAcquistionsMember to jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_MthreeMember" xlink:label="MthreeMember" xlink:title="MthreeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl">Name of the acquired entity, which is a rapidly growing education services provider that addresses the IT skills gap by finding, training and placing job-ready technology talent in roles with leading corporations worldwide.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MthreeMember" xlink:to="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: MthreeMember to jwa_MthreeMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl1">Mthree [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MthreeMember" xlink:to="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: MthreeMember to jwa_MthreeMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl2">Mthree [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MthreeMember" xlink:to="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: MthreeMember to jwa_MthreeMember_lbl2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl3" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl3">mthree [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MthreeMember" xlink:to="jwa_MthreeMember_lbl3" xlink:title="label: MthreeMember to jwa_MthreeMember_lbl3" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ZyanteMember" xlink:label="ZyanteMember" xlink:title="ZyanteMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl">Name of the acquired entity, which is a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ZyanteMember to jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1">Zyante [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ZyanteMember to jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2">zybooks [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ZyanteMember to jwa_ZyanteMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" xlink:label="BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" xlink:title="BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl">Period over which post acquisition compensation expense will be recognized upon reach certain revenue and Adjusted EBITDA targets in a business combination.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl" xlink:title="label: BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod to jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl1">Business Combination, Post Acquisition Compensation Expense, Target Period</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod to jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl2">Period over which cash payment will be made upon reaching certain revenue and Adjusted EBITDA targets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod to jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CourseContentMember" xlink:label="CourseContentMember" xlink:title="CourseContentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl">A document that benefits students and instructors. It is an essential piece when designing any course.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseContentMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CourseContentMember to jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1">Course Content [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseContentMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CourseContentMember to jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2">Content [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CourseContentMember" xlink:to="jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CourseContentMember to jwa_CourseContentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:label="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:title="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl">Refers to the number of immaterial businesses acquired during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired to jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1">Number of immaterial businesses acquired</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired to jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2">Number of immaterial businesses acquired</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired to jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" xlink:label="BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" xlink:title="BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl">Amount of additional consideration to be transferred subsequent to acquisition date.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl" xlink:title="label: BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate to jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl1">Business Combination, Additional Consideration To Be Transferred Subsequent to Acquisition Date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate to jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl2">Fair value of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate" xlink:to="jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl2" xlink:title="label: BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate to jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" xlink:label="DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" xlink:title="DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl">The amount of expense excluding capitalized software recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" xlink:to="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl" xlink:title="label: DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware to jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl1">Depreciation and Amortization Expense Excluding Capitalized Software</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" xlink:to="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware to jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl2">Depreciation and Amortization Expense, Excluding Capitalized Software</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware" xlink:to="jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware to jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" xlink:label="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" xlink:title="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl">Amount of work in progress in property, plant and equipment.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" xlink:to="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress to jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl1">Property, Plant and Equipment, Work in Progress</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" xlink:to="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress to jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl2">Work in process</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress" xlink:to="jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress to jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" xlink:label="EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" xlink:title="EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl">Refers to the employee retirement age limit under retirement plans based on length of service and compensation, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" xlink:to="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl" xlink:title="label: EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans to jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl1">Employee retirement age limit under retirement plans</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans" xlink:to="jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans to jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" xlink:label="TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" xlink:title="TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl">The period of time subsequent to termination of employment during which the company provides for the payment of supplemental retirement benefits for certain officers and senior management, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" xlink:to="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl" xlink:title="label: TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits to jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl1">Term of supplemental retirement benefits</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" xlink:to="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits to jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl2">Term of supplemental retirement benefits</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits" xlink:to="jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl2" xlink:title="label: TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits to jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract" xlink:label="DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract" xlink:title="DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl1">Defined Contribution Savings Plans [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract to jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl2">Defined Contribution Savings Plans [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract to jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract" xlink:label="OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract" xlink:title="OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract_lbl1">Other postretirement benefits [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract to jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl">Amount of benefits for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in periods following the current period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payments Due, Total</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal_lbl1" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DirectorStockPlanMember" xlink:label="DirectorStockPlanMember" xlink:title="DirectorStockPlanMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DirectorStockPlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DirectorStockPlanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DirectorStockPlanMember_lbl">A share-based compensation plan in which each non-employee director receives common stock equal to fair value of the annual director fee.</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AnnualAwardValue" xlink:label="AnnualAwardValue" xlink:title="AnnualAwardValue" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member" xlink:label="KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member" xlink:title="KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember" xlink:label="ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember" xlink:title="ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:title="AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:title="AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Average Intrinsic Value [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Weighted Average Remaining Term [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Estimated Weighted Average Fair Value for Options Granted and Significant Weighted Average Assumptions Used [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member" xlink:label="ExercisePriceRange3Member" xlink:title="ExercisePriceRange3Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl">Exercise price range 3 for shares potentially issuable under outstanding stock option award plans.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange3Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange3Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl1">Exercise Price Range 3 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange3Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange3Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member_lbl2">$48.06 to $49.55 [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member" xlink:label="ExercisePriceRange1Member" xlink:title="ExercisePriceRange1Member" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange1Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange1Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl1">Exercise Price Range 1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange1Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange1Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange1Member_lbl2">$35.04 [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member" xlink:label="ExercisePriceRange2Member" xlink:title="ExercisePriceRange2Member" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl1">Exercise Price Range 2 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange2Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange2Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member_lbl2">$39.53 to $40.02 [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsFairValueOfCommonStockOnGrantDate" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsFairValueOfCommonStockOnGrantDate" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsFairValueOfCommonStockOnGrantDate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsFairValueOfCommonStockOnGrantDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsFairValueOfCommonStockOnGrantDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsFairValueOfCommonStockOnGrantDate_lbl">The fair value per share of common stock on grant date used in the weighted average fair value assumptions for stock option grants.</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" xlink:label="ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" xlink:title="ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl">Exercise price of stock options granted as a percentage of the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant pursuant to the terms of the stock option plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan to jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl1">Exercise price of stock options granted as percentage of fair market value of stock at date of grant as required by the plan</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan to jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl2">Exercise price of stock options granted as percentage of fair market value of stock at date of grant as required by the plan</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan to jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl">Fifth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Five [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl2">Annual Vesting on April 30th [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member" xlink:label="ExercisePriceRange4Member" xlink:title="ExercisePriceRange4Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl">Exercise price range 4 for shares potentially issuable under outstanding stock option award plans.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange4Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange4Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl1">Exercise Price Range 4 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange4Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange4Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl2">$55.99 to $59.70 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ExercisePriceRange4Member" xlink:to="jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ExercisePriceRange4Member to jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock" xlink:title="ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl">Tabular disclosure of information about total revenue by product/service and assets, expenditure for long-lived assets and depreciation and amortization by segment.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock to jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl1">Schedule of Revenue by Product/Service, Assets and Expenditure for Long-Lived Assets and Depreciation and Amortization by Segment [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock to jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl2">Total Revenue by Product/Service and Total Assets, Expenditure for Long-Lived Assets and Depreciation and Amortization by Segment</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock to jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" xlink:label="ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" xlink:title="ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl">Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation of GAAP net income (loss) to Non-GAAP EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:title="label: ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock to jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl1">Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock to jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl2">Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock" xlink:to="jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock to jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OtherCountriesMember" xlink:label="OtherCountriesMember" xlink:title="OtherCountriesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl">Refers to other countries not specifically mentioned.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherCountriesMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OtherCountriesMember to jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl1">Other Countries [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherCountriesMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherCountriesMember to jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl2">Other Countries [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherCountriesMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OtherCountriesMember to jwa_OtherCountriesMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ScandinaviaMember" xlink:label="ScandinaviaMember" xlink:title="ScandinaviaMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl">Scandinavia is a sub region in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties. The term Scandinavia in local usage covers the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScandinaviaMember" xlink:to="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ScandinaviaMember to jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl1">Scandinavia [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScandinaviaMember" xlink:to="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ScandinaviaMember to jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl2">Scandinavia [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ScandinaviaMember" xlink:to="jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ScandinaviaMember to jwa_ScandinaviaMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:label="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:title="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl">Amount of impact of adoption new lease standard associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard to jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1">Restructuring Reserve Adoption Of New Standard</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard to jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2">Adoption of new lease standard</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard" xlink:to="jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" xlink:title="label: RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard to jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember" xlink:label="EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember" xlink:title="EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl">Primary financial statement caption encompassing current employee-related liabilities.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember" xlink:to="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember to jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl1">Employee-related Liabilities, Current [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember" xlink:to="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember to jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl2">Accrued Employment Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember" xlink:to="jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember to jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl">Percentage points added to compute the variable rate on the debt instrument.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin to jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1">Debt Instrument, Applicable Margin</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin to jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2">Applicable margin</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin to jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:label="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:title="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl">The total amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility. This may consist of one request or several requests in minimum increments as specified under the revolving credit agreement.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:to="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" xlink:title="label: OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest to jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1">Optional Credit Limit Increase Available On Request</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:to="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest to jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2">Optional credit limit increase available on request</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest" xlink:to="jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest to jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl">Margin rate over reference rate used to calculate the lenders base rate.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1">Debt Instrument, Margin on Reference Rate Used in Determining Base Rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2">Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:label="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:title="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl">The minimum incremental amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:to="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" xlink:title="label: MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested to jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1">Minimum Increments In Which Optional Credit Limit Increases May Be Requested</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:to="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" xlink:title="label: MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested to jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2">Minimum increments in which optional credit limit increase may be requested</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested" xlink:to="jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" xlink:title="label: MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested to jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" xlink:label="OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" xlink:title="OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl">A contractual arrangement with a lender under which borrowings can be made up to a specific amount at any point in time, and under which borrowings outstanding may be either short-term or long-term, depending upon the particulars.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OtherCreditFacilitiesMember to jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl1">Other Credit Facilities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OtherCreditFacilitiesMember" xlink:to="jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OtherCreditFacilitiesMember to jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TDBankNAMember" xlink:label="TDBankNAMember" xlink:title="TDBankNAMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl">The lender with which the Company entered into a U.S. dollar facility on October 31, 2014.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TDBankNAMember" xlink:to="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TDBankNAMember to jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl1">TD Bank, N.A. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TDBankNAMember" xlink:to="jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TDBankNAMember to jwa_TDBankNAMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:label="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:title="SyndicateBankGroupMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl">The joint lead arrangers with which the Company maintains a credit facility.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:to="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SyndicateBankGroupMember to jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1">Syndicate Bank Group [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:to="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SyndicateBankGroupMember to jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SyndicateBankGroupMember" xlink:to="jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: SyndicateBankGroupMember to jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:title="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl">Amended and extended arrangement in which loan proceeds can continuously be obtained following repayments, but the total amount borrowed cannot exceed a specified maximum amount.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1">Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2">Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:title="PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl">Previous arrangement in which loan proceeds can continuously be obtained following repayments, but the total amount borrowed cannot exceed a specified maximum amount.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1">Previous Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2">Previous Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember to jwa_PreviousRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_SantanderBankNAMember" xlink:label="SantanderBankNAMember" xlink:title="SantanderBankNAMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl">The lender with which the Company entered into a U.S. dollar revolving credit facility on December 22, 2014.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SantanderBankNAMember" xlink:to="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: SantanderBankNAMember to jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl1">Santander Bank, N.A. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SantanderBankNAMember" xlink:to="jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: SantanderBankNAMember to jwa_SantanderBankNAMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember" xlink:label="TermLoanAFacilityMember" xlink:title="TermLoanAFacilityMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl">A term loan is a monetary loan that is repaid in regular payments over a set period of time. Term loans usually last between one and ten years, but may last as long as 30 years in some cases. A term loan usually involves an unfixed interest rate that will add additional balance to be repaid.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TermLoanAFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TermLoanAFacilityMember to jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl1">Term Loan A Facility [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TermLoanAFacilityMember" xlink:to="jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TermLoanAFacilityMember to jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl">Amount of non-lender fees capitalized in connection with the amendment to the existing debt.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees to jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1">Debt Instrument Non Lender Fees</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees to jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2">Term Loan amount related to non-lender fees in Other NC Assets</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees to jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:label="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:title="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl">Amount of inventory reserves for estimated sales returns.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1">Inventory, Reserve for Estimated Sales Returns</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2">Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns" xlink:to="jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" xlink:title="label: InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns to jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl">Property composed of building, land and land improvement included in a commingled trust fund; in which defined benefit plan asset is invested.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Real Estate, Commingled Trust Fund [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl2">Other: Real Estate Commingled Trust Fund [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember" xlink:label="DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember" xlink:title="DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl">Security representing ownership in limited partnership, not domiciled in United States of America (US), for which ownership is represented by share of stock; in which defined benefit plan asset is invested. Includes, but is not limited to, common stock, preferred stock, convertible security, stock right and stock warrant.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl1">Defined Benefit Plan, Equity Securities, Non-US, Limited Partnership [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl2">Global Equity Securites: Limited Partnership [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember" xlink:to="jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember to jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" xlink:label="AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" xlink:title="AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl">Percentage of acceptable ranges within which asset allocations will fluctuate.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" xlink:to="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl" xlink:title="label: AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate to jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl1">Acceptable ranges within which asset allocations will fluctuate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" xlink:to="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate to jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl2">Acceptable ranges within which asset allocations will fluctuate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate" xlink:to="jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl2" xlink:title="label: AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate to jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" xlink:label="FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" xlink:title="FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl">This element represents an investment that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments and eventual return of principal at maturity. Also includes plan assets held in cash.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" xlink:to="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember to jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl1">Fixed Income Securities and Cash [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" xlink:to="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember to jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl2">Fixed Income Securities and Cash [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember" xlink:to="jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember to jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember" xlink:label="BalancedManagedFundsMember" xlink:title="BalancedManagedFundsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl">This element represents an investment that provides a return in the form of balanced managed funds.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BalancedManagedFundsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: BalancedManagedFundsMember to jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl1">Balanced Managed Funds [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="BalancedManagedFundsMember" xlink:to="jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: BalancedManagedFundsMember to jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" xlink:label="NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" xlink:title="NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl">The number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled, excluding election of Directors.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock to jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl1">Number of votes entitlement per share of Class A common stock</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock to jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl2">Number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock to jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" xlink:label="ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" xlink:title="ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl">The number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which each share of Class B Common Stock is convertible.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" xlink:to="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl" xlink:title="label: ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible to jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl1">Class A Common shares into which each share of Class B Common Stock is convertible</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" xlink:to="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible to jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl2">Class A Common shares into which each share of Class B Common Stock is convertible (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible" xlink:to="jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible to jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders" xlink:label="PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders" xlink:title="PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl">Description of voting rights of common stock. Includes eligibility to vote and votes per share owned. Include also, if any, unusual voting rights.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders" xlink:to="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl" xlink:title="label: PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders to jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl1">Percentage of the Board of Directors elected by Class A common stockholders</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders_lbl2">Percentage of the Board of Directors elected by Class A common stockholders</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:label="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:title="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl">A share repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors of the Company for shares of Class A or Class B Common Stock during fiscal year 2017.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1">Share Repurchase Program in 2017 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2">2017 Share Repurchase Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:label="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:title="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1">Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2">Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:label="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:title="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1">Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2">Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract to jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:label="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:title="NonPerformanceSharesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl">Other than shares or units awarded to employees for meeting certain performance targets.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: NonPerformanceSharesMember to jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1">Non Performance Shares [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NonPerformanceSharesMember to jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2">Non-Performance Shares [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NonPerformanceSharesMember" xlink:to="jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NonPerformanceSharesMember to jwa_NonPerformanceSharesMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CapitalStockAbstract" xlink:label="CapitalStockAbstract" xlink:title="CapitalStockAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl1">Capital Stock [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CapitalStockAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CapitalStockAbstract to jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl2">Capital Stock [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CapitalStockAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CapitalStockAbstract to jwa_CapitalStockAbstract_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" xlink:label="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" xlink:title="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl">A share repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors of the Company for shares of Class A or Class B Common Stock during fiscal year 2020.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl1">Share Repurchase Program In 2020 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl2">2020 Share Repurchase Program [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member" xlink:to="jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member to jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:label="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:title="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl">Term of the interest rate that fluctuates over time based on an underlying benchmark interest rate or index, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl1">Debt Instrument, Term of Variable Rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl2">Term of variable rate</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate" xlink:to="jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate to jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:label="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:title="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl">Forward based contracts dated April 2016 in which two parties agree to swap periodic payments that are fixed at the outset of the swap contract with variable payments based on a market interest rate (index rate) over a specified period. This interest rate swap agreement fixed a portion of the variable interest due on the variable rate loans outstanding.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1">April 2016 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2">April 2016 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:label="August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:title="August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl">Forward based contracts dated August 2014 in which two parties agree to swap periodic payments that are fixed at the outset of the swap contract with variable payments based on a market interest rate (index rate) over a specified period. This interest rate swap agreement fixed a portion of the variable interest due on the variable rate loans outstanding.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1">August 2014 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2">August 2014 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_August2014InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:label="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:title="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl">Forward based contracts dated June 2019 in which two parties agree to swap periodic payments that are fixed at the outset of the swap contract with variable payments based on a market interest rate (index rate) over a specified period. This interest rate swap agreement fixed a portion of the variable interest due on the variable rate loans outstanding.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1">June2019 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2">June 2019 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:label="August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:title="August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl">Forward based contracts dated August 2019 in which two parties agree to swap periodic payments that are fixed at the outset of the swap contract with variable payments based on a market interest rate (index rate) over a specified period. This interest rate swap agreement fixed a portion of the variable interest due on the variable rate loans outstanding.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1">August 2019 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2">August 2019 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl">Forward based contracts dated February 2020 in which two parties agree to swap periodic payments that are fixed at the outset of the swap contract with variable payments based on a market interest rate (index rate) over a specified period. This interest rate swap agreement fixed a portion of the variable interest due on the variable rate loans outstanding.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember" xlink:to="jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember to jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl">Sixth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Six [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl2">Vesting at End of Performance Cycle [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl">Seventh portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Seven [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl2">Vesting on April 30th of Year Following Performance Cycle [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl">Eighth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl2">Annual Vesting on Anniversary of Grant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl">The period of time during which certain financial performance-based targets must be achieved in order to trigger payment of performance-based restricted stock awards under the terms of the long-term incentive plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Period for achievement of performance-based targets</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets_lbl2">Period for achievement of performance-based targets</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl">The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock options, that decreased due to performance.</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Decrease in Shares Due to Performance</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2">Change in Shares Due to Performance (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl">Fourth portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Award, Tranche Four [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl">The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards that changed due to performance during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Change in shares due to performance, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl2">Change in Shares Due to Performance (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_KeyEmployeesMember" xlink:label="KeyEmployeesMember" xlink:title="KeyEmployeesMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl">Key employees of the entity.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="KeyEmployeesMember" xlink:to="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: KeyEmployeesMember to jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl1">Key Employees [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="KeyEmployeesMember" xlink:to="jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: KeyEmployeesMember to jwa_KeyEmployeesMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl">The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock options, that increased due to performance.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Increase in Shares Due to Performance</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2">Change in Shares Due to Performance (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsIncreaseInSharesDueToPerformance_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" xlink:label="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" xlink:title="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl">Thirteen portion of share-based compensation award differentiated by a particular vesting feature, including, but not limited to, performance measure or service period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl1">Share Based Compensation Award Tranche Thirteen [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl2">Vesting on June 30th of Year Following Performance Cycle [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember" xlink:to="jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember to jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember" xlink:label="CrossKnowledgeMember" xlink:title="CrossKnowledgeMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl">Refers to acquiree in a material business combination, completed during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CrossKnowledgeMember" xlink:to="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: CrossKnowledgeMember to jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl1">CrossKnowledge [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CrossKnowledgeMember" xlink:to="jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: CrossKnowledgeMember to jwa_CrossKnowledgeMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange" xlink:label="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange" xlink:title="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl">Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, excluding foreign exchange.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl1">Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability Including Foreign Exchange</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl2">Contract liabilities</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:label="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:title="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services non current.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1">Increase Decrease In Contract With Customer Liability Non Current</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2">Contract liabilities (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent" xlink:to="jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" xlink:title="label: IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent to jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations" xlink:label="NumberOfPerformanceObligations" xlink:title="NumberOfPerformanceObligations" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl">Number of performance obligations during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfPerformanceObligations" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfPerformanceObligations to jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl1">Number of Performance Obligations</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfPerformanceObligations" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfPerformanceObligations to jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl2">Number of performance obligations</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfPerformanceObligations" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfPerformanceObligations to jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DurationOfContracts" xlink:label="DurationOfContracts" xlink:title="DurationOfContracts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl">The duration of contracts in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DurationOfContracts" xlink:to="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" xlink:title="label: DurationOfContracts to jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1">Duration of Contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DurationOfContracts" xlink:to="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DurationOfContracts to jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2">Duration of contract</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DurationOfContracts" xlink:to="jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DurationOfContracts to jwa_DurationOfContracts_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:label="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:title="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl">Number of languages in which contents for learning formats and modules on topics are available.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1">Number of Languages Available for Learning Contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2">Number of languages available for learning contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfLanguagesAvailableForLearningContracts_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:label="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:title="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl">The number of content assets available for corporate learning contracts including learning formats and modules such as leadership, diversity, value creation, client orientation, change and corporate strategy.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1">Number of Content Assets Available for Corporate Learning Contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2">Number of content assets available for corporate learning contracts</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts to jwa_NumberOfContentAssetsAvailableForCorporateLearningContracts_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:label="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:title="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl">Number of academic research journals published during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished to jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1">Number of Academic Research Journals Published</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished to jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2">Number of academic research journals published</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished to jwa_NumberOfAcademicResearchJournalsPublished_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:label="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:title="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1">Professional Assessment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2">Professional Assessment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalAssessmentMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalAssessmentMember to jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:label="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:title="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from publishing technology services (Atypon).</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1">Publishing Technology Services (Atypon) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2">Publishing Technology Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember" xlink:to="jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember to jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:label="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:title="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl">The administration component of the entity's shared in online program management.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1">Online Program Management (Deltak) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2">Education Services [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember" xlink:to="jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember to jwa_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:label="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:title="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl">Publishing revenue from test preparation and certification products/services.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TestPreparationAndCertificationMember" xlink:to="jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: TestPreparationAndCertificationMember to jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_JournalRevenueMember" xlink:label="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:title="JournalRevenueMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1">Journal Revenue [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2">Journals Subscriptions [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="JournalRevenueMember" xlink:to="jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: JournalRevenueMember to jwa_JournalRevenueMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" xlink:label="NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" xlink:title="NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl">Number of academic institutions. during the period.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicInstitutions to jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl1">Number of Academic Institutions</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl1" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicInstitutions to jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl2">Number of academic institutions</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="NumberOfAcademicInstitutions" xlink:to="jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl2" xlink:title="label: NumberOfAcademicInstitutions to jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:label="ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:title="ResearchPlatformsMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ResearchPlatformsMember to jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1">Research Platforms [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPlatformsMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchPlatformsMember to jwa_ResearchPlatformsMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:label="ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:title="ProfessionalLearningMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalLearningMember to jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1">Professional Learning [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ProfessionalLearningMember" xlink:to="jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ProfessionalLearningMember to jwa_ProfessionalLearningMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:label="ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:title="ResearchPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product service.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: ResearchPublishingMember to jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1">Research Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ResearchPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ResearchPublishingMember to jwa_ResearchPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_EducationPublishingMember" xlink:label="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:title="EducationPublishingMember" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl">Revenue by product/service deriving from education publishing.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1">Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2">Education Publishing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="EducationPublishingMember" xlink:to="jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: EducationPublishingMember to jwa_EducationPublishingMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:label="RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:title="RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_lbl">Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue excluding sales return reserve.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount" xlink:to="jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_lbl" xlink:title="label: RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount to jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount_lbl" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl1">Zyante Inc. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl1" xlink:title="label: ZyanteIncMember to jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl2">zybooks [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ZyanteIncMember" xlink:to="jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl2" xlink:title="label: ZyanteIncMember to jwa_ZyanteIncMember_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CashDividendAbstract" xlink:label="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:title="CashDividendAbstract" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashDividendAbstract to jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl2" />
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashDividendAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl3" xlink:title="label: CashDividendAbstract to jwa_CashDividendAbstract_lbl3" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q1 next year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Next Year Q1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInNextYearQ1Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany" xlink:label="CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany" xlink:title="CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany_lbl">Amount of cash to be paid to the equity shareholders of the acquiree company under the terms of the agreement.</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany" xlink:to="jwa_CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany_lbl2" xlink:title="label: CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany to jwa_CashToBePaidToEquityShareholdersOfAcquireeCompany_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract" xlink:label="AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract" xlink:title="AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract_lbl1">Amended and Restated Credit Agreement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract" xlink:to="jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract_lbl1" xlink:title="label: AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract to jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract_lbl1" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q1 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Current Year Q1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ1Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q3 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Current Year Q3 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q3 2019 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ3Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q2 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared in Current Year Q2 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q2 2019 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ2Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member" xlink:label="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member" xlink:title="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl">Distribution of earnings in the form of cash, property or capital stock declared in Q4 current year by the board of directors to be distributed to shareholders.</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl1">Dividend Declared In Current Year Q4 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl1" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl1" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:title="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl2" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl2">Dividend Declared in Q4 2019 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member" xlink:to="jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl2" xlink:title="label: DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member to jwa_DividendDeclaredInCurrentYearQ4Member_lbl2" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="jwa-20200430.xsd#jwa_MeasurementOfCreditLossesOnFinancialInstrumentsAbstract" xlink:label="MeasurementOfCreditLossesOnFinancialInstrumentsAbstract" xlink:title="MeasurementOfCreditLossesOnFinancialInstrumentsAbstract" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="jwa_MeasurementOfCreditLossesOnFinancialInstrumentsAbstract_lbl1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="jwa_MeasurementOfCreditLossesOnFinancialInstrumentsAbstract_lbl1" xml:lang="en-US" id="jwa_MeasurementOfCreditLossesOnFinancialInstrumentsAbstract_lbl1">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments [Abstract]</link:label>
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<DOCUMENT>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>image00023.jpg
<TEXT>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6927192432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Description of Revenue Generating Activities (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>Performanceobligation </div>
<div>Institution</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions', window );">Number of academic institutions | Institution</a></td>
<td class="nump">700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_JournalRevenueMember', window );">Journals Subscriptions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations', window );">Number of performance obligations | Performanceobligation</a></td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember', window );">Test Preparation and Certification [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember', window );">Professional Assessment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Publishing Technology Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Publishing Technology Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Description of Revenue Generating Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts', window );">Duration of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DurationOfContracts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The duration of contracts in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DurationOfContracts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of academic institutions. during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfAcademicInstitutions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of performance obligations during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfPerformanceObligations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureOfEntitysReportableSegmentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_JournalRevenueMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_JournalRevenueMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_ProfessionalAssessmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=jwa_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937396128">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited) (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">First Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.6</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Second Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Third Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">34.9</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts may not agree to the respective annual amounts due to rounding.</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of quarterly financial data. Includes, but is not limited to, financial information for fiscal quarters, cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle and earnings per share data.</p></div>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</body>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>18
<FILENAME>R89.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6902910528">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information, Total Assets by Segment (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,168,794<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,948,766<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,839,451<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,225,313<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,172,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,242,458<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Academic &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">924,924<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">959,601<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">942,598<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">486,316<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">440,516<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">199,023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 532,241<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 376,504<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 455,372<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>19
<FILENAME>R79.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6930387616">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans, Expected Employer Contributions and Benefit Payments and Other Retirement Plans (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsNextFiscalYear', window );">Expected employer contributions to the defined benefit pension plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount', window );">Discretionary contribution</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEstimatedFutureBenefitPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Expected future benefit payments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsNextTwelveMonths', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,314<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearTwo', window );">2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearThree', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,598<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFour', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,404<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFive', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,802<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter', window );">2026-2030</a></td>
<td class="nump">148,862<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">283,928<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract', window );"><strong>Defined Contribution Savings Plans [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized', window );">Expense recorded</a></td>
<td class="nump">19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEstimatedFutureBenefitPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Expected future benefit payments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsNextTwelveMonths', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,581<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearTwo', window );">2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearThree', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,533<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFour', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,713<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFive', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,363<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter', window );">2026-2030</a></td>
<td class="nump">77,026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">155,421<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract', window );"><strong>Other postretirement benefits [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Annual (credits) expenses for benefit plans</a></td>
<td class="num">(542)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">113<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">647<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEstimatedFutureBenefitPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Expected future benefit payments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsNextTwelveMonths', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,733<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearTwo', window );">2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearThree', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,065<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFour', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,691<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFive', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,439<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter', window );">2026-2030</a></td>
<td class="nump">71,836<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">128,507<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract', window );"><strong>Other postretirement benefits [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Annual (credits) expenses for benefit plans</a></td>
<td class="num">(7,256)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,893)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,641)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsNextFiscalYear', window );">Expected employer contributions to the defined benefit pension plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember', window );">Postretirement Life Insurance and Health Care Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract', window );"><strong>Other postretirement benefits [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitsPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Annual (credits) expenses for benefit plans</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (100)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of discretionary contributions made by an employer to a defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEmployerDiscretionaryContributionAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefits for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in periods following the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsDueTotal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DefinedContributionSavingsPlansAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OtherPostretirementBenefitsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEstimatedFutureBenefitPaymentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEstimatedFutureBenefitPaymentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefit for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in five fiscal years after fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsFiveFiscalYearsThereafter</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsNextTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefit for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in next fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsNextTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefit for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefit for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in fourth fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefit for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in third fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of benefit for defined benefit plan expected to be paid in second fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureBenefitPaymentsYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsNextFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of contribution expected to be received by defined benefit plan from employer in next fiscal year following current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsNextFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost for defined contribution plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 70<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=49170846&amp;loc=d3e28014-114942<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitsPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability for retirement benefits, classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(15))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitsPayableCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitPlansDefinedBenefitMember</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>20
<FILENAME>R81.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6930147376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation, Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="6">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2015</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions', window );">Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 50.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions', window );">Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1', window );">Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 50.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member', window );">$39.53 to $40.02 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit', window );">Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Range Limit (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">39.53<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit', window );">Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Range Limit (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 40.02<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions', window );">Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">78,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year 6 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 39.69<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions', window );">Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">78,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1', window );">Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 39.69<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member', window );">$48.06 to $49.55 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit', window );">Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Range Limit (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">48.06<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit', window );">Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Range Limit (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 49.55<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions', window );">Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">88,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year 2 months 12 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 48.75<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions', window );">Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">88,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1', window );">Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 48.75<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member', window );">$55.99 to $59.70 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation, Shares Authorized under Stock Option Plans, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit', window );">Range of Exercise Prices, Lower Range Limit (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">55.99<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit', window );">Range of Exercise Prices, Upper Range Limit (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 59.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions', window );">Options Outstanding, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">120,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Term</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 10 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1', window );">Options Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 57.89<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions', window );">Options Exercisable, Number of Options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">120,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1', window );">Options Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 57.89<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated weighted average fair value for options granted and significant weighted average assumptions used [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Fair Value of Options on Grant Date (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.77<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward', window );"><strong>Options [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Outstanding at Beginning of Year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">372,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">611,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,429,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Granted (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercised (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(34,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(229,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(788,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod', window );">Expired or Forfeited (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(52,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(30,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Outstanding at End of Year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">372,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">611,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,429,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber', window );">Exercisable at End of Year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">372,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">530,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber', window );">Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at End of Year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">372,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">599,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward', window );"><strong>Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Outstanding at Beginning of Year (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 49.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 48.88<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 47.39<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Granted (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercised (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">38.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47.21<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">45.97<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Expired or Forfeited (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">54.57<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56.97<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54.24<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Outstanding at End of Year (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">50.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">49.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48.88<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 47.39<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercisable at End of Year (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">50.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">49.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47.43<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at End of Year (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 50.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 49.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 48.90<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted Average Remaining Term [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Outstanding at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Exercisable at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract', window );"><strong>Average Intrinsic Value [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue', window );">Outstanding at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1', window );">Exercisable at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue', window );">Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Options, Additional Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue', window );">Total intrinsic value of options exercised</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedInPeriodFairValue1', window );">Total grant date fair value of stock options vested</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions', window );">Unrecognized share-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan', window );">Exercise price of stock options granted as percentage of fair market value of stock at date of grant as required by the plan</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod', window );">Exercisable period</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Vesting on Fourth Anniversary Date Following Date of Grant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Vesting on Fifth Anniversary Date Following Date of Grant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Annual Vesting on April 30th [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price of stock options granted as a percentage of the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant pursuant to the terms of the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ExercisePriceOfStockOptionsGrantedAsPercentageOfFairMarketValueOfStockAtDateOfGrantAsRequiredByThePlan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEstimatedWeightedAverageFairValueForOptionsGrantedAndSignificantWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAverageIntrinsicValueAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingTermAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost to be recognized for option under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares into which fully or partially vested stock options outstanding as of the balance sheet date can be currently converted under the option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted-average price as of the balance sheet date at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance on vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated difference between fair value of underlying shares on dates of exercise and exercise price on options exercised (or share units converted) into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For presentations that combine terminations, the number of shares under options that were cancelled during the reporting period as a result of occurrence of a terminating event specified in contractual agreements pertaining to the stock option plan or that expired.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(3)-(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price of options that were either forfeited or expired.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(3)-(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the reporting period as calculated by applying the disclosed option pricing methodology.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which the current fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of options outstanding, including both vested and non-vested options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which current fair value of underlying stock exceeds exercise price of fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding that can be converted into shares under option plan. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted-average exercise price, at which grantee can acquire shares reserved for issuance, for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which option holders acquired shares when converting their stock options into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average per share amount at which grantees can acquire shares of common stock by exercise of options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The floor of a customized range of exercise prices for purposes of disclosing shares potentially issuable under outstanding stock option awards on all stock option plans and other required information pertaining to awards in the customized range.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLowerRangeLimit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares reserved for issuance pertaining to the outstanding exercisable stock options as of the balance sheet date in the customized range of exercise prices for which the market and performance vesting condition has been satisfied.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfExercisableOptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares reserved for issuance pertaining to the outstanding stock options as of the balance sheet date for all option plans in the customized range of exercise prices.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeNumberOfOutstandingOptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The ceiling of a customized range of exercise prices for purposes of disclosing shares potentially issuable under outstanding stock option awards on all stock option plans and other required information pertaining to awards in the customized range.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeUpperRangeLimit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of vesting of award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period from grant date that an equity-based award expires, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of difference between fair value of the underlying shares reserved for issuance and exercise price of vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable or convertible, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of options vested. Excludes equity instruments other than options, for example, but not limited to, share units, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedInPeriodFairValue1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average exercise price as of the balance sheet date for those equity-based payment arrangements exercisable and outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeExercisableOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePrice1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average price as of the balance sheet date at which grantees could acquire the underlying shares with respect to all outstanding stock options which are in the customized range of exercise prices.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageExercisePriceBeginningBalance1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term of outstanding stock options, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeOutstandingOptionsWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange3Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeAxis=jwa_ExercisePriceRange4Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFiveMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6927391120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Provision [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">U.S. - Federal</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,384<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,216)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">International</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,494<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,518<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,112<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">State and Local</a></td>
<td class="nump">172<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,536<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">961<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Total Current Provision</a></td>
<td class="nump">38,811<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,857<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Deferred (Benefit) Provision [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">U.S. - Federal</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,476)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">335<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(26,062)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">International</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,022)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,630)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,420<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">State and Local</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,118)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,454)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">530<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Total Deferred (Benefit) Provision</a></td>
<td class="num">(27,616)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,749)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(23,112)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Total Provision</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,195<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,689<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,745<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestmentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Foreign and domestic pretax income [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign', window );">International</a></td>
<td class="nump">104,185<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">204,326<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">219,178<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic', window );">United States</a></td>
<td class="num">(167,277)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,247)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">(Loss) Income Before Taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (63,092)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 212,952<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 213,931<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperationsTaxRateReconciliationAbstract', window );"><strong>Effective income tax rate reconciliation [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate', window );">U.S. Federal Statutory Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">21.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30.40%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential', window );">Cost (Benefit) of Higher (Lower) Taxes on Non-U.S. Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">4.80%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.90%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8.40%)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes', window );">State Income Taxes, net of U.S. Federal Tax Benefit</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.30%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1.30%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.40%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage', window );">Deferred Tax (Benefit) from U.S. Tax Act</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.10%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11.70%)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits', window );">Tax Credits and Related Benefits</a></td>
<td class="num">(1.10%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(0.80%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1.70%)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseImpairmentLosses', window );">Impairment of goodwill and intangibles</a></td>
<td class="num">(42.30%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationOtherReconcilingItemsPercent', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="num">(3.40%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.10%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.20%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Effective Income Tax Rate</a></td>
<td class="num">(17.70%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.20%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange', window );">Estimated net impact of non-recurring items from Tax Act excluding non-recurring items</a></td>
<td class="nump">24.60%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_TaxExpenseBenefitRelatedToExpirationOfStatuteOfLimitationsAndFavorableResolutionsOfTaxMattersWithTaxAuthorities', window );">Recorded tax benefits due to expiration of statute of limitations and favorable resolutions of certain tax matters with tax authorities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate', window );">Unrecognized tax benefits</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncomeTaxPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued', window );">Accruals for interest and penalties</a></td>
<td class="nump">600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsInterestOnIncomeTaxesExpense', window );">Interest expense on reserves for unrecognized and recognized tax benefits</a></td>
<td class="nump">200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationOfUnrecognizedTaxBenefitsExcludingAmountsPertainingToExaminedTaxReturnsRollForward', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits', window );">Balance, begenning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,659<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,833<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromCurrentPeriodTaxPositions', window );">Additions for Current Year Tax Positions</a></td>
<td class="nump">694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,473<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions', window );">Additions for Prior Year Tax Positions</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">414<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions', window );">Reductions for Prior Year Tax Positions</a></td>
<td class="num">(655)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(578)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation', window );">Foreign Translation Adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(15)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(42)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities', window );">Payments and Settlements</a></td>
<td class="num">(56)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(136)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations', window );">Reductions for Lapse of Statute of Limitations</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,433)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(305)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits', window );">Balance, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,194<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,659<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,833<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Net Operating Losses</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,966<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,491<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsReturnsAndAllowances', window );">Reserve for Sales Returns and Doubtful Accounts</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,638<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,923<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsEmployeeCompensation', window );">Accrued Employee Compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,114<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,528<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards', window );">Foreign and Federal Credits</a></td>
<td class="nump">31,487<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">34,401<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities', window );">Other Accrued Expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,827<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,262<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits', window );">Retirement and Post-Employment Benefits</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,653<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross', window );">Total Gross Deferred Tax Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">121,959<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">116,258<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Less Valuation Allowance</a></td>
<td class="num">(23,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(21,179)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNet', window );">Total Deferred Tax Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">98,672<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">95,079<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPrepaidExpenses', window );">Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,142)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(744)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUndistributedForeignEarnings', window );">Unremitted Foreign Earnings</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,985)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,985)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesIntangibleAndFixedAssets', window );">Intangible and Fixed Assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(205,882)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(226,898)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities', window );">Total Deferred Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(209,009)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(229,627)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities', window );">Net Deferred Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(110,337)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(134,548)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesClassificationAbstract', window );"><strong>Reported As [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet', window );">Deferred Tax Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,790<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,227<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet', window );">Deferred Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(119,127)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(143,775)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities', window );">Net Deferred Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(110,337)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (134,548)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember', window );">Foreign Tax Authority [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsLineItems', window );"><strong>Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TaxCutsAndJobsActOf2017TransitionTaxForAccumulatedForeignEarningsLiability', window );">Estimated taxes upon repatriation</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember', window );">State and Local Jurisdiction [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsLineItems', window );"><strong>Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards</a></td>
<td class="nump">102,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect', window );">Apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards, tax effected value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember', window );">State and Local Jurisdiction [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsLineItems', window );"><strong>Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod', window );">Net operating loss carryforwards, expiration period</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod', window );">Tax credit carryforwards, expiration period</a></td>
<td class="text">6 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember', window );">State and Local Jurisdiction [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsLineItems', window );"><strong>Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod', window );">Net operating loss carryforwards, expiration period</a></td>
<td class="text">20 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod', window );">Tax credit carryforwards, expiration period</a></td>
<td class="text">20 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The tax effect as of the balance sheet date of the amount of estimated future tax deductions arising from postretirement and post-employment benefits, which can only be deducted for tax purposes when actual costs are incurred, and which can only be realized if sufficient tax-basis income is generated in future periods to enable the deduction to be taken.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsRetirementAndPostEmploymentBenefits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesIntangibleAndFixedAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from intangible and fixed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesIntangibleAndFixedAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of reported income tax expense (benefit) in excess of (less than) expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying domestic federal statutory income tax rate to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations, attributable to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCutsAndJobsActPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations, excluding the impact of non-recurring items from the Tax Act and the foreign court decision and tax rate change.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_EffectiveTaxRateExcludingImpactOfNonRecurringItemsFromTheTaxActAndForeignCourtDecisionAndTaxRateChange</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the expiration period of the operating loss carryforwards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The tax effected amount of the operating loss carryforward, available to reduce future taxable income under enacted tax laws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OperatingLossCarryforwardsTaxEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the expiration period of the tax credit carryforwards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_TaxCreditCarryforwardsExpirationPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_TaxExpenseBenefitRelatedToExpirationOfStatuteOfLimitationsAndFavorableResolutionsOfTaxMattersWithTaxAuthorities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to tax expense (benefit) related to the expiration of the statute of limitations and favorable resolutions of certain federal, state and foreign tax matters with tax authorities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_TaxExpenseBenefitRelatedToExpirationOfStatuteOfLimitationsAndFavorableResolutionsOfTaxMattersWithTaxAuthorities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current federal tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current foreign income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current state and local tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred federal income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred foreign income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(26)(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(15)(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(26)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences with jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred state and local tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible operating loss carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before allocation of a valuation allowances, of deferred tax assets attributable to deductible tax credit carryforwards including, but not limited to, research, foreign, general business, alternative minimum tax, and other deductible tax credit carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsEmployeeCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from employee compensation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsEmployeeCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from accrued liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsReturnsAndAllowances">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from estimated returns and sales allowances.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseReservesAndAccrualsReturnsAndAllowances</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences without jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesClassificationAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesClassificationAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPrepaidExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences derived from prepaid expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPrepaidExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUndistributedForeignEarnings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from undistributed earnings of subsidiary and other recognized entity not within country of domicile. Includes, but is not limited to, other basis differences.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesUndistributedForeignEarnings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperationsTaxRateReconciliationAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperationsTaxRateReconciliationAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of domestic federal statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations applicable to statutory income tax expense (benefit) outside of the country of domicile.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationForeignIncomeTaxRateDifferential</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseImpairmentLosses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to impairment loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseImpairmentLosses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationOtherReconcilingItemsPercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference, between reported income tax expense (benefit) and the expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations, that is attributable to tax exempt income, equity in earnings (loss) of an unconsolidated subsidiary, minority interest income (expense), tax holiday, disposition of a business, disposition of an asset, repatriation of foreign earnings, repatriation of foreign earnings jobs creation act of 2004, change in enacted tax rate, prior year income taxes, change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance, and other adjustments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationOtherReconcilingItemsPercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations applicable to state and local income tax expense (benefit), net of federal tax expense (benefit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to tax credits. Including, but not limited to, research credit, foreign tax credit, investment tax credit, and other tax credits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of earnings or loss from continuing operations before income taxes that is attributable to domestic operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of earnings or loss from continuing operations before income taxes that is attributable to foreign operations, which is defined as Income or Loss generated from operations located outside the entity's country of domicile.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.Fact.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
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<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestmentsAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxContingencyLineItems</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120385591&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxUncertaintiesAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of operating loss carryforward, before tax effects, available to reduce future taxable income under enacted tax laws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationOfUnrecognizedTaxBenefitsExcludingAmountsPertainingToExaminedTaxReturnsRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReconciliationOfUnrecognizedTaxBenefitsExcludingAmountsPertainingToExaminedTaxReturnsRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TaxCutsAndJobsActOf2017TransitionTaxForAccumulatedForeignEarningsLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax liability from transition tax on accumulated earnings of controlled foreign corporation deemed repatriated pursuant to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144680<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TaxCutsAndJobsActOf2017TransitionTaxForAccumulatedForeignEarningsLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrecognized tax benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=SL37586934-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from foreign currency translation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from tax positions taken in prior period tax returns.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from settlements with taxing authorities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncomeTaxPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount accrued for interest on an underpayment of income taxes and penalties related to a tax position claimed or expected to be claimed in the tax return.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncomeTaxPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromCurrentPeriodTaxPositions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from tax positions that have been or will be taken in current period tax return.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromCurrentPeriodTaxPositions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from tax positions taken in prior period tax returns.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsInterestOnIncomeTaxesExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of interest expense for an underpayment of income taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsInterestOnIncomeTaxesExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in unrecognized tax benefits resulting from lapses of applicable statutes of limitations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=us-gaap_StateAndLocalJurisdictionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>22
<FILENAME>R75.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6932804144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans, Components of Net Pension Expense (Income) and Weighted-Average Assumptions (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average assumptions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees', window );">Retirement plans settlemt charges for employees</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation', window );">Projected benefit obligation for plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">853,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 794,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateAccumulatedBenefitObligation', window );">Accumulated benefit obligation for plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">816,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">762,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair value of plan assets for plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">659,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">621,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Defined benefit plans, net pension (income) expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost', window );">Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost', window );">Interest Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,247<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,704<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,666<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets', window );">Expected Return on Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(14,038)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,472)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,154)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit', window );">Net Amortization of Prior Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(154)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(154)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(154)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses', window );">Recognized Net Actuarial Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,403<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,035<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,289<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanRecognizedNetGainLossDueToSettlementsAndCurtailments1', window );">Curtailment/Settlement Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net Pension Expense (Income)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (542)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 113<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 647<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average assumptions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostDiscountRate', window );">Discount Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">4.10%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4.30%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4.10%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostExpectedLongTermReturnOnAssets', window );">Expected Return on Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">6.80%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.80%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.80%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation', window );">Projected benefit obligation for plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 318,967<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 285,197<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Defined benefit plans, net pension (income) expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost', window );">Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,851<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">912<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 960<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost', window );">Interest Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,652<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,943<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,876<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets', window );">Expected Return on Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(26,116)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25,551)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(26,385)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit', window );">Net Amortization of Prior Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">73<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses', window );">Recognized Net Actuarial Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,993<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,746<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,832<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanRecognizedNetGainLossDueToSettlementsAndCurtailments1', window );">Curtailment/Settlement Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">291<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Net Pension Expense (Income)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (7,256)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,893)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,641)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average assumptions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostDiscountRate', window );">Discount Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.60%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.60%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostRateOfCompensationIncrease', window );">Rate of Compensation Increase</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostExpectedLongTermReturnOnAssets', window );">Expected Return on Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">6.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.50%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation', window );">Projected benefit obligation for plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 497,489<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 477,561<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Settlement charge related to retirement plan for employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementChargesEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=SL108413299-114919<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of prior service cost (credit) recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit) of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=SL108413299-114919<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostDiscountRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average rate for present value of future retirement benefits cash flows, used to determine net periodic benefit cost of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (k)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostDiscountRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostExpectedLongTermReturnOnAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average rate of return on plan assets, reflecting average rate of earnings expected on existing plan assets and expected contributions, used to determine net periodic benefit cost of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (k)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2919-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostExpectedLongTermReturnOnAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostRateOfCompensationIncrease">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average rate of compensation increase used to determine net periodic benefit cost of defined benefit plan. Plan includes, but is not limited to, pay-related defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (k)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingNetPeriodicBenefitCostRateOfCompensationIncrease</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expected return (loss) recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit, calculated based on expected long-term rate of return and market-related value of plan assets of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=SL108413299-114919<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost recognized for passage of time related to defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=SL108413299-114919<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated benefit obligation for defined benefit plan with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2417-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2417-114920<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of plan asset for defined benefit plan with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2417-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2417-114920<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of projected benefit obligation for defined benefit pension plan with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2417-114920<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit from settlement and curtailment.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost for actuarial present value of benefits attributed to service rendered by employee for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 1 &#x2013; Description of Business&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The Company, founded in 1807, was incorporated in the state of New York on January 15, 1904. Throughout this report, when we refer to &#x201c;Wiley,&#x201d; the &#x201c;Company,&#x201d; &#x201c;we,&#x201d; &#x201c;our,&#x201d; or &#x201c;us,&#x201d; we are referring to John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc. and all of our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We are a global research and learning company. Through our &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/span&gt; segment, we provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.&#160;The &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/span&gt; segment provides scientific, professional, and education books in print and digital formats, digital courseware, and&#160; test preparation services, to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers, as well as learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals&#160; The &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Services &lt;/span&gt;segment provides online program management services for higher education institutions and mthree training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses. We have operations primarily located in the United States (&#x201c;U.S.&#x201d;), United Kingdom (&#x201c;U.K.&#x201d;), Germany, Russia, Sri Lanka, Canada, Jordan, and France.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 2 &#x2013; Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Basis of Presentation:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all of the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Reclassifications:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#x2019;s presentation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the three months ended January 31, 2020, we identified an immaterial error within our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, including the results for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. Certain consideration received for services not yet performed, mainly for our annual subscription licensing revenue agreements, was presented as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, Net, rather than an increase to Contract Liabilities. The correction increases Accounts Receivable, Net and increases Contract Liabilities by approximately $11.8 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. There was no impact on Revenue, Net, Operating Income, Net Income, Earnings Per Share, or Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Management has evaluated all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors and has concluded that the error is not material to the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for the previously reported periods. We have revised our accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position to correct this for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 and any related disclosures. This immaterial error did not impact the April 30, 2020 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The current policy for our subscription licensing agreements is to record accounts receivable when performance occurs and recognize contract liabilities once the invoice is due, or cash payment is received from the customer&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Use of Estimates:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans.&#160; We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Book Overdrafts:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, book overdrafts of $7.4 million, in each year respectively, were included in Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Revenue Recognition:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#x2019;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;See Note 3, &#x201c;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#x201d; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of our revenue recognition policy.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Cash and Cash Equivalents:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The estimated allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a review of the aging of the accounts receivable balances, historical write-off experience, credit evaluations of customers, and current market conditions. A change in the evaluation of a customer&#x2019;s credit could affect the estimated allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts is shown as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and amounted to $18.3 million and $14.3 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Sales Return Reserves:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns. Print book sales return reserves amounted to a net liability balance of $19.6 million and $18.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#x2013; increase (decrease):&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb618d3d05363434f893c98e1fec72258" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Increase in Inventories, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Decrease in Accrued royalties&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,441&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,653&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Increase in Contract liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,769&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25,934&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Print book sales return reserve net liability balance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(18,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Inventories:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. U.S. book inventories aggregating $24.3 million and $21.0 million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method.&#160;All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Product Development Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs. Costs associated with developing a book publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2020, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately 6 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Royalty Advances:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Royalty advances are capitalized and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Shipping and Handling Costs:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $28.8 million, $32.7 million, and $33.7 million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Advertising and Marketing Costs:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. We incurred $103.1 million, $89.5 million, and $68.3 million in advertising and marketing costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, and these costs are included in Cost of Sales and Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Advertising and marketing costs of $65.8 million, $53.7 million, and $38.3 million were included in Cost of Sales in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. This includes certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by our Education Services business to fulfill performance obligations from contracts with educational institutions.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Advertising and marketing costs of $37.3 million, $35.8 million, and $30.0 million were included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Technology, Property, and Equipment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software &#x2013; 3 to 10 years, Computer Hardware &#x2013; 3 to 5 years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements &#x2013; the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to 40 years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment &#x2013; 5 to 10 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services and payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally 3 to 5 years. Costs related to the investment in our Enterprise Resource Planning and related systems are amortized over an expected useful life of 10 years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed required us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as projected revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets:&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, brands and trademarks, developed technology and non-compete agreements and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity of the brands, trademarks, and content and publication rights and developed technology acquired combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2020, are amortized on a straight line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights &#x2013; 34 years, customer relationships &#x2013; 16 years, brands and trademarks &#x2013; 13 years, developed technology &#x2013; 7 years, and non-compete agreements &#x2013; 5 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Assets with definite lives are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment.&#160;In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Derivative Financial Instruments:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160; Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Foreign Currency Gains/Losses:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We maintain operations in many non-U.S. locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#x2019; Equity.&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income as incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Stock-Based Compensation:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards.&#160;As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. Judgment was also required in estimating the amount of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income could be impacted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 which requires entities to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted ASU 2014-09, and all related amendments, which established ASC Topic 606 (the "new revenue standard"), effective as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue are recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard was not material to our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2019; therefore, we have omitted the disclosure that summarizes the effect of the revenue recognition standard by line item on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#x201c;Income Statement&#x2014;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#x201d; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is to release when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#x201d; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;6, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#x201d;. ASU 2017-12&lt;/span&gt; eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Leases&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#x201d;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#x201d;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#x201d;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#x201d; and ASU 2018-10, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#x201c;ROU&#x201d;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#x2019; Equity, Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 12, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d;, for further details on our operating leases.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#x201c;Intangibles&#x2013;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#x201c;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#x201d;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#x2019;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#x2019;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted ASU 2017-04 during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&#160; See Note&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; 11, &#x201c;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#x201d; for further details on the impairment charges we recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reference Rate Reform&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, &#x201c;Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.&#x201d; This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting.&#160; This would apply to companies meeting certain criteria that have contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform.&#160; This standard is effective for us as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, &#x201c;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.&#x201d;&#160;This ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740, &#x201c;Income Taxes&#x201d; and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application.&#160; The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, and early adoption is permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued.&#160;We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#x201c;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#x201d; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. This ASU may be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020 prospectively to all implementation costs that will be incurred on or after the date of adoption. The impact will be based on future implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, which we currently do not expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#x201c;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#x201d; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#x201c;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#x201d; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020.&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2018-13 will have an impact on our consolidated financial statements with the exception of new and expanded disclosures.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments&lt;/div&gt;

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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#x201c;Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#x201d; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#x201d;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#x201d; in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#x201d; in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#x201d; and in February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, &#x201c;Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)&#x2014;Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)&#160; (SEC Update)&#x201d;. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020. Based on financial instruments currently held by us, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will primarily impact our trade receivables, specifically our allowance for doubtful accounts. We haven&#x2019;t completed our analysis, however, due to the historical, current and expected credit quality of our customers, we do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial results.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationBasisOfPresentationBusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_fde3a4a5ed454c069664ed7fec18e397">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Basis of Presentation:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all of the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_124488f10a664507a1f1dc642885eab6">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Reclassifications:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#x2019;s presentation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the three months ended January 31, 2020, we identified an immaterial error within our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, including the results for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. Certain consideration received for services not yet performed, mainly for our annual subscription licensing revenue agreements, was presented as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, Net, rather than an increase to Contract Liabilities. The correction increases Accounts Receivable, Net and increases Contract Liabilities by approximately $11.8 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. There was no impact on Revenue, Net, Operating Income, Net Income, Earnings Per Share, or Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Management has evaluated all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors and has concluded that the error is not material to the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for the previously reported periods. We have revised our accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position to correct this for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 and any related disclosures. This immaterial error did not impact the April 30, 2020 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The current policy for our subscription licensing agreements is to record accounts receivable when performance occurs and recognize contract liabilities once the invoice is due, or cash payment is received from the customer&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription>
    <jwa:ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsRestatementByRestatementPeriodAndAmountAxis_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_RestatementAxis_RestatementAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_b816a18d318b4c8f9140ce0793f8126a"
      unitRef="U001">11800000</jwa:ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability>
    <jwa:ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsRestatementByRestatementPeriodAndAmountAxis_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember_RestatementAxis_RestatementAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_e25f53ae216740608eb32f2751cd5c81"
      unitRef="U001">11800000</jwa:ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss>
    <us-gaap:UseOfEstimates
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_601506937a334a4bbcdda4f825c6762b">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Use of Estimates:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans.&#160; We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:UseOfEstimates>
    <jwa:CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_073e38ed1fe34e65a4694610d4566c12">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Book Overdrafts:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, book overdrafts of $7.4 million, in each year respectively, were included in Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.&lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BankOverdrafts
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_820bd612c7e84efdb751a9114bf46ebc"
      unitRef="U001">7400000</us-gaap:BankOverdrafts>
    <us-gaap:BankOverdrafts
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_f185e6c1df5840b3b966f2b2bb0b119b"
      unitRef="U001">7400000</us-gaap:BankOverdrafts>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_1a1410d578b44e0dad0bae14459429d7">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Revenue Recognition:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#x2019;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;See Note 3, &#x201c;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#x201d; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of our revenue recognition policy.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_9c7c52b355df4f66b4d059c4a15d9a0c">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Cash and Cash Equivalents:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_6e64362c8c764ee0ab698cc842360c68">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The estimated allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a review of the aging of the accounts receivable balances, historical write-off experience, credit evaluations of customers, and current market conditions. A change in the evaluation of a customer&#x2019;s credit could affect the estimated allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts is shown as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and amounted to $18.3 million and $14.3 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_44d10dcb154e4b7aa53f5ce4e56ec0a8"
      unitRef="U001">18300000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_4f7a7eef67ce48e093dea99c21c5d2a4"
      unitRef="U001">14300000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <jwa:SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_e0043bb9af214646896323dfb17b7fe5">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Sales Return Reserves:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns. Print book sales return reserves amounted to a net liability balance of $19.6 million and $18.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#x2013; increase (decrease):&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb618d3d05363434f893c98e1fec72258" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Increase in Inventories, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Decrease in Accrued royalties&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,441&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,653&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Increase in Contract liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,769&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25,934&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Print book sales return reserve net liability balance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(18,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</jwa:SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock>
    <jwa:NetSalesReturnReservesByBalanceSheetAccountTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_4cbdf63a65c44016af0925bb404488c8">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#x2013; increase (decrease):&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb618d3d05363434f893c98e1fec72258" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Increase in Inventories, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Decrease in Accrued royalties&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,441&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,653&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Increase in Contract liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,769&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25,934&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Print book sales return reserve net liability balance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(18,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
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      unitRef="U001">8686000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_405c90e457ad4d4da1f1c84e74a1bfec"
      unitRef="U001">3739000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
      contextRef="c20200430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_RoyaltiesPayableMember"
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      id="Fact_5302212cef0e4db9ac5be999fcefe58d"
      unitRef="U001">-4441000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
      contextRef="c20190430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_RoyaltiesPayableMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ef1c30fceb87404e903b1507648d71de"
      unitRef="U001">-3653000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
      contextRef="c20200430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember"
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      id="Fact_cc216e5b6e374893b8c25a92b8dde95f"
      unitRef="U001">32769000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
      contextRef="c20190430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_6c65658cbb604015ae3fa3c54eb5359a"
      unitRef="U001">25934000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_93c9890378d9445ba137a05042775bef"
      unitRef="U001">-19642000</jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded>
    <jwa:IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded
      contextRef="c20190430"
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      id="Fact_65a782f32d6f49acaac6ccc9c94042d8"
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    <us-gaap:InventoryPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_54819af8b3104dfb8ca116098c25a0da">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Inventories:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. U.S. book inventories aggregating $24.3 million and $21.0 million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method.&#160;All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:InventoryPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LIFOInventoryAmount
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_d8e283e0cf9e48c38c7999b0eb95c0f5"
      unitRef="U001">24300000</us-gaap:LIFOInventoryAmount>
    <us-gaap:LIFOInventoryAmount
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_4cfd3893c9b747acb6f297f2dfa43e6f"
      unitRef="U001">21000000.0</us-gaap:LIFOInventoryAmount>
    <jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_ba45edfa3ca449779f76175fda1ab02a">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Product Development Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs. Costs associated with developing a book publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2020, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately 6 years.&lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember"
      id="Fact_47e1aed8a03d4010835c85660a1f5a0b">P1Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_BookCompositionCostsMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember"
      id="Fact_edd2c843a0064745adfe302a8f0e7b2a">P3Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember_RangeAxis_WeightedAverageMember"
      id="Fact_b3026b94d7714f0185497d519e8a095b">P6Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife>
    <jwa:RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_0868b47040f24e38a84d355b5457507b">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Royalty Advances:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Royalty advances are capitalized and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.&lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock>
    <jwa:ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_eafddef8c1b145e0ba0e0df13052a519">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Shipping and Handling Costs:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $28.8 million, $32.7 million, and $33.7 million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
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      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_57b1f9894a7e43a3882a08f4b1bc31d3"
      unitRef="U001">28800000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
    <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_f4aadd6a00ae4ad69f6a91d1fd1525b2"
      unitRef="U001">32700000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
    <us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ShippingAndHandlingMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_2c8d5fd807be41a9bb42c0a127ad3f5d"
      unitRef="U001">33700000</us-gaap:CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_1807725cecdd4e14b9d9267c1db91b43">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Advertising and Marketing Costs:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. We incurred $103.1 million, $89.5 million, and $68.3 million in advertising and marketing costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, and these costs are included in Cost of Sales and Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Advertising and marketing costs of $65.8 million, $53.7 million, and $38.3 million were included in Cost of Sales in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. This includes certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by our Education Services business to fulfill performance obligations from contracts with educational institutions.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Advertising and marketing costs of $37.3 million, $35.8 million, and $30.0 million were included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_0930f5ec11924a699ba3c7a13178021c"
      unitRef="U001">103100000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_5d042ce382ef4e818383564d6478f3a0"
      unitRef="U001">89500000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_46dfe3fcd84b4a17b1da2e9420c5126c"
      unitRef="U001">68300000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_CostOfSalesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_e92ddf108cb64f72b28cf57bc75f93e9"
      unitRef="U001">65800000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_CostOfSalesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_36fe86be4b6c48818aa25c8a87254934"
      unitRef="U001">53700000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_CostOfSalesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_ff8cca4dc59b46dca514ae7f9e52bba5"
      unitRef="U001">38300000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_99e5561bf7aa45798b240ac49d7629e1"
      unitRef="U001">37300000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_61da2b4a9d514b1191bda681909967e2"
      unitRef="U001">35800000</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_d8581e1d42974e0eb5033b1b8c11b243"
      unitRef="U001">30000000.0</us-gaap:AdvertisingExpense>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_c03c1901129f490cbc33f74cb6321b01">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Technology, Property, and Equipment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software &#x2013; 3 to 10 years, Computer Hardware &#x2013; 3 to 5 years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements &#x2013; the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to 40 years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment &#x2013; 5 to 10 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services and payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally 3 to 5 years. Costs related to the investment in our Enterprise Resource Planning and related systems are amortized over an expected useful life of 10 years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred.&lt;/div&gt;
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    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationsPolicy
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_7497706644334c81a9e8615ec2e73797">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed required us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as projected revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsIndefiniteLivedPolicy
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, brands and trademarks, developed technology and non-compete agreements and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity of the brands, trademarks, and content and publication rights and developed technology acquired combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2020, are amortized on a straight line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights &#x2013; 34 years, customer relationships &#x2013; 16 years, brands and trademarks &#x2013; 13 years, developed technology &#x2013; 7 years, and non-compete agreements &#x2013; 5 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Assets with definite lives are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment.&#160;In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows.&lt;/div&gt;
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    <us-gaap:DerivativesPolicyTextBlock
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Derivative Financial Instruments:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160; Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:DerivativesPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Foreign Currency Gains/Losses:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We maintain operations in many non-U.S. locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#x2019; Equity.&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income as incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_3143136c151a4565adbd9ae620faf18f">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Stock-Based Compensation:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards.&#160;As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. Judgment was also required in estimating the amount of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income could be impacted.&lt;/div&gt;
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    <jwa:RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 which requires entities to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted ASU 2014-09, and all related amendments, which established ASC Topic 606 (the "new revenue standard"), effective as &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue are recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard was not material to our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2019; therefore, we have omitted the disclosure that summarizes the effect of the revenue recognition standard by line item on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#x201c;Income Statement&#x2014;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#x201d; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is to release when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#x201d; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;6, &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#x201d;. ASU 2017-12&lt;/span&gt; eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Leases&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#x201d;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#x201d;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#x201d;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#x201c;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#x201d; and ASU 2018-10, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#x201d;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#x201c;ROU&#x201d;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#x2019; Equity, Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 12, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d;, for further details on our operating leases.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#x201c;Intangibles&#x2013;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#x201c;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#x201d;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#x2019;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#x2019;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted ASU 2017-04 during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&#160; See Note&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; 11, &#x201c;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#x201d; for further details on the impairment charges we recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_b085a071488e4dfc82d9732e8120a654">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reference Rate Reform&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, &#x201c;Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.&#x201d; This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting.&#160; This would apply to companies meeting certain criteria that have contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform.&#160; This standard is effective for us as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, &#x201c;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.&#x201d;&#160;This ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740, &#x201c;Income Taxes&#x201d; and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application.&#160; The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, and early adoption is permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued.&#160;We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#x201c;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#x2019;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#x201d; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. This ASU may be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020 prospectively to all implementation costs that will be incurred on or after the date of adoption. The impact will be based on future implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, which we currently do not expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#x201c;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#x201d; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#x201c;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#x201d; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020.&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2018-13 will have an impact on our consolidated financial statements with the exception of new and expanded disclosures.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#x201c;Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#x201d; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#x201d;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#x201d; in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#x201d; in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, &#x201c;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#x201d; and in February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, &#x201c;Financial Instruments&#x2014;Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)&#x2014;Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)&#160; (SEC Update)&#x201d;. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020. Based on financial instruments currently held by us, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will primarily impact our trade receivables, specifically our allowance for doubtful accounts. We haven&#x2019;t completed our analysis, however, due to the historical, current and expected credit quality of our customers, we do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial results.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_e89996b178c14efe8799d1b114ac6e77">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 3 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Disaggregation of Revenue&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z2bf83c0ba16f451581161e47b52e39b8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;908,952&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;903,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;903,950&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39,887&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35,968&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,907&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;948,839&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;939,217&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;936,857&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;352,188&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372,018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;401,607&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;298,601&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;331,285&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;338,508&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;650,789&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;703,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;740,115&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;214,376&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;157,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;119,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;mthree&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,479&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;231,855&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;157,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;119,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,796,103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Description of Revenue Generating Activities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Part I, Item 1, &#x201c;Business&#x201d; for a description of our business and our reportable segments.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms Segment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms revenue by product type are Research Publishing and Research Platforms.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb6d48f271386474694bc1af41e7147b1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc5c0ac7b9c184d0793bfa361b63bff9e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other; and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z506d658eeb364172bfa618933f5fb900" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Journal subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a &lt;/span&gt;typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In journal subscriptions, there are generally two performance obligations; a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content; and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content, which also includes online hosting of the content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price which is generally the contractually stated price and the revenue for new content is recognized over one year as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Within licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property.&#160; Due to the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights. The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&#x2019;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide an APC at a discount to eligible users who are&#160; defined in the contract, in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is recorded as a contract liability and revenue is recognized over time.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2019, Wiley announced a new contractual arrangement in support of Open Access, a countrywide partnership agreement with Projekt DEAL, a representative of nearly &lt;/span&gt;700&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; academic institutions in Germany. This transformative three-year agreement provides all Projekt DEAL institutions with access to read Wiley&#x2019;s academic journals back to the year 1997, and researchers at Projekt DEAL institutions can publish articles open access in Wiley&#x2019;s journals. The partnership will better support institutions and researchers in advancing open science, driving discovery, and developing and disseminating knowledge. &lt;/span&gt;Projekt DEAL includes multiple performance obligations, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content, perpetual license for access to historical journal content and accepting articles to be hosted on our open access platform. &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We are compensated primarily through a fee per article published and a consolidated access fee.&lt;/span&gt; The consideration for Projekt DEAL consists of fixed and variable consideration. We allocated the total consideration to the fixed and variable components based on stand-alone selling prices for each performance obligation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period. The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning revenue by product type are Education Publishing and Professional Learning.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8b7a5078b7cb47d18dba273524c03d3b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education and STM Publishing;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8ff4cb25780c438c967e29a1aba65bf2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Digital Courseware;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19da013f5d7a47b3aa96500686b95bde" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification; and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19e043a2fcbb41c28e8068f548fdcc03" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Licensing and Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Publishing and STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) Publishing within Education Publishing and Professional Publishing within Professional Learning product type below&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our performance obligations as it relates to Education, STM and Professional Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased which are represented by an International Standard Book Number (&#x201c;ISBN&#x2019;s&#x201d;), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation.&#160; Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price since Wiley sells the books separately.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As it relates to print and digital books within the Education, STM, and Professional Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Digital Courseware&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#x2019;s purchased. Revenue is recognized when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as textbooks, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed; however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing and Other&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional Learning generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb87d21b22843487aadccd76a208b5212" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Publishing, which is described above;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd125216affa1488b87e44473703e3e31" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Licensing and Other, which is described above;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="ze2db50c3d99142fbb525a1a834f71b88" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Training - Professional Assessment; and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z44fcced9648b4b9aa9885e976c0b41d7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Training - Corporate Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Corporate Training - Professional Assessment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Assessment through our authorized distributor network includes multiple performance obligations. This includes a performance obligation that includes an annual membership which includes the right to purchase products and services, access to the platform, support and training.&#160; This performance obligation is recognized over time since we have an obligation to stand-ready for the customer&#x2019;s use of the services.&#160; In addition, there are performance obligations for the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time when the assessment, product or service is provided or delivered.&#160; The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its observable standalone selling price.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessment customers&#x2019; unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive an assessment and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#x201c;breakage&#x201d; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer which is generally one year.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Corporate Training - Corporate Learning&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services revenue by product type are Education Services and mthree.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue is primarily derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods. These optional renewal periods are not a material right and are not considered a separate performance obligation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also when the variable consideration contingency is resolved.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;mthree&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;mthree includes a performance obligation for the services provided which is recognized over the period of time the services are provided to its customers.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za011364e7ca94d4e82d2d12f6012481f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Increase/&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Decrease)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balances from contracts with customers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;309,384&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;306,631&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,753&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liabilities &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;520,214&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;519,129&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,085&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liabilities (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,949&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,227&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9e78359d14854942a20386cd6ba7d25b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liabilities is $32.8 million and $25.9 million as of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="display:none;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For the year ended April 30, 2020, we estimate that we recognized as revenue substantially all of the current contract liability at April 30, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The increase to contract liabilities in fiscal year 2020 was primarily driven by renewals of journal subscription agreements, as well as open access and comprehensive agreements, partially offset by revenue earned on journal subscriptions and open access and comprehensive agreements and the negative impact of foreign exchange.&#160; The acquisitions during the year ended April 30, 2020 did not have a material impact on the change in our contract liability balances during fiscal year 2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $535.2 million, which included the sales return reserve of $32.8 million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $487.5 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $14.9 million to be recognized thereafter.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These costs are amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research Platforms and (2) Education Services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $11.5 million and $8.9 million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense of $4.2 million and $2.6 million during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $28.8 million, $32.7 million, and $33.7 million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 respectively. &lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_597df535f25345429aaae919b2a7ffb2">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z2bf83c0ba16f451581161e47b52e39b8" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;908,952&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;903,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;903,950&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39,887&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35,968&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,907&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;948,839&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;939,217&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;936,857&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;352,188&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372,018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;401,607&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;298,601&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;331,285&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;338,508&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;650,789&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;703,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;740,115&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;214,376&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;157,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;119,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;mthree&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,479&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;231,855&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;157,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;119,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,796,103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Description of Revenue Generating Activities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Part I, Item 1, &#x201c;Business&#x201d; for a description of our business and our reportable segments.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms Segment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms revenue by product type are Research Publishing and Research Platforms.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Publishing&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb6d48f271386474694bc1af41e7147b1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc5c0ac7b9c184d0793bfa361b63bff9e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other; and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z506d658eeb364172bfa618933f5fb900" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Journal Subscriptions&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Journal subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a &lt;/span&gt;typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In journal subscriptions, there are generally two performance obligations; a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content; and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content, which also includes online hosting of the content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price which is generally the contractually stated price and the revenue for new content is recognized over one year as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Within licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property.&#160; Due to the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights. The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&#x2019;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide an APC at a discount to eligible users who are&#160; defined in the contract, in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is recorded as a contract liability and revenue is recognized over time.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In January 2019, Wiley announced a new contractual arrangement in support of Open Access, a countrywide partnership agreement with Projekt DEAL, a representative of nearly &lt;/span&gt;700&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; academic institutions in Germany. This transformative three-year agreement provides all Projekt DEAL institutions with access to read Wiley&#x2019;s academic journals back to the year 1997, and researchers at Projekt DEAL institutions can publish articles open access in Wiley&#x2019;s journals. The partnership will better support institutions and researchers in advancing open science, driving discovery, and developing and disseminating knowledge. &lt;/span&gt;Projekt DEAL includes multiple performance obligations, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content, perpetual license for access to historical journal content and accepting articles to be hosted on our open access platform. &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We are compensated primarily through a fee per article published and a consolidated access fee.&lt;/span&gt; The consideration for Projekt DEAL consists of fixed and variable consideration. We allocated the total consideration to the fixed and variable components based on stand-alone selling prices for each performance obligation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Research Platforms&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period. The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning revenue by product type are Education Publishing and Professional Learning.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Publishing&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Education Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8b7a5078b7cb47d18dba273524c03d3b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education and STM Publishing;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8ff4cb25780c438c967e29a1aba65bf2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Digital Courseware;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19da013f5d7a47b3aa96500686b95bde" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification; and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19e043a2fcbb41c28e8068f548fdcc03" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Licensing and Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Publishing and STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) Publishing within Education Publishing and Professional Publishing within Professional Learning product type below&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our performance obligations as it relates to Education, STM and Professional Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased which are represented by an International Standard Book Number (&#x201c;ISBN&#x2019;s&#x201d;), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation.&#160; Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price since Wiley sells the books separately.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As it relates to print and digital books within the Education, STM, and Professional Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Digital Courseware&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#x2019;s purchased. Revenue is recognized when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as textbooks, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed; however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Licensing and Other&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Professional Learning generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zb87d21b22843487aadccd76a208b5212" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 3pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Publishing, which is described above;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd125216affa1488b87e44473703e3e31" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Licensing and Other, which is described above;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="ze2db50c3d99142fbb525a1a834f71b88" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Training - Professional Assessment; and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z44fcced9648b4b9aa9885e976c0b41d7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Training - Corporate Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Corporate Training - Professional Assessment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Professional Assessment through our authorized distributor network includes multiple performance obligations. This includes a performance obligation that includes an annual membership which includes the right to purchase products and services, access to the platform, support and training.&#160; This performance obligation is recognized over time since we have an obligation to stand-ready for the customer&#x2019;s use of the services.&#160; In addition, there are performance obligations for the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time when the assessment, product or service is provided or delivered.&#160; The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its observable standalone selling price.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessment customers&#x2019; unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive an assessment and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#x201c;breakage&#x201d; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer which is generally one year.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Corporate Training - Corporate Learning&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services revenue by product type are Education Services and mthree.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue is primarily derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods. These optional renewal periods are not a material right and are not considered a separate performance obligation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also when the variable consideration contingency is resolved.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;mthree&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;mthree includes a performance obligation for the services provided which is recognized over the period of time the services are provided to its customers.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerPolicyTextBlock>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember"
      id="Fact_38073e939c3049af8f2d588272665b9c">P1Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <jwa:NumberOfPerformanceObligations
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_JournalRevenueMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact_52e2901b252943379b5a5826399680d9"
      unitRef="U004">2</jwa:NumberOfPerformanceObligations>
    <jwa:NumberOfAcademicInstitutions
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_606a72a9fba247c6b8101bf5431815fd"
      unitRef="U005">700</jwa:NumberOfAcademicInstitutions>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember"
      id="Fact_fac50ff2589544008e2a35f234b233d8">P2Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_PublishingTechnologyServicesAtyponMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember"
      id="Fact_3eb42fdc6e774ac4a1e5a03b056fd9a1">P5Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_TestPreparationAndCertificationMember"
      id="Fact_36789c774acc4c2d96f6ea9d0d8c6979">P3Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_ProfessionalAssessmentMember"
      id="Fact_ba27977ff0e041f4a05767e4b205fc72">P1Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_RangeAxis_MinimumMember"
      id="Fact_b6352ed153b74e53acfaeb99f6442e43">P7Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <jwa:DurationOfContracts
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ProductOrServiceAxis_OnlineProgramManagementDeltakMember_RangeAxis_MaximumMember"
      id="Fact_9f6d67fe3b704a1bb285fe6d8464001b">P10Y</jwa:DurationOfContracts>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_321c2c70d53b4b9f883a6a8d2a9ee362">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za011364e7ca94d4e82d2d12f6012481f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Increase/&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Decrease)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balances from contracts with customers:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;309,384&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;306,631&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,753&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liabilities &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;520,214&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;519,129&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,085&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Contract liabilities (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,949&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,227&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9e78359d14854942a20386cd6ba7d25b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liabilities is $32.8 million and $25.9 million as of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      id="Fact_a163d7965f9e4dd893f2ff82ddc38610"
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 4 &#x2013; Acquisitions&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Fiscal Year 2020&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Pro forma financial information related to these acquisitions has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;mthree&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;On January 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of &lt;/span&gt;100%&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; of the outstanding stock of mthree. mthree is a rapidly growing education services provider that addresses the IT skills gap by finding, training and placing job-ready technology talent in roles with leading corporations worldwide. Its results of operations are included in our Education Services segment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The preliminary fair value of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date was $&lt;/span&gt;128.6&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million (&#xa3;&lt;/span&gt;97.5&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million) which included $&lt;/span&gt;122.2&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of cash and $&lt;/span&gt;6.4&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date. We financed the payment of the cash consideration primarily through borrowings under our Amended and Restated RCA (as defined below in Note 14, &#x201c;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#x201d;) and using cash on hand. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred including those amounts paid after the acquisition date, net of $&lt;/span&gt;2.2&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of cash acquired was approximately $&lt;/span&gt;126.4&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;At the time of the acquisition, Wiley entered into agreements with certain employees of mthree who will remain employees after the acquisition. Cash payments will be made based on reaching certain revenue and EBITDA targets in each year over a &lt;/span&gt;four-year&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; period. Such payments are subject to continuing employment and would therefore be considered compensation expense for services provided subsequent to the acquisition.&#160; Such expense would be recognized when it becomes probable that the targets will be achieved.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The mthree acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets has been recorded to Goodwill in our &lt;/span&gt;Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;as of&#160;April 30, 2020. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date. &lt;/span&gt;None&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. The acquisition related costs to acquire mthree were expensed when incurred and were approximately $&lt;/span&gt;1.3&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;million. Such costs were primarily allocated to the Education Services segment and are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income in the year ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;mthree&#x2019;s revenue and operating loss included in our Education Services segment results for the year ended &lt;/span&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; was $&lt;/span&gt;17.5&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million and $&lt;/span&gt;1.7&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, respectively.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the preliminary consideration transferred to acquire mthree and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z907878dd964744aaa10806433af4a5b9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Preliminary&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Allocation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total cash consideration transferred&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;122,242&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,750&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;484&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,836&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,561&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,710&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;152,341&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Liabilities&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,380&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Income Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,692&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Long-Term Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;305&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,099&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8065aea652b342cd82a9064e4a3b3d8c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Estimated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Useful Life&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,792&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,725&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,319&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,836&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is preliminary, and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report, leases and related commitments, tax related matters and contingencies and certain assets and liabilities, including receivables and payables, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Zyante Inc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. (&#x201c;zyBooks&#x201d;), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. The results of operations of zyBooks is included in our Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment results. The fair value of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date was $&lt;/span&gt;57.1&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million which included $&lt;/span&gt;55.9&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of cash and $&lt;/span&gt;1.2&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the three months ended January 31, 2020. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred including those amounts paid after the acquisition date, net of $&lt;/span&gt;1.8&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of cash acquired was approximately $&lt;/span&gt;54.7&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The zyBooks acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets has been recorded to Goodwill in our C&lt;/span&gt;onsolidated Statements of Financial Position &lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;as of&#160;April 30, 2020. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. Goodwill has been allocated to the Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment. &lt;/span&gt;None&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. zyBooks revenue included in our Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment results for the year ended &lt;/span&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; was $&lt;/span&gt;13.5&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire zyBooks and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z20cd9184e5b7492089b2282b5a9874a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Final&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Allocation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total cash consideration transferred&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,939&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,280&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,500&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,903&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;63,711&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Liabilities&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,581&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Income Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,191&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,772&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z73bbb9c2ee4b4af5a908ccc3af0a90f9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Useful Life&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Developed Technology&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,800&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,900&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,500&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is final.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Other Acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The preliminary fair value of cash consideration transferred during the year ended &lt;/span&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; for all other acquisitions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; was approximately $&lt;/span&gt;48.5&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million. These other acquisitions were accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting as of their respective acquisition dates. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets of $&lt;/span&gt;27.9&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million has been recorded to Goodwill in our &lt;/span&gt;Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, and $&lt;/span&gt;27.7&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of intangible assets subject to amortization have been recorded, including customer relationships, developed technology and content that are being amortized over estimated weighted average useful lives of &lt;/span&gt;8&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;5&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;10&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, respectively. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. Goodwill of $&lt;/span&gt;8.5&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million has been allocated to the Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment, and $&lt;/span&gt;19.4&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million has been allocated to the Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment. The revenue for the year ended &lt;/span&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; related to these other acquisitions was approximately $9.7 million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;On April 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.&#x2019;s Informatics products including the company&#x2019;s spectroscopy software and spectral databases (&#x201c;Informatics&#x201d;). The results of Informatics are included in our Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment results.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;On March 2, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Madgex Holdings Limited (&#x201c;Madgex&#x201d;), a market-leading provider of advanced job board software and career center services. The results of Madgex are included in our Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment results.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for Informatics and Madgex is preliminary, and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report, leases and related commitments, tax related matters and contingencies and certain assets and liabilities, including receivables and payables, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition dates.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of Knewton, Inc. (&#x201c;Knewton&#x201d;). Knewton is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology. The results of Knewton are included in our Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment results. The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for Knewton is final.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We also completed the acquisition of &lt;/span&gt;two&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; immaterial businesses, which are included in our Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment, &lt;/span&gt;one&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; immaterial business included in our Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment results and &lt;/span&gt;one&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; immaterial business in our Education Services business.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;Fiscal Year 2019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The Learning House, Inc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of &lt;/span&gt;100%&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; of the outstanding stock of The Learning House, Inc. (&#x201c;Learning House&#x201d;) a diversified education services provider. The results of operations of Learning House are included in our Education Services segment.&lt;/span&gt; Headquartered in Louisville, KY, Learning House provides online program management services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients. The combination of Learning House and Wiley Education Services creates a leading provider of tech-enabled education services for colleges and universities.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The fair value of the consideration transferred was $&lt;/span&gt;201.3&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million which included $&lt;/span&gt;200.7&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of cash and $&lt;/span&gt;0.6&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of warrants, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the three months ended April 30, 2019. We financed the payment of the cash consideration through borrowings under our RCA (as defined below in Note 14, &#x201c;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#x201d;).&#160;The warrants were classified as equity and allow the holder to purchase &lt;/span&gt;400,000&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $&lt;/span&gt;90.00&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, subject to adjustments. The term of the warrants is &lt;/span&gt;three years&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, expiring on November 1, 2021. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The final fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $&lt;/span&gt;10.3&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of cash acquired was $&lt;/span&gt;190.4&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. We recorded the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, all of which are included in the Education Services segment. None of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is final.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire Learning House and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6ce1e8945e724505bd6a8d6ccb03ef79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Final Allocation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total consideration transferred&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;201,274&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,353&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;343&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;109,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;110,966&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Non-Current Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Liabilities&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,999&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Income Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,778&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Long-Term Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,184&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,961&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z456620a76f5b409ab37eca8784bd37d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Useful Life&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;103,850&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Course Content&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,698&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;109,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Learning House&#x2019;s revenue and operating loss included in our Education Services segment results for the year ended April 30, 2019 was $31.5 million and $8.0 million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Pro forma financial information related to this acquisition has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the preliminary consideration transferred to acquire mthree and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z907878dd964744aaa10806433af4a5b9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Preliminary&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Allocation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total cash consideration transferred&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;122,242&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,750&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;484&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,836&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,561&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,710&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;152,341&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Liabilities&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,380&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Income Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,722&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,692&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Long-Term Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;305&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,099&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8065aea652b342cd82a9064e4a3b3d8c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Estimated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Useful Life&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,792&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,725&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,319&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire zyBooks and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z20cd9184e5b7492089b2282b5a9874a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Final&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Allocation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total cash consideration transferred&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,939&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,280&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,500&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,903&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;63,711&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Liabilities&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,581&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Income Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,191&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,772&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z73bbb9c2ee4b4af5a908ccc3af0a90f9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Useful Life&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Developed Technology&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,800&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,900&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,500&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      unitRef="U001">8500000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
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      contextRef="c20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
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      id="Fact_72a322c22fcd47e581120d2d472addbe"
      unitRef="U001">19400000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired
      contextRef="c20190501to20190731_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact_177aa60330c44915a1ad2f44c02c9c08"
      unitRef="U007">2</jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired>
    <jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired
      contextRef="c20190801to20191031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact_a53f7896e21f49e28a28edcca1739975"
      unitRef="U007">1</jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired>
    <jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired
      contextRef="c20200201to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_OtherAcquistionsMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact_278c504a47dd4ef584559a11a72340f9"
      unitRef="U007">1</jwa:NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_f545793a06a348cf9786b22158762cc2"
      unitRef="U008">1</us-gaap:BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_d78f0333d1924cc0ad639f957454bbd7"
      unitRef="U001">201300000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross
      contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_0d500be360a14453aaecc83531b52914"
      unitRef="U001">200700000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross>
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      contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember"
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      id="Fact_e04f18fc306e4ca4b5e50c484e5d184b"
      unitRef="U001">600000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember"
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      id="Fact_b4107068832040609b85589104b8f362"
      unitRef="U002">400000</us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember"
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      unitRef="U003">90.00</us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1>
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      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember"
      id="Fact_45061ed02c0348a4b7078a2cee8e7c10">P3Y</us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm>
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      contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
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      unitRef="U001">10300000</us-gaap:CashAcquiredFromAcquisition>
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      id="Fact_2d79e91202604ccab3125df8a29b6684"
      unitRef="U001">190400000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      id="Text_1da304b64a9b4247a74d81d91ed43196">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire Learning House and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6ce1e8945e724505bd6a8d6ccb03ef79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Final Allocation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total consideration transferred&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;201,274&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Assets:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,353&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;343&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;109,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Goodwill&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;110,966&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Non-Current Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;246,235&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities:&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Liabilities&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,999&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Income Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,778&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Long-Term Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,184&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,961&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1
      contextRef="c20181101to20181101_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_69a185b4b5b0490b9063da67828a289a"
      unitRef="U001">201274000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_2c515acb5bb4472a9fb4b0333fc5f2ae"
      unitRef="U001">20353000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
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      id="Fact_b20d17f958b845c1a161a86c6b6456e1"
      unitRef="U001">343000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwill
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
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      id="Fact_5c659ae6294e4fe9b8a1e7f7fbca569a"
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    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
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      id="Fact_9b4d06583dab4778846328051c2a7591"
      unitRef="U001">110966000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="c20181031_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z456620a76f5b409ab37eca8784bd37d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Useful Life&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;103,850&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Course Content&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,698&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;109,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock>
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      id="Fact_cb4b2a16bfd2465cad300d32f49e905c">P15Y</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
    <us-gaap:FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CourseContentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_7c7370ee2f9647b99014974810b7eade"
      unitRef="U001">5698000</us-gaap:FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_CourseContentMember"
      id="Fact_9046a3d386be452db5748977c38ab57d">P4Y</us-gaap:AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d8cc6c10f750411c86e7726f19e40549"
      unitRef="U001">109548000</us-gaap:FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_665cb46d7ac541379de0ff0eb209531f"
      unitRef="U001">31500000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_TheLearningHouseIncMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_87505de1545d4834a3eaf42e3fa6c357"
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    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_17c3eccabfdb417caf1fd8eb10febab7">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 5 &#x2013; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share for the years ended April 30 follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za0ebe5049ac34e33a1379dbf2e6bce10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted average shares outstanding&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,224&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,240&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,181&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less:&#160;Unvested restricted shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(48&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(138&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares used for basic (loss) earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,209&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,192&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,043&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;648&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;845&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares used for diluted (loss) earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,209&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,840&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,888&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In calculating diluted net loss per common share for the year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive.&#160;This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase 286,064, 260,984 and 244,590 shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;There were 519,524, none, and 26,740 restricted shares excluded in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Warrants &lt;/span&gt;to purchase 523,529 and 242,402 shares of Class A Common Stock have been&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; excluded in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.&lt;/span&gt; There were no warrants issued during the year ended April 30, 2018.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_d566f03ec0074dbbba578ee9b8bbacdd">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share for the years ended April 30 follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za0ebe5049ac34e33a1379dbf2e6bce10" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted average shares outstanding&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,224&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,240&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,181&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less:&#160;Unvested restricted shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(48&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(138&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares used for basic (loss) earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,209&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,192&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,043&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;648&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;845&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares used for diluted (loss) earnings per share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,209&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,840&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,888&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 6 &#x2013; Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z676abf8e423b450a90bd1ff426ffd56a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Rate Swaps&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2017&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(319,212&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(190,502&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,427&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(507,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;67,639&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,979&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;64,399&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,455&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,147&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,308&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;67,639&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(524&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;592&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;67,707&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(251,573&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(191,026&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(439,580&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(60,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,422&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,121&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(68,835&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,391&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,714&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive (loss) income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(60,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,593&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(69,158&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(312,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(196,057&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(574&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(508,738&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(28,596&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(36,965&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,988&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(71,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,102&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(312&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,790&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(28,596&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(31,863&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,300&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(66,759&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(340,703&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(227,920&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,874&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(575,497&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $6.4 million, $5.5 million, and $5.9 million respectively, were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension and post-retirement benefit expense primarily in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_9a1d265a058140cbaf14f9a6e90009ea">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z676abf8e423b450a90bd1ff426ffd56a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Currency&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Unamortized&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retirement&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Rate Swaps&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2017&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(319,212&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(190,502&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,427&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(507,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;67,639&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,979&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;64,399&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,455&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,147&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,308&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive income (loss)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;67,639&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(524&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;592&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;67,707&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(251,573&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(191,026&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(439,580&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(60,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,422&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,121&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(68,835&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,391&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,714&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive (loss) income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(60,534&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,593&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(69,158&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(312,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(196,057&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(574&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(508,738&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other comprehensive (loss) before reclassifications&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(28,596&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(36,965&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,988&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(71,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,102&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(312&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,790&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total other comprehensive loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(28,596&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(31,863&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(6,300&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(66,759&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(340,703&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(227,920&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 7 &#x2013; Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Business Optimization Program&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year Business Optimization Program (the &#x201c;Business Optimization Program&#x201d;) to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,546&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,475&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,774&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,864&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;161&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Facility related charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,986&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 15.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 primarily relate to reserves and costs associated with the cessation of certain offerings, and to a lesser extent, a pension settlement, and the impairment of certain software licenses.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zcb02f733b85142e8ba831bf110732722" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,864&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,193&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,632&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;430&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,193&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,411&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,062&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Approximately $16.9 million of the restructuring liability for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs and approximately $0.7 million is reflected in Other Long-Term Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, as of April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities that relates to severance and termination benefits is expected to be paid in the year ended April 30, 2022.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for other activities is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2013, we initiated a global program (the &#x201c;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#x201d;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting a majority of the expected cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges related to this program:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za801358f23964b0cbf734ec95bbcee0b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019 &lt;sup style="font-family: 'Times New Roman Bold';"&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018 &lt;sup style="font-family: 'Times New Roman Bold';"&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Incurred to Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;340&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,257&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,884&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,139&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,244&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,834&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;389&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,894&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,764&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(438&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;459&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;95,940&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(206&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,566&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,422&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(250&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,456&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,213&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;116,009&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and contract termination costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;526&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,815&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,984&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,136&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(462&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(206&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,566&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,422&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9fc8359daa804ccf955e5770f62027d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 4.5pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 include facility related costs. &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Other Activities for the year ended April 30, 2019 reflect lease impairment related costs. The credits in other activities for the year ended April 30, 2018 mainly reflect changes in estimates for previously accrued restructuring charges related to facility lease reserves.&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z311a7e28899247b8ba0d0b1ca7e9e3f7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Credits)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adoption of&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;New Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Standard &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Other Adjustments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,887&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(250&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,238&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,360&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and contract termination costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,544&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,270&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(44&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;230&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(421&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,370&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,270&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(83&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,590&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z3ec15819974645aea767dad70191d59e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 4.5pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 2, &#x201c;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/span&gt;,&#x201d; and Note 12, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for other activities are reflected in Other Long-Term Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities is expected to be paid in the year ended April 30, 2022.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      id="Text_fed336afff3e4cfb94fbb2250a048bc4">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbfb08a751b9a4c0e8cc5528d4043eea3" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,546&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,475&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,774&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,864&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;161&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Facility related charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,986&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 15.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_564275624ef54e2181f9e65434817860"
      unitRef="U001">3546000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_973c3fc072b94078af661aa26fca2cd4"
      unitRef="U001">10475000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d32cfbe34d564544a22f95db85156ccd"
      unitRef="U001">3774000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_CorporateNonSegmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5603e50181204ce99e494547f7af31be"
      unitRef="U001">15018000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a696158cac954179befde4ca391ed499"
      unitRef="U001">32813000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9b054192f64a407ca59da2c51931cc00"
      unitRef="U001">26864000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetImpairmentMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_16134fd9bdaa41b9a0869cb1e1a7cd05"
      unitRef="U001">161000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_FacilityClosingMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_0c55b6d35f604599b366f25ef1a8dd07"
      unitRef="U001">3986000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_66867eb078e843a99ca9a8371b1746d5"
      unitRef="U001">1802000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_4ffa6f86471140a08bf382bac4fd4c9f"
      unitRef="U001">32813000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      id="Text_b07b2025f03743b4b563652b52565947">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zcb02f733b85142e8ba831bf110732722" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,864&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,193&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,632&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;430&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,193&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,411&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,062&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock>
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      contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
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      id="Fact_fc9780351ed543c9ab584d41d1bf6b37"
      unitRef="U001">0</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ea2df84f2b214328973f1d0bb1eae820"
      unitRef="U001">26864000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ad0968e8b1074445ab70ff728c2263b0"
      unitRef="U001">9193000</us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_abd8322e32a64ef88717d44749c2aa01"
      unitRef="U001">-39000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment>
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      contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_EmployeeSeveranceMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_4da7223f0d704fd9b850457d0e0c9cf8"
      unitRef="U001">17632000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      contextRef="c20190430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
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      id="Fact_6b41b3a136a24f6094c2f49ff76fc8d0"
      unitRef="U001">0</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9ab96513bcb64048b9f64abf36af859b"
      unitRef="U001">1802000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis_OtherRestructuringMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_91216fa865e548ad84929535926b53a5"
      unitRef="U001">-1372000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment>
    <us-gaap:RestructuringReserve
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d09155bd0d574ba28ca0084b9a832e0a"
      unitRef="U001">430000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_bd20beb557144913a968e34f9fb27d5d"
      unitRef="U001">0</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_3c20c81fbdf048549943843bb7ec542a"
      unitRef="U001">28666000</us-gaap:RestructuringCharges>
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_20710e3e32b8456f949d0fdb67bc1f8b"
      unitRef="U001">9193000</us-gaap:PaymentsForRestructuring>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_840aaa7c2a2041809a3c06bfeeab84a1"
      unitRef="U001">-1411000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment>
    <us-gaap:RestructuringReserve
      contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d63c273e76e0437bb2d46c5eb22673e3"
      unitRef="U001">18062000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      unitRef="U001">16900000</us-gaap:RestructuringReserve>
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      contextRef="c20200430_BalanceSheetLocationAxis_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember_RestructuringPlanAxis_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember"
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges related to this program:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za801358f23964b0cbf734ec95bbcee0b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019 &lt;sup style="font-family: 'Times New Roman Bold';"&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018 &lt;sup style="font-family: 'Times New Roman Bold';"&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Incurred to Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Segment:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;340&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,257&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,884&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,139&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,244&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,834&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;389&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,894&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,764&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(438&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;459&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;95,940&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(206&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,566&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,422&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(Credits) Charges by Activity:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(250&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,456&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,213&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;116,009&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and contract termination costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;526&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,815&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,984&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,136&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(462&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(206&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,566&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,422&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9fc8359daa804ccf955e5770f62027d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 4.5pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      unitRef="U001">-206000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_fc48e1b35cd8444c8d48473298159d5f"
      unitRef="U001">3118000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_719a639366d34e35a98e589b5018bae9"
      unitRef="U001">28566000</jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits>
    <us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1
      contextRef="c20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f063d425c7d6467eb4e40bd76f2a081e"
      unitRef="U001">169422000</us-gaap:RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RestructuringPlanAxis_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember"
      id="Text_e9dce13a55224f57a78c025079901906">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z311a7e28899247b8ba0d0b1ca7e9e3f7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Credits)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adoption of&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;New Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Standard &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation &amp;amp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Other Adjustments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Severance and termination benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,887&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(250&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,238&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,360&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Consulting and contract termination costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(171&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other activities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,544&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,270&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(44&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;230&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(421&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,370&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,270&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(83&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,590&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z3ec15819974645aea767dad70191d59e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 4.5pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 2, &#x201c;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/span&gt;,&#x201d; and Note 12, &#x201c;Operating Leases&#x201d; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 8 &#x2013; Inventories&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4b1264feaa57421697045d0648651e46" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Finished Goods&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,014&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;33,736&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Work-in-Process&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,398&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,094&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Paper and Other Materials&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;331&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;373&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Inventories Before Estimated Sales Returns and LIFO Reserve&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,743&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;LIFO Reserve&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,815&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,360&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Inventories&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;43,614&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35,582&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;See Note 2, &#x201c;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards,&#x201d; under the caption &#x201c;Sales Return Reserves,&#x201d; for a discussion of the Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market, which resulted in a reduction of $16.1 million and $15.8 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. &lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_3e976c1a3dd0470fb8a10ee6681b6282">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4b1264feaa57421697045d0648651e46" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Finished Goods&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,014&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;33,736&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Work-in-Process&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,398&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,094&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Paper and Other Materials&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;331&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;373&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Inventories Before Estimated Sales Returns and LIFO Reserve&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,743&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,739&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;LIFO Reserve&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,815&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,360&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Inventories&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;43,614&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35,582&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a60dbc5d1c9249a581536de169f9ce51"
      unitRef="U001">36014000</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
    <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_84fb0e824a43429093db7c189bdcf534"
      unitRef="U001">33736000</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
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      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_1ecd2966c9634c0085f689a3b603b818"
      unitRef="U001">1398000</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
    <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_7b0601b6d00f4a728d0ed012ce8fd04a"
      unitRef="U001">2094000</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
    <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_67c4c0823cd946d7a538095c0f6edf6a"
      unitRef="U001">331000</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials>
    <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d212636a36e04b4490209c2d2972fd7a"
      unitRef="U001">373000</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterials>
    <us-gaap:InventoryGross
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_21212b71df7a4b83ae4387926a33172d"
      unitRef="U001">37743000</us-gaap:InventoryGross>
    <us-gaap:InventoryGross
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_cecc52205e4846589e8d7cf2d6d55fcb"
      unitRef="U001">36203000</us-gaap:InventoryGross>
    <jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_780df709e74049958c8bea2558d183d0"
      unitRef="U001">-8686000</jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns>
    <jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_47c20f8bd69f40c59b6baf6705a0f993"
      unitRef="U001">-3739000</jwa:InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns>
    <us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_6dfb27a55e6b4aacb1cb8ce5d0e96ea1"
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    <us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a2ead1af2d90442bb421eea7b8f52077"
      unitRef="U001">4360000</us-gaap:InventoryLIFOReserve>
    <us-gaap:InventoryNet
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5f6688bc820e49dea5a1cec361cb2f27"
      unitRef="U001">43614000</us-gaap:InventoryNet>
    <us-gaap:InventoryNet
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_d2ebc7709dba4ed2aa835401b2ed5a5d"
      unitRef="U001">35582000</us-gaap:InventoryNet>
    <us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserves
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_24f039076cb24894867c4001fe46dd22"
      unitRef="U001">16100000</us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserves>
    <us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserves
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_e002a7d8b07948bab080c095c27d9c3d"
      unitRef="U001">15800000</us-gaap:InventoryValuationReserves>
    <jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_584adf93eece4acfacab982b597f9c0e">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 9 &#x2013; Product Development Assets&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Product development assets consisted of the following at April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z717c80abac1c45d0b76a258845768570" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Book Composition Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,744&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Software Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,995&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,048&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content Development Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,904&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,225&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53,643&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;62,470&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Product development assets include $4.9 million and $4.3 million of work-in-process as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, mainly for book composition costs.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Product development assets are net of accumulated amortization of $244.1 million and $236.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. &lt;/div&gt;
</jwa:ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_3baa52ad9c03420bafaa4963ea00e30e">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Product development assets consisted of the following at April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z717c80abac1c45d0b76a258845768570" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Book Composition Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,744&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Software Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,995&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,048&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content Development Costs&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,904&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,225&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53,643&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;62,470&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 10 &#x2013; Technology, Property and Equipment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z36d6e7afe10445ed8c569bf9f2f50e97" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Capitalized Software&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;471,844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;440,437&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Computer Hardware&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,640&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;68,718&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Buildings and Leasehold Improvements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;99,230&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;118,685&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,104&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,471&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Land and Land Improvements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,298&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,390&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, gross&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;665,116&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;688,701&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(367,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(399,680&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;298,005&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;289,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property and equipment, net for the years ended April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za29afbb1a4ea4d3090076055f254eb15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Capitalized Software Amortization Expense&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,685&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50,095&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45,449&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Depreciation and Amortization Expense, Excluding Capitalized Software&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,878&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense for Technology, Property and Equipment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;76,716&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;69,418&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;64,327&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment includes $0.9 million and $2.3 of work-in-process as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, mainly for capitalized software.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The net book value of capitalized software costs was $207.5 million and $200.2 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_e34f1897ca7f40a3be2ba816bd16ef75">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, property and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z36d6e7afe10445ed8c569bf9f2f50e97" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Capitalized Software&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;471,844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;440,437&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Computer Hardware&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,640&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;68,718&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Buildings and Leasehold Improvements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;99,230&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;118,685&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,104&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,471&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Land and Land Improvements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,298&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,390&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, gross&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;665,116&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;688,701&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(367,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(399,680&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;298,005&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;289,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property and equipment, net for the years ended April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za29afbb1a4ea4d3090076055f254eb15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Capitalized Software Amortization Expense&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,685&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50,095&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45,449&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Depreciation and Amortization Expense, Excluding Capitalized Software&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,878&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense for Technology, Property and Equipment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;76,716&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;69,418&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;64,327&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross
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      id="Fact_0e86668322474f598ee1d109da9dcaae"
      unitRef="U001">19323000</jwa:DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware>
    <jwa:DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_775752261ac548e788f419a6dda05e7c"
      unitRef="U001">18878000</jwa:DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b85a5197ed5147b2afe7592a25931851"
      unitRef="U001">76716000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_7c8d39712c08417d9b860060b05f1b96"
      unitRef="U001">69418000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <us-gaap:Depreciation
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f5132963b5e948c086199132cb947b61"
      unitRef="U001">64327000</us-gaap:Depreciation>
    <jwa:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress
      contextRef="c20200430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_84a98f9e6126465a93392db5c15785b9"
      unitRef="U001">900000</jwa:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress>
    <jwa:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress
      contextRef="c20190430_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_SoftwareDevelopmentMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_934e50b98bf241e9bb06d0f53693400a"
      unitRef="U001">2300000</jwa:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_80a2b60c57934bdf9f509ecdd350c262"
      unitRef="U001">207500000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_fefe26936a8f4e40980b180561a9a35b"
      unitRef="U001">200200000</us-gaap:CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_ed23f36cb66844e3ab85ad381e1bf6df">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 11 &#x2013; Goodwill and Intangible Assets&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z008d721d430c4e30bf745512fc623dea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Acquisitions &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;438,511&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,356&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,737&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;448,130&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;458,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45,410&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,464&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;501,091&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,561&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,002&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;167,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,095,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,327&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,116,790&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2e95e63b06f646ff8628051e5eeb544e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 4, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Change in Segment Reporting Structure&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#x201c;Segment Information,&#x201d; for more details. Due to this reorganization, we have reallocated goodwill as of April 30, 2019 to our reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We tested goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the reorganization, and we concluded that the fair values of the reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Annual Goodwill Impairment Test as of February 1, 2020&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of February 1, 2020, we completed our annual goodwill impairment test for our reporting units. We concluded that the fair values of our Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms and Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During our annual goodwill impairment test initiated on February 1, 2020 we identified indicators that the goodwill of the Education Services business was impaired due to underperformance as compared with our acquisition case projections for revenue growth and operating cash flow. Subsequently, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we determined that our updated revenue and operating cash flow projections would be further impacted by anticipated near-term headwinds due to COVID-19, including adverse impacts on new student starts and student re-enrollment. Therefore, we updated the impairment test as of March 31, 2020 to reflect this change in circumstances. As a result, &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;we concluded that the carrying value was above the fair value which resulted in a pre-tax non-cash goodwill impairment of $&lt;/span&gt;110.0&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets &lt;/span&gt;in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prior to performing the goodwill impairment test for Education Services, &lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;we also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the reporting unit. When indicators of impairment are present, we test definite lived and long-lived assets for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of an asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. We considered the lower than expected revenue and forecasted &lt;/span&gt;operating cash flows &lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;over a sustained period of time, and downward revisions to our cash flow forecasts for this reporting unit to be indicators of impairment for their long-lived assets. Based on the results of the recoverability test, we determined that the undiscounted cash flows of the asset group of the Education Services reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. Therefore, there was no impairment.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We estimated the fair value of these reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived from an income and a market approach. Under the income approach, we determined the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on our best estimates of forecasted&#160; economic and market conditions over the period including growth rates, expected changes in operating cash flows and cash expenditures. The discount rate used is based on a weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the characteristics of the business and the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of current and forward 12-month revenue or EBITDA, as applicable, derived from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As noted above, the fair value determined as part of the annual goodwill impairment test completed in the fourth quarter of 2020 exceeded the carrying value for the Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms and Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning reporting units.&#160;Therefore, there was no impairment of goodwill.&#160; However, if the fair value of the Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms and Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning reporting units decrease in future periods, we could potentially have an impairment.&#160; For the Education Services reporting unit there was an impairment.&#160; If the Education Services reporting unit fair value decreases further in future periods, we could potentially have an additional impairment. The future occurrence of a potential indicator of impairment, such as a decrease in expected net earnings, changes in assumptions, including the impact of COVID-19, adverse equity market conditions, a decline in current market multiples, a decline in our common stock price, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climates, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, strategic decisions made in response to economic or competitive conditions, or a more-likely-than-not expectation that a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or disposed of, could require an interim assessment for some or all of the reporting units before the next required annual assessment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Intangible Assets&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z117cba279f314f5c9bed48369bdf0ff4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Definite Lives, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;806,862&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(444,756&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;362,106&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;806,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(417,456&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;389,172&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;377,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(87,234&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;290,418&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;310,977&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(65,147&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;245,830&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Developed Technology&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,225&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,273&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,841&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,877&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(22,689&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,188&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19,809&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,993&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Covenants not to Compete&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,675&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;246&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,681&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,236&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,248,291&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(559,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,841&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;686,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,152,088&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(503,648&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;648,440&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(93,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;134,509&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130,909&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Publishing Rights&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;84,336&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;84,336&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86,223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86,223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;214,443&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(93,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;121,336&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;220,732&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;217,132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Intangible Assets, Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,462,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(559,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(95,948&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;807,405&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,372,820&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(503,648&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;865,572&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z68ccecd8ba91498cb69a997c3da1790a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 4, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in 2020 and 2019.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4037d32bcbb34222a954f85c02c6ee94" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amount&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;65,570&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;59,748&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53,796&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50,554&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,364&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;410,037&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;686,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Fiscal Year 2020 Impairment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Annual Indefinite Lived Intangibles Impairment Test as of February 1, 2020&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We also review our indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, which consists of brands and trademarks and certain acquired publishing rights. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed our annual impairment test related to the indefinite lived intangible assets.&#160;We concluded that the fair values of these indefinite-lived intangible assets were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment, except for the Blackwell indefinite-lived trademark.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;For the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $&lt;/span&gt;89.5&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million for our Blackwell trademark, which was acquired in 2007 and carried as an indefinite-lived intangible asset primarily related to our Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment. &lt;/span&gt;The impairment reflects our decision to simplify Wiley&#x2019;s brand portfolio&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; and unify our research journal content under one Wiley brand, which will sharply limit the use of the Blackwell trade name.&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;This impairment resulted in writing off substantially all of the carrying value of the intangible trademark asset. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets &lt;/span&gt;in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. &lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The resulting non-cash impairment charge is entirely unrelated to COVID-19 or the expected future financial performance of the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Definite Lives&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As a result of our decision to discontinue the use of certain technology offerings within the Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms segment, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $&lt;/span&gt;2.8&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million related to a certain developed technology intangible. This charge was included in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets on&lt;/span&gt; the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Fiscal Year 2018 Impairment&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In conjunction with a business review performed in the Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning segment associated with the restructuring activities in the first quarter of the year ended April 30, 2018 we identified an indefinite-lived brand with forecasted cash flows that did not exceed its carrying value. As a result, a pre-tax impairment charge of $3.6 million was recorded in the first quarter of the year ended April 30, 2018 to reduce the carrying value of the brand to its fair value of $1.2 million, which will now be amortized over an estimated useful life of 5 years. This impairment charge was included in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_c2116aa8b1f141029bf6ba1041fd0487">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z008d721d430c4e30bf745512fc623dea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Acquisitions &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Translation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;438,511&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,356&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,737&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;448,130&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;458,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45,410&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,464&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;501,091&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;82,561&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,002&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;167,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,095,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,327&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,203&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,116,790&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2e95e63b06f646ff8628051e5eeb544e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 4, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      unitRef="U001">438511000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
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      contextRef="c20190430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
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      unitRef="U001">45410000</us-gaap:GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember"
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      unitRef="U001">0</us-gaap:GoodwillImpairmentLoss>
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      unitRef="U001">-2464000</us-gaap:GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss>
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5c75504a8cc44983b9753f026edd2d5e"
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    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20190430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_62807869c4734bdbba5cdf6370a5fef4"
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
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      id="Fact_8cfe52a351e243e9b13812d67a9134d7"
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
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      decimals="-3"
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    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="c20200430_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_EducationServicesSegmentMember"
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      id="Fact_a9f79bc8ab2a46eebab2cc17aabe2a67"
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      id="Fact_36108b5a855944b1a5ec07e82164e984"
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    <jwa:ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock
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      id="Text_9cb1fbc500914b8eb4c5819ff102a9f7">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z117cba279f314f5c9bed48369bdf0ff4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Accumulated&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Impairment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Definite Lives, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Content and Publishing Rights&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;806,862&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(444,756&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;362,106&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;806,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(417,456&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;389,172&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Customer Relationships&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;377,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(87,234&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;290,418&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;310,977&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(65,147&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;245,830&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Developed Technology&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,225&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,273&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,841&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;42,877&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(22,689&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,188&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19,809&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,993&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Covenants not to Compete&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,675&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;246&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,681&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,236&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,248,291&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(559,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,841&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;686,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,152,088&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(503,648&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;648,440&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Brands and Trademarks&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(93,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,000&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;134,509&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130,909&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Publishing Rights&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;84,336&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;84,336&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86,223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86,223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;214,443&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(93,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;121,336&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;220,732&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;217,132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Intangible Assets, Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,462,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(559,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(95,948&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;807,405&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,372,820&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(503,648&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;865,572&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z68ccecd8ba91498cb69a997c3da1790a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Refer to Note 4, &#x201c;Acquisitions,&#x201d; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in 2020 and 2019.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      unitRef="U001">3600000</jwa:IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss>
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      id="Fact_9f4162198cc1442bbbf8637dfa6660e8"
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4037d32bcbb34222a954f85c02c6ee94" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Amount&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;65,570&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;59,748&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53,796&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50,554&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,364&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;410,037&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;686,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock>
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 12 &lt;/span&gt;&#x2014;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"&gt; Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On May 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 2, &#x201c;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards&lt;/span&gt;.&#x201d;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the new leasing standard, leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. Furthermore, some of our lease payments are based on index rates with minimum annual increases. These represent fixed payments and are captured in the future minimum lease payments calculation.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3279ad1650a44786a80ed45c5ed77f79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;142,716&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,810&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease liabilities, non-current&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;159,782&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the year ended April 30, 2020, we added $22.9 million to the ROU assets and $24.4 million to the operating lease liabilities due to new leases as well as modifications and remeasurements to our existing operating leases.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total net lease costs are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z994d0cd494544ca58174abb02e0357c4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Year Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease cost &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,027&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Variable lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,856&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Short-term lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sublease income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(691&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total net lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,278&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5b388af204f740c0bc7d9218fccef923" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease cost does not include those costs included in Restructuring and Related Charges on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See&#160; Note 7, &#x201c;Restructuring and Related Charges&#x201d; for more information on these programs.&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other supplemental information includes the following:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za94b83b7fe484856bf362141d8fb93bc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Contractual&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Lease Term (Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Year Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted-average discount rate:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5.89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,243&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z788defd5cfdf4e6a868acb66d697dfa0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Operating Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,338&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,004&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;113,848&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;243,367&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Imputed interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;61,775&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;181,592&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Current portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,810&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Noncurrent portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;159,782&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;Prior to the Adoption of ASC Topic 842&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following schedule shows the composition of net rent expense for operating leases:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfbfdfca1e51744ea969db0685a4b929a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Minimum Rental&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,066&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;31,451&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Sublease Rentals&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(719&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(708&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,347&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,743&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Rent expense associated with operating leases that include scheduled rent increases and tenant incentives, such as rent holidays or leasehold improvement allowances, were recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock>
    <jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_d7b80485b4074ccd89b0d332a7c263cd">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z3279ad1650a44786a80ed45c5ed77f79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;142,716&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,810&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease liabilities, non-current&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;159,782&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_286c6e6a26bd4100ab0a640b0af99063"
      unitRef="U001">142716000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a4eff0cdc4dc4d198478bbd0697f100a"
      unitRef="U001">21810000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a793b85eb1ac46a1b6cec2763e0261e1"
      unitRef="U001">159782000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_c7a696ca2c0e41bfaa683f57b0f31ab0"
      unitRef="U001">22900000</jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset>
    <jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_8d7eabab7a694ba4b66c5ae4a3a1cbb6"
      unitRef="U001">24400000</jwa:OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_5aca51ba009444c988b03914f49a8892">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total net lease costs are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z994d0cd494544ca58174abb02e0357c4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Year Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease cost &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,027&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Variable lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,856&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Short-term lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;86&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Sublease income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(691&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total net lease cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,278&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z5b388af204f740c0bc7d9218fccef923" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating lease cost does not include those costs included in Restructuring and Related Charges on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See&#160; Note 7, &#x201c;Restructuring and Related Charges&#x201d; for more information on these programs.&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_19c68fb9502f438b973127738ec09b40"
      unitRef="U001">26027000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_67a6572e860a4ce0b7f4a226d38ec94c"
      unitRef="U001">3856000</us-gaap:VariableLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a4d40fdd658c46edb7acc98ff9c79999"
      unitRef="U001">86000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:SubleaseIncome
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ba6722347a5f419bbaeaeb71ac407120"
      unitRef="U001">691000</us-gaap:SubleaseIncome>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_4c326100b9eb4a4e98fa2a0e52cd710e"
      unitRef="U001">29278000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_a12cebb82f184c27b0b6b07c3d6f4fe3">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other supplemental information includes the following:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za94b83b7fe484856bf362141d8fb93bc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted-Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Contractual&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Lease Term (Years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Year Ended&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Weighted-average discount rate:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5.89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating cash flows from operating leases&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,243&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</jwa:LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1
      contextRef="c20200430"
      id="Fact_71a8ad20492b4591905a8177385eebf5">P10Y</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="4"
      id="Fact_2b8bbbd41659466f84d358f95787c629"
      unitRef="U008">0.0589</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_21562dcbe2b341dd9a4f9b12743975e1"
      unitRef="U001">28243000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_87bb544540664465bbbfec804a5e0b14">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z788defd5cfdf4e6a868acb66d697dfa0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Operating Lease&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,338&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,215&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,004&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;113,848&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;243,367&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Imputed interest&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;61,775&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;181,592&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Current portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,810&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Noncurrent portion&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;159,782&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_40ea496e94a04c878eb0338aac3ac654"
      unitRef="U001">32303000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_afedf371e0174eefa38cc9af35ee5bc6"
      unitRef="U001">27338000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_545fdff8b1fc41a1b9839695fd4f3081"
      unitRef="U001">24659000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_66fc0bd02a9e4cfbba239e6542808565"
      unitRef="U001">23215000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_c14cdc887e7d40dab7522e8c9a9cefa3"
      unitRef="U001">22004000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a095c3dcccf24afaa448a6b090709201"
      unitRef="U001">113848000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a43b5a71b679424d8a219f633204bb1c"
      unitRef="U001">243367000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_126638f31bdb4b84bfaf72b0a225facb"
      unitRef="U001">61775000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ab184a21625e4650b3e61f3b2d3a8d0e"
      unitRef="U001">181592000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ffc61c923d454bcea788524e9235eaf4"
      unitRef="U001">21810000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_55e9ea65ac0c4127a5e1b672001087ef"
      unitRef="U001">159782000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRentExpenseTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_14ab89bdacbb41a0bfcf40d2a300ea68">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following schedule shows the composition of net rent expense for operating leases:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfbfdfca1e51744ea969db0685a4b929a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Minimum Rental&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,066&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;31,451&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less: Sublease Rentals&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(719&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(708&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,347&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,743&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRentExpenseTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_521ef02733c2481a814cac93e2ef1c10"
      unitRef="U001">29066000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_33b1d4261e8f4128ae29a66d834eb6ff"
      unitRef="U001">31451000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f7221b8dae4b41958ff41477d8f4bbcc"
      unitRef="U001">719000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_06cf8d4d2adf496680295d2e8235f3e1"
      unitRef="U001">708000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_a5599ddcc17149d1922601d78a44bfc5"
      unitRef="U001">28347000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_ffd9527b32034451a3646dc609b3de8d"
      unitRef="U001">30743000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_71fc02592ac84b62b277138c99ab0ad1">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 13 &#x2013; Income Taxes&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The provisions for income taxes for the years ended April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za09d42fec4234af19928b1de68519bd4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. &#x2013; Federal&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,384&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,216&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,494&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;52,518&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;State and Local&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;172&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,536&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;961&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Current Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,438&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,857&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred (Benefit) Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. &#x2013; Federal&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(8,476&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(26,062&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,630&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,420&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;State and Local&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,454&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Deferred (Benefit) Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(27,616&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,749&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(23,112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,195&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,689&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,745&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International and United States pretax (loss) income for the years ended April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z029c4cdc1da64589bcde7d53a3273399" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;104,185&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;204,326&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;219,178&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;United States&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(167,277&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,626&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(63,092&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;212,952&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,931&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate as shown below:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbed9f83bfb324fffaad40ea98a3123ff" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. Federal Statutory Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cost (Benefit) of Higher (Lower) Taxes on Non-U.S. Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(8.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;State Income Taxes, net of U.S. Federal Tax Benefit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Tax (Benefit) from U.S. Tax Act&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Tax Credits and Related Benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(0.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Impairment of goodwill and intangibles&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(42.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Effective Income Tax Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(17.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our loss for the year ended April 30, 2020, was due to&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; the impairment of goodwill and intangibles for which we received a relatively small tax benefit, resulting in an overall negative effective income tax rate of &lt;/span&gt;(17.7)%&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;. Excluding the tax cost from such impairment, our effective income tax rate benefit was &lt;/span&gt;24.6%&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;. Our income was earned outside the U.S. in jurisdictions with different statutory income tax rates than our U.S. statutory rate, at an average effective rate that is less than our combined U.S. Federal and State tax rate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The effective tax rate for the year ended April 30, 2020 was less than the year ended April 30, 2019 due to the impairment charges with respect to which we obtained a relatively small tax benefit. Excluding the effect of the impairment charges the tax benefit rate was 24.6% for the year ended April 30, 2020, compared to a 21.0% expense for the year ended April 30, 2019, primarily due to lower taxes on income outside the U.S. as well as increased tax credits and related benefits.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;"&gt;Other:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;For the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, we recorded a tax benefit of $&lt;/span&gt;1.4&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million and $&lt;/span&gt;0.3&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, respectively related to the expiration of the statute of limitations or favorable resolutions of federal, state, and foreign tax matters with tax authorities.&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;The CARES Act&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On March 27, 2020, the U.S. government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the &#x201c;CARES Act&#x201d;). The CARES Act includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferral of the employer portion of certain payroll taxes, net operating loss carrybacks, modifications to net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on our income tax expense for the year ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;"&gt;The Tax Act&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation (&#x201c;Tax Act&#x201d;). The Tax Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax system. We recorded a significant nonrecurring benefit from the Tax Act during the year ended April 30, 2018.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits were $6.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively, of which $0.6 million and $0.7 million represented accruals for interest and penalties recorded as additional tax expense in accordance with our accounting policy. Within the income tax provision for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded net interest expense on reserves for unrecognized and recognized tax benefits of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively. As of April 30, 2020, and April 30, 2019, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that would reduce our income tax provision, if recognized, were approximately $6.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively. We do not expect any significant changes to the unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other Long-Term Liabilities line item on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zede6ece0a1b84b108ad1c581229f7371" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at May 1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,833&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Additions for Current Year Tax Positions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;694&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,473&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Additions for Prior Year Tax Positions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;414&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reductions for Prior Year Tax Positions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(655&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(578&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign Translation Adjustment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(42&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Payments and Settlements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(56&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(136&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reductions for Lapse of Statute of Limitations&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,433&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(305&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,194&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Tax Audits:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;We file income tax returns in the U.S. and various states and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions. Our major taxing jurisdictions are the United States, United Kingdom and Germany. Except for one immaterial item, we are no longer subject to income tax examinations for years prior to fiscal year 2014 in the major jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax. We received tax audit notices for our German entities for the audit period fiscal years 2014-2017. The audit process has been delayed due to COVID-19.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Our last completed U.S. federal tax audit of our fiscal years 2011 through 2013 resulted in minimal adjustments related to temporary differences.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Deferred Taxes:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred taxes result from temporary differences in the recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We believe that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1774001a905a4ee2837f70c9ad2f0b80" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Operating Losses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,966&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,491&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reserve for Sales Returns and Doubtful Accounts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,638&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,923&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accrued Employee Compensation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,114&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,528&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign and Federal Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;31,487&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;34,401&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Accrued Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,827&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,262&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Retirement and Post-Employment Benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;40,653&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Gross Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;121,959&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;116,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less Valuation Allowance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(23,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(21,179&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;98,672&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;95,079&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,142&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(744&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Unremitted Foreign Earnings&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,985&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,985&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible and Fixed Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(205,882&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(226,898&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Deferred Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(209,009&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(229,627&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Deferred Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(134,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Reported As&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,790&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,227&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred&#160;Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(119,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(143,775&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Deferred Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(134,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The decrease in net deferred tax liabilities is due to the non-cash impairment charge of our Blackwell trademark.&#160;This was partially offset by deferred tax liabilities relating to non-goodwill intangibles acquired in our various acquisitions as well as the amortization of our deferred tax liabilities related to non-goodwill intangibles, primarily from prior acquisitions.&#160;Our increase in deferred tax assets is primarily attributable to an increase in our accrued expenses and net operating losses, partially offset by a decrease in our foreign and federal credits. We have concluded that after valuation allowances, it is more likely than not that we will realize substantially all of the net deferred tax assets at April 30, 2020. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we take into account related deferred tax liabilities and estimated future reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable earnings and tax planning strategies to determine which deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized in the future. Changes to tax laws, statutory tax rates and future taxable earnings can have an impact on our valuation allowances.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A $23.3 million valuation allowance has been provided based primarily on the uncertainty of utilizing the tax benefits related to our deferred tax assets for foreign tax credits and state credits and net operating loss carry losses. As of April 30, 2020, we have apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards totaling $102.0 million, with a tax effected value of $6.0 million net of federal benefits, expiring in various amounts over 1 to 20 years. Our tax credits expire in various amounts over 6-20 years.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Since April 30, 2018, we no longer intend to permanently reinvest earnings outside the U.S. We have a $2.0 million liability related to the estimated taxes that would be incurred upon repatriating certain non-U.S. earnings.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_54d04e454bbb4c3ea568ff99dad238c5">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The provisions for income taxes for the years ended April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za09d42fec4234af19928b1de68519bd4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. &#x2013; Federal&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,384&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,216&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,494&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;52,518&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;State and Local&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;172&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,536&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;961&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Current Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57,438&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,857&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred (Benefit) Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. &#x2013; Federal&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(8,476&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(26,062&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,630&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,420&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;State and Local&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,454&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Deferred (Benefit) Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(27,616&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,749&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(23,112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Provision&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,195&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,689&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,745&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International and United States pretax (loss) income for the years ended April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z029c4cdc1da64589bcde7d53a3273399" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;International&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;104,185&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;204,326&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;219,178&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;United States&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(167,277&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,626&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(63,092&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;212,952&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,931&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock>
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      decimals="-3"
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      unitRef="U001">104185000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_fc923af576a84a728472be2292d01f7c"
      unitRef="U001">204326000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9556cc1a203f4b6e89d1ad2c69de6bff"
      unitRef="U001">219178000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_8fcc5c60e8d34bf2a8cce1c91f2337a4"
      unitRef="U001">-167277000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
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      id="Fact_ac28a033aa2843c1a8caf3c1494de471"
      unitRef="U001">8626000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
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      id="Fact_673582957760479f9ad4ab1f6e73b371"
      unitRef="U001">-5247000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesDomestic>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_43f9cae86db24e9ea31c316596d4c88c"
      unitRef="U001">-63092000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_6c38c310ef4d4bbc91c4057e38704223"
      unitRef="U001">212952000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_b119dcf4d58d47bb9c0098eee5eb1a5d"
      unitRef="U001">213931000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_c2806488f56547bb8d81258c74a51d3f">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate as shown below:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zbed9f83bfb324fffaad40ea98a3123ff" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. Federal Statutory Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cost (Benefit) of Higher (Lower) Taxes on Non-U.S. Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(8.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;State Income Taxes, net of U.S. Federal Tax Benefit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Tax (Benefit) from U.S. Tax Act&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Tax Credits and Related Benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(0.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Impairment of goodwill and intangibles&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(42.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other Long-Term Liabilities line item on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zede6ece0a1b84b108ad1c581229f7371" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,833&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;694&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,473&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Additions for Prior Year Tax Positions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;414&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reductions for Prior Year Tax Positions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(655&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(578&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign Translation Adjustment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(42&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Payments and Settlements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(56&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(136&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reductions for Lapse of Statute of Limitations&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,433&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(305&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balance at April 30&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,194&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:SummaryOfIncomeTaxContingenciesTextBlock>
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      id="Fact_b6a28bd4447245a68386cad64f2141b0"
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      contextRef="c20180430"
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      id="Fact_8083a1cc2270439c96568bdd2fbd4115"
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      decimals="-3"
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      unitRef="U001">0</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_e2b594575fbb45d98f70d4d7ed375b5f"
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9c4d8d683dea4ebc8c1445ab2977c64a"
      unitRef="U001">655000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_7d13b19e9fd44a8d9cb99f901b35a6f1"
      unitRef="U001">578000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_e132f13576c54eb1851987c0d0f5bd50"
      unitRef="U001">15000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_151869525cd44f5593a2e97b0e536f51"
      unitRef="U001">42000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromForeignCurrencyTranslation>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_21a6a7e993734a4a8650bb5d2ee87c86"
      unitRef="U001">56000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities>
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
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      unitRef="U001">136000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities>
    <us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9a5b566570cf4b26b2c417128c6546b8"
      unitRef="U001">1433000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations>
    <us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_dda3c028d55a436a93eb5073bf2d551c"
      unitRef="U001">305000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations>
    <us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefits
      contextRef="c20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_7089569ba5714e7fb9a42d6bb8cde349"
      unitRef="U001">6194000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefits>
    <us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefits
      contextRef="c20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_dcb04118666e40b592d4ca488c6ff633"
      unitRef="U001">7659000</us-gaap:UnrecognizedTaxBenefits>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_7b0c24405b354b1fb7bd0a747eb75b48">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We believe that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at April 30 were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1774001a905a4ee2837f70c9ad2f0b80" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Operating Losses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,966&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,491&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Reserve for Sales Returns and Doubtful Accounts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,638&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,923&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accrued Employee Compensation&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,114&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;17,528&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign and Federal Credits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;31,487&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;34,401&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Accrued Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,827&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,262&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Retirement and Post-Employment Benefits&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;40,653&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Gross Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;121,959&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;116,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Less Valuation Allowance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(23,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(21,179&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;98,672&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;95,079&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,142&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(744&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Unremitted Foreign Earnings&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,985&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,985&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Intangible and Fixed Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(205,882&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(226,898&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Deferred Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(209,009&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(229,627&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Deferred Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(134,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Reported As&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,790&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,227&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Deferred&#160;Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(119,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(143,775&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Deferred Tax Liabilities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(134,548&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 14 &#x2013; Debt and Available Credit Facilities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amended and Restated RCA&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#x201c;Amended and Restated RCA&#x201d;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) five year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.25 billion, and (ii) a five year term loan A facility consisting of $250 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the terms of the Amended and Restated RCA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates:&#160;(i) at a rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (&#x201c;LIBOR&#x201d;) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.98% to 1.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender&#x2019;s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from zero to 0.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;The lender&#x2019;s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the U.S. federal funds effective rate plus a 0.50% margin, (ii) the Eurocurrency rate, as defined, plus a 1.00% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the revolving credit facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.25% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $500 million, in minimum increments of $50 million, subject to the approval of the lenders.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Amended and Restated RCA&lt;/span&gt; contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we incurred an immaterial loss on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the refinancing of our RCA (as defined below) which is reflected in Interest and Other Income on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we incurred $4.0 million of costs related to the Amended and Restated RCA which resulted in total costs capitalized of $5.2 million. The amount related to the term loan A facility was $0.9 million, consisting of $0.8 million of lender fees and recorded as a reduction to Long-Term Debt and $0.1 million of non-lender fees included in Other Non-Current Assets. The amount related to the five-year revolving credit facility was $4.3 million, all of which is included in Other Non-Current Assets.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over the five-year term of the Amended and Restated RCA. Total amortization expense for the year ended April 20, 2020 was $1.0 million and is included in Interest Expense on our Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total debt outstanding as of April 30, 2020 was $775.1 million, which included $9.4 million of current portion of long-term debt related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA and long-term debt of $765.7 million. The long-term debt consisted of $235.3 million related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA (amount is net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.7 million) and $530.4 million related to the revolving credit facility under the Amended and Restated RCA.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;RCA&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2019, total debt outstanding was $478.8 million, which consisted of amounts due under our RCA.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We had a revolving credit agreement (&#x201c;RCA&#x201d;) with a syndicated bank group led by Bank of America. The RCA consisted of a $1.1 billion five-year senior revolving credit facility payable March 1, 2021. Since there were no principal payments due until the end of the agreement in the year ended April 30, 2021, we had classified our entire debt obligation as long-term as of April 30, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Lines of Credit&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We have other lines of credit aggregating $2.7 million at various interest rates. There were no outstanding borrowings under these credit lines at April 30, 2020 and 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our total available lines of credit as of April 30, 2020, were approximately $1.5 billion, of which approximately $0.7 billion was unused. The weighted average interest rates on total debt outstanding during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 were 3.12% and 2.69%, respectively. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the weighted average interest rates for total debt were 2.26% and 2.88%, respectively. Based on estimates of interest rates currently available to us for loans with similar terms and maturities, the fair value of our debt approximates its carrying value.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 15 &#x2013; Derivative Instruments and Activities&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160;Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Interest Rate Contracts&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2020, we had total debt outstanding of $775.1 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.7 million of which $775.8 million are variable rate loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated RCA, which approximated fair value.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the interest rate swap agreements we maintained were designated as fully effective cash flow hedges as defined under Accounting Standards Codification 815 &#x201c;Derivatives and Hedging&#x201d; ("ASC 815"). As a result, there was no impact on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income from changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps, as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments. Under ASC 815, derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges have changes in their fair value recorded initially within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As interest expense is recognized based on the variable rate loan agreements, the corresponding deferred gain or loss on the interest rate swaps is reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. It is management&#x2019;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On February 26, 2020 we entered into two forward starting interest rate swap agreements, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.150% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a 3-year period ending March 15, 2023. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swaps was $100.0 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On August 7, 2019 we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.400% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a 3-year period ending August 15, 2022. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $100.0 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On June 24, 2019 we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.650% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a 3-year period ending July 15, 2022. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $100.0 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, which expired on May 15, 2019, we paid a fixed rate of 0.920% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which was reset every month for a three-year period ending May 15, 2019.&#160; Prior to expiration, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, was a deferred loss of $8.3 million and a deferred gain of $0.5 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred loss as of April 30, 2020 was recorded within Other Long-Term Liabilities and the entire deferred gain as of April 30, 2019 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense for the years ended April 30, &lt;/span&gt;2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;2019&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, and &lt;/span&gt;2018&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; were $&lt;/span&gt;0.4&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, $&lt;/span&gt;4.7&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, and $&lt;/span&gt;1.5&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, respectively. Based on the amount in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss at &lt;/span&gt;April 30, 2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, approximately $&lt;/span&gt;2.7&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, net of tax, would be reclassified into net income in the next twelve months.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Foreign Currency Contracts&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and carried at their fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;As of April 30, &lt;/span&gt;2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;2019&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, we did not maintain any open forward contracts. &lt;/span&gt;In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 16 &#x2013; Commitment and Contingencies&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business.&#160;A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel.&#160;In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of April 30, 2020, will not have a material effect upon our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 17 &#x2013; Retirement Plans&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We have retirement plans that cover substantially all employees. The plans generally provide for employee retirement between the ages 60 and 65, and benefits based on length of service and compensation, as defined.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Our Board of Directors approved plan amendments that froze the following retirement plans:&lt;/div&gt;

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    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Canada was frozen effective December 31, 2015;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Ltd., a U.K. plan was frozen effective April 30, 2015 and;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2022;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. Employees&#x2019; Retirement Plan, Supplemental Benefit Plan, and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, were frozen effective June 30, 2013.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We maintain the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan for certain officers and senior management which provides for the payment of supplemental retirement benefits after the termination of employment for 10 years or in a lifetime annuity. Under certain circumstances, including a change of control as defined, the payment of such amounts could be accelerated on a present value basis. Future accrued benefits to this plan have been discontinued as noted above.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The components of net pension (income) expense for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z626e0d1c82a4492db4e1998b65c695ae" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt; U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,851&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;912&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;960&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,704&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,876&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expected Return on Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(14,038&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(26,116&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,472&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(25,551&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(26,385&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Amortization of Prior Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;73&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Recognized Net Actuarial Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,403&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,993&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,035&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,746&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,289&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,832&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Curtailment/Settlement Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;291&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Pension (Income) Expense&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,256&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;113&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,893&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;647&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,641&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Discount Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Rate of Compensation Increase&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expected Return on Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;In the year ended April 30, 2020, there was a settlement charge of $&lt;/span&gt;0.3&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million related to the &lt;/span&gt;Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Canada which&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; is reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges &lt;/span&gt;in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The service cost component of net pension (income) expense is reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. The other components of net benefit costs are reported separately from the service cost component and below Operating (Loss) Income. Such amounts are reflected in Interest and Other Income on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for the retirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $853.3 million, $816.5 million and $659.4 million, respectively, as of April 30, 2020, and $794.2 million, $762.8 million, and $621.9 million, respectively, as of April 30, 2019.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The Recognized Net Actuarial Loss for each fiscal year is calculated using the &#x201c;corridor method,&#x201d; which reflects the amortization of the net loss at the beginning of the fiscal year in excess of 10% of the greater of the market value of plan assets or the projected benefit obligation. The amortization period is based on the average expected life of plan participants for plans with all or almost all inactive participants and frozen plans, and on the average remaining working lifetime of active plan participants for all other plans.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of defined benefit postretirement plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.&#160;The change in the funded status of the plan is recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Plan assets and obligations are measured at fair value as of our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position date.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the next fiscal year are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb1800c5032ca420bbdc2399e4c706d9b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Actuarial Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prior Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(99&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,512&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,378&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,890&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table sets forth the changes in and the status of our defined benefit plans&#x2019; assets and benefit obligations:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8e80b3ad35f347e19365e5d9f678fd63" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt; U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fair Value of Plan Assets, Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;204,983&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;419,448&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Actual Return on Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,645&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,602&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,705&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,891&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Employer Contributions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,700&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,753&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,872&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Employee Contributions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Settlements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,459&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefits Paid&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,027&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,162&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,282&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign Currency Rate Changes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,436&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(31,680&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fair Value, End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,946&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445,480&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefit Obligation, Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(285,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(509,015&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(279,644&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(540,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,851&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(912&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,704&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Actuarial Gains (Losses)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(37,550&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(36,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,662&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,013&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefits Paid&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,027&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,162&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,282&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign Currency Rate Changes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,176&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;41,143&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Settlements and Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,164&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(886&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefit Obligation, End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(318,967&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(534,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(285,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(509,015&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Underfunded Status, End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(105,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(88,823&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(71,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(100,766&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Pension Liability&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,990&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(885&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,188&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(816&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Noncurrent Pension Liability&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(100,031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(87,938&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(66,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(99,950&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(105,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(88,823&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(71,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(100,766&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Actuarial (Losses)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(131,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(181,403&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(94,028&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(177,157&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prior Service Cost Gains (Losses)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,254&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,051&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,408&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(129,315&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(182,454&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(91,620&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(178,311&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive&#160;Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(37,695&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,143&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,546&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,446&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Discount Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Rate of Compensation Increase&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Accumulated Benefit Obligations&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(318,967&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(497,489&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(285,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(477,561&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Pension plan assets/investments:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The investment guidelines for the defined benefit pension plans are established based upon an evaluation of market conditions, plan liabilities, cash requirements for benefit payments, and tolerance for risk.&#160;Investment guidelines include the use of actively and passively managed securities. The investment objective is to ensure that funds are available to meet the plans benefit obligations when they are due. The investment strategy is to invest in high quality and diversified equity and debt securities to achieve our long-term expectation. The plans&#x2019; risk management practices provide guidance to the investment managers, including guidelines for asset concentration, credit rating and liquidity.&#160;Asset allocation favors a balanced portfolio, with a global aggregated target allocation of approximately 45% equity securities and 55% fixed income securities and cash.&#160; Due to volatility in the market, the target allocation is not always desirable and asset allocations will fluctuate between acceptable ranges of plus or minus 5%. We regularly review the investment allocations and periodically rebalance investments to the target allocations. We categorize our pension assets into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2a8f09545e38473f92f5dc45b749738d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;"&gt;&#x25cf;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd57a33338c0143be88f4aa786c78cb9a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;"&gt;&#x25cf;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1.&#160;For example, quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7016c2d1900d4266af7d3fc6e12267f0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt;"/&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;"&gt;&#x25cf;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We did not maintain any level 3 assets during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019. In accordance with ASU 2015-07, &#x201c;Fair Value Measurement (&#x201c;Topic 820&#x201d;), certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (&#x201c;NAV&#x201d;) per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient do not have to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. We adopted ASU 2015-07 in the year ended April 30, 2018 and it was applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The fair value amounts presented in the following tables are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented for the total pension benefit plan assets.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfadca03d14994e72a82306455f271ad7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S. Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Investments measured at NAV:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;110,965&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;109,490&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;102,981&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;104,138&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other: Real Estate Commingled Trust Fund&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets at NAV&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,946&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S. Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Equity Securities:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. Equities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,842&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,842&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Non-U.S. Equities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;103,460&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;103,460&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;117,575&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;117,575&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balanced Managed Funds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,550&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,550&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Funds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,431&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;254,134&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;257,565&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;855&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,720&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;200,575&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Real Estate/Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;490&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;490&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;501&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;501&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,134&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,134&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,396&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,396&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Non-U.S. Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,565&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;439,915&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445,480&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,251&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;405,998&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,565&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;439,915&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;659,426&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,251&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;405,998&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;621,877&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Expected employer contributions to the defined benefit pension plans in the year ended April 30, &lt;/span&gt;2021&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; will be approximately $&lt;/span&gt;16.9&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million, including $&lt;/span&gt;11.8&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million of minimum amounts required for our non-U.S. plans. From time to time, we may elect to make voluntary contributions to our defined benefit plans to improve their funded status. Included &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;in our defined benefit pension contributions for the year ended April 30, 2019 was a discretionary contribution of $&lt;/span&gt;10.0&lt;span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; million to the &lt;/span&gt;U.S. Employees' Retirement Plan of John Wiley &amp;amp; Sons, Inc.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb2d679663494465e9ff8dc0457ba9528" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.44%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,581&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,733&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,314&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,205&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,743&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25,948&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,533&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,065&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,598&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,713&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,691&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,404&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,363&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,439&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2026 &#x2013; 2030&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;77,026&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;71,836&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;148,862&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;155,421&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;128,507&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;283,928&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Retiree Health Benefits&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We provide contributory life insurance and health care benefits, subject to certain dollar limitations, for substantially all of our eligible retired U.S. employees. The retiree health benefit is no longer available for any employee who retires after December 31, 2017. The cost of such benefits is expensed over the years the employee renders service and is not funded in advance. The accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, was $1.4 and $1.6 million, respectively. Annual (credits) for these plans for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $(0.1) million, $(0.1) million and $(0.1) million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Defined Contribution Savings Plans&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We have defined contribution savings plans. Our contribution is based on employee contributions and the level of our match. We may make discretionary contributions to all employees as a group. The expense recorded for these plans was approximately $19.0 million, $13.1 million, and $14.4 million in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
</us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <jwa:EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RangeAxis_MinimumMember"
      id="Fact_cfb4de8195064551869d231edcee7dc4">P60Y</jwa:EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans>
    <jwa:EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RangeAxis_MaximumMember"
      id="Fact_3c2d240f14b94974853598280142f18b">P65Y</jwa:EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans>
    <jwa:TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_SupplementalEmployeeRetirementPlanDefinedBenefitMember"
      id="Fact_eecbc0e3319d4c9fb11acaf009bef1a1">P10Y</jwa:TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits>
    <jwa:ComponentsOfNetPeriodicPensionExpenseForDefinedBenefitPlansAndWeightedAverageAssumptionsTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_1ad7ebfbfb444fb3ab098d958698cb33">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The components of net pension (income) expense for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z626e0d1c82a4492db4e1998b65c695ae" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt; U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,851&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;912&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;960&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,704&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,876&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expected Return on Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(14,038&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(26,116&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,472&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(25,551&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(26,385&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Amortization of Prior Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;73&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Recognized Net Actuarial Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,403&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,993&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,035&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,746&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,289&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,832&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Curtailment/Settlement Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;291&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Pension (Income) Expense&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,256&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;113&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,893&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;647&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(7,641&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Discount Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the next fiscal year are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb1800c5032ca420bbdc2399e4c706d9b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Actuarial Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,666&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,323&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prior Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(99&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,512&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,378&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,890&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table sets forth the changes in and the status of our defined benefit plans&#x2019; assets and benefit obligations:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8e80b3ad35f347e19365e5d9f678fd63" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt; U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fair Value of Plan Assets, Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;204,983&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;419,448&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Actual Return on Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,645&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,602&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,705&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,891&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Employer Contributions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,700&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,753&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,872&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Employee Contributions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Settlements&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,459&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefits Paid&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,027&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,162&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(15,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,282&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign Currency Rate Changes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,436&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(31,680&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fair Value, End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,946&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445,480&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefit Obligation, Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(285,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(509,015&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(279,644&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(540,686&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Service Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,851&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(912&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest Cost&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,247&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,704&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Actuarial Gains (Losses)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(37,550&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(36,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(9,662&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,013&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefits Paid&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,027&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,162&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,813&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,282&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign Currency Rate Changes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,176&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;41,143&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Settlements and Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,164&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(886&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefit Obligation, End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(318,967&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(534,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(285,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(509,015&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Underfunded Status, End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(105,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(88,823&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(71,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(100,766&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Current Pension Liability&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,990&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(885&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,188&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(816&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Noncurrent Pension Liability&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(100,031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(87,938&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(66,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(99,950&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(105,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(88,823&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(71,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(100,766&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Net Actuarial (Losses)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(131,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(181,403&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(94,028&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(177,157&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Prior Service Cost Gains (Losses)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,254&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,051&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,408&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,154&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(129,315&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(182,454&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(91,620&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(178,311&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive&#160;Loss&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(37,695&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(4,143&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,546&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,446&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Discount Rate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;%&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;N/A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(318,967&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(285,197&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(477,561&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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      unitRef="U001">477561000</us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation>
    <us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage
      contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_837f8fd68f2a45ebb5f3333879d7e7bc"
      unitRef="U008">0.45</us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage>
    <us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage
      contextRef="c20200430_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_b466828ef7d4490c851ac82ef64ce66b"
      unitRef="U008">0.55</us-gaap:DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage>
    <jwa:AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_ddef66fee7df4874a13c9d00b6bf385a"
      unitRef="U008">0.05</jwa:AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAllocationOfPlanAssetsTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_91c102b7732e40169d679e4bf3d9b658">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfadca03d14994e72a82306455f271ad7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Level 2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S. Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Investments measured at NAV:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;110,965&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;109,490&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;102,981&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;104,138&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other: Real Estate Commingled Trust Fund&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Assets at NAV&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,946&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;213,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S. Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Equity Securities:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;U.S. Equities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,842&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36,842&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39,652&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Non-U.S. Equities&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;103,460&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;103,460&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;117,575&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;117,575&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Balanced Managed Funds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,550&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,550&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Funds&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,431&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;254,134&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;257,565&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;855&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,720&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;200,575&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Real Estate/Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;490&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;490&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;501&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;501&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,134&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,134&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,396&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,396&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Non-U.S. Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,565&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;439,915&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;445,480&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,251&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;405,998&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;408,249&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Plan Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,565&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;439,915&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;659,426&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,251&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;405,998&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;621,877&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb2d679663494465e9ff8dc0457ba9528" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Fiscal Year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.44%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,581&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,733&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,314&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2022&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,205&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,743&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25,948&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,533&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,065&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26,598&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,713&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,691&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;27,404&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2025&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,363&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,439&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,802&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2026 &#x2013; 2030&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;148,862&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;155,421&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;128,507&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;283,928&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 18 &#x2013; Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;All equity compensation plans have been approved by shareholders. Under the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan, (&#x201c;the Plan&#x201d;), qualified employees are eligible to receive awards that may include stock options, performance-based stock awards, and other restricted stock awards. Under the Plan, a maximum number of 6.5 million shares of our Class A stock may be issued. As of April 30, 2020, there were approximately 3,501,116 securities remaining available for future issuance under the Plan. We issue treasury shares to fund awards issued under the Plan.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Stock Option Activity&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the terms of our stock option plan, the exercise price of stock options granted may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. Options are exercisable over a maximum period of 10 years from the date of grant. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, options generally vest 50% on the fourth and fifth anniversary date after the award is granted. For the year ended April 30, 2016, options vest 25% per year on April 30.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We did not grant any stock option awards since the year ended April 30, 2016. As of April 30, 2019, all outstanding options vested allowing the participant the right to exercise their awards.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The&#160; fair value of the options granted in the year ended April 30, 2016 was $14.77 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The significant weighted average assumptions used in the fair value determination was the expected life which represented an estimate of the period of time stock options will be outstanding based on the historical exercise behavior of option recipients. The risk-free interest rate was based on the corresponding U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The expected volatility was based on the historical volatility of our Common Stock price over the estimated life of the option, while the dividend yield was based on the expected dividend payments to be made by us.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A summary of the activity and status of our stock option plans follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z04b03f0cdde7470cb17af8fa3b28d98f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Term&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Aggregate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Intrinsic&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in millions)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Outstanding at Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;611&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47.39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Granted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Exercised&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(34&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38.32&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47.21&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(788&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45.97&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expired or Forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(52&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;54.57&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56.97&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(30&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;54.24&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Outstanding at End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;611&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Exercisable at End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47.43&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at April 30&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;599&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.90&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The intrinsic value is the difference between our common stock price and the option grant price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $0.3 million, $4.4 million, and $10.4 million, respectively.&#160;The total grant date fair value of stock options vested during the year ended April 30, 2019 was $4.8 million.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2020, there was no unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to stock options.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdc9f45dccbc648ad85a544e1cbcd7887" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="width: 37.53%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Options Outstanding&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="4" style="width: 23.73%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Options Exercisable&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Range of Exercise Prices&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Term&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$39.53 to $40.02&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;78&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39.69&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;78&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39.69&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$48.06 to $49.55&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.75&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.75&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$55.99 to $59.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;120&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;120&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total/Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the terms of our long-term incentive plans, performance-based restricted unit awards are payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock upon the achievement of certain three-year financial performance-based targets. During each three-year period, we adjust compensation expense based upon our best estimate of expected performance. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, restricted performance shares vest 50% on the first and second anniversary date after the award is earned. For the years ended April 30, 2016 and 2017, restricted performance shares vest 50% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle and 50% on April 30 of the following year. Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2018, restricted performance share units vest 100% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We may also grant individual restricted unit awards payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock to key employees in connection with their employment. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, the restricted shares generally vest 50% at the end of the fourth and fifth years following the date of the grant. Starting with the year ended April 30, 2016 grants, restricted shares generally vest ratably 25% per year.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under certain circumstances relating to a change of control or termination, as defined, the restrictions would lapse, and shares would vest earlier.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was as follows (shares in thousands):&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0ab96896175c41acba5bfbca042ad003" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restricted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Grant Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restricted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restricted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Nonvested Shares at Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;756&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.38&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;861&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;913&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Granted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;759&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44.46&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;415&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;525&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Change in Shares Due to Performance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.17&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Vested and Issued&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(329&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(357&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(318&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(173&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53.35&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(144&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(152&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Nonvested Shares at End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;943&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.74&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;756&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;861&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;For the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $20.0&#160;million, $18.3&#160;million and $11.2 million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As of April 30, 2020, there was $27.6 million of unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to performance-based and other restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a period up to 4 years, or 2.4 years on a weighted average basis.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Compensation expense for restricted stock awards is measured using the closing market price of our Class A Common Stock at the date of grant. The total grant date value of shares vested during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $17.5 million, $19.6 million, and $15.7 million, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;President and CEO New Hire Equity Awards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On October 17, 2017, we announced Brian A. Napack as the new President and Chief Executive Officer of Wiley effective December 4, 2017 (the "Commencement Date").&#160; Upon the Commencement Date, Mr. Napack also became a member of our Board of Directors (the "Board").&#160; In connection with his appointment, Wiley and Mr. Napack entered into an employment offer letter (the "Employment Agreement").&#160;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The Employment Agreement provides that beginning with the year ended April 30, 2018&#x2013;2020 performance cycle, eligibility to participate in annual grants under our Executive Long-Term Incentive Program (ELTIP). Targeted long-term incentive for this cycle is equal to 300% of base salary, or $2.7 million. &lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_9fed3c6d30554561aeffd93fb30a29f5"&gt;Sixty percent&lt;/span&gt; of the ELTIP value will be delivered in the form of target performance share units and &lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_14fe932099ae4da0969083b99dc6a261"&gt;forty percent&lt;/span&gt; in restricted share units. The grant date fair value for restricted share units was $59.15 per share and included 20,611 restricted share units, which vest 25% each year starting on April 30, 2018 to April 30, 2021. In addition, there was a performance share unit award with a target of 30,916 units and a grant date fair value of $59.15. The performance metrics are based on cumulative EBITDA for the year ended April 30, 2018-2020 and cumulative normalized free cash flow for the year ended April 30, 2018&#x2013;2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The awards are described in further detail in Mr. Napack&#x2019;s Employment Agreement filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2017.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In addition, the Employment Agreement provides for a sign-on grant of restricted share units, with a grant value of $4.0 million, converted to shares using our Class A closing stock price as of the Commencement Date, and vesting in two equal installments on the first and second anniversaries of the employment date. The grant date fair value for this award was $59.15 per share and included 67,625 units at the date of grant. Grants are subject to forfeiture in the case of voluntary termination prior to vesting and accelerated vesting in the case of earlier termination of employment without Cause, due to death or Disability or Constructive Discharge, or upon a Change in Control (as such terms are defined in the Employment Agreement).&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The awards are described in further detail in Mr. Napack&#x2019;s Employment Agreement filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2017.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Director Stock Awards&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Under the terms of our 2018 Director Stock Plan (the &#x201c;Director Plan&#x201d;), each non-employee director, other than the Chairman of the Board, receives an annual award of restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock equal in value to 100% of the annual director stock retainer fee, based on the stock price at the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the date of grant. Such restricted shares will vest on the earliest of (i) the day before the next Annual Meeting following the grant, (ii) the non-employee director&#x2019;s death or disability (as determined by the Governance Committee), or (iii) a change in control (as defined in the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan).&#160;The granted shares may not be sold or transferred during the time the non-employee director remains a director. There were 20,048, 18,991, and 19,900 restricted shares awarded under the Director Plan for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;A summary of the activity and status of our stock option plans follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z04b03f0cdde7470cb17af8fa3b28d98f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Term&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Aggregate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Intrinsic&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in millions)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Outstanding at Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;611&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,429&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47.39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Granted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Exercised&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(34&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38.32&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47.21&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(788&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45.97&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Expired or Forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(52&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;54.57&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56.97&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(30&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;54.24&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Outstanding at End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;611&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Exercisable at End of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47.43&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at April 30&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;49.70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;599&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.90&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdc9f45dccbc648ad85a544e1cbcd7887" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: top;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="width: 37.53%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Options Outstanding&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="4" style="width: 23.73%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Options Exercisable&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Range of Exercise Prices&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Term&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in years)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 14.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(in 000&#x2019;s)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="width: 10.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Exercise&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Price&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$39.53 to $40.02&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;78&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39.69&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;78&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39.69&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$48.06 to $49.55&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.75&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;88&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.75&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;120&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;120&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.89&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total/Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;286&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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      id="Fact_318ad9daeb8644319dcc22e408ebbb73"
      unitRef="U008">0.25</us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_17d36d807c17468dbf9ffd36863124e4">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was as follows (shares in thousands):&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0ab96896175c41acba5bfbca042ad003" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restricted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Average&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Grant Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Value&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restricted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Restricted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;&#160;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Nonvested Shares at Beginning of Year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;756&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.38&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;861&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;913&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Granted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;759&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44.46&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;415&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;525&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Change in Shares Due to Performance&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(70&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.17&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(19&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Vested and Issued&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(329&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53.14&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(357&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(318&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(173&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53.35&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(144&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 19 &#x2013; Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Each share of our Class B Common Stock is convertible into one share of Class A Common Stock. The holders of Class A stock are entitled to elect 30% of the entire Board of Directors and the holders of Class B stock are entitled to elect the remainder. On all other matters, each share of Class A stock is entitled to &lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_412cc978e5ad4421ab300d7ad207ba62"&gt;one tenth&lt;/span&gt; of one vote and each share of Class B stock is entitled to one vote.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Share Repurchases&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;During the year ended April 30, 2020, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program of $200 million of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to $200 million that was remaining under this program.&#160; No share repurchases were made under this program during the year ended April 30, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The share repurchase program described above is in addition to the share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors during the year ended April 30, 2017 of four million shares of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to 806,758 additional shares that were remaining under this program.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the shares repurchased of Class A and B Common Stock:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1cc5004eaa7d4e6ab409714487b40280" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares repurchased &#x2013; Class A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,079,936&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,191,496&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;713,177&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares repurchased &#x2013; Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,281&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Average Price &#x2013; Class A and Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;43.05&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.35&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55.65&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za02ee464e1664172b31c837b360f9195" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,086&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions and other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,166&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,634&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,853&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,097&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Purchase of treasury shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,080&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,192&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;713&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - non-PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(232&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(205&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(133&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(68&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(126&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares issued under the Director Plan to Directors&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(97&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(20&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Stock grants of fully vested Class A shares - common stock&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(20&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares, forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(34&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(788&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares withheld for taxes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;122&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;116&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,405&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,634&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,853&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock A outstanding, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,761&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47,493&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0786d345881d4226a4b58ca481cb5b8d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,071&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,096&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions and other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(25&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,016&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,071&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares repurchased&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,920&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,096&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,137&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,153&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Dividends&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the cash dividends paid during the year ended April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z90e632ccac3d4b409031cb88c0a7f5a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Date of Declaration by Board of Directors&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Quarterly Cash Dividend&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Dividend&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Class of Common Stock&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Dividend Paid Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shareholders of Record as of Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;June 27, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.2 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;July 24, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;July 10, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;September 26, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.1 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;October 23, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;October 8, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;December 18, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.0 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;January 16, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;January 2, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;March 18, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.0 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;April 15, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;March 31, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
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      contextRef="c20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact_e3ea719cce5b47908388bfa117dc08a0"
      unitRef="U002">1</jwa:ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible>
    <jwa:PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_b43d7f7ec6be42d0998b62513351a7a8"
      unitRef="U008">0.30</jwa:PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders>
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      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact_7a3c82a8a6ed4de6aea31c26dae9d5c3"
      unitRef="U010">1</jwa:NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1
      contextRef="c20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member"
      decimals="-6"
      id="Fact_207e5d0cc4264e97b2374a4002effae0"
      unitRef="U001">200000000</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1>
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      contextRef="c20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member"
      decimals="-6"
      id="Fact_8aac7a9f67894509953c79ae8f348a00"
      unitRef="U001">200000000</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingAuthorizedRepurchaseAmount1>
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      unitRef="U002">4000000</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
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      contextRef="c20200430_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_bdd40bc4d0c04999aa305db26949b955"
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    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfTreasuryStockByClassTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_0943d99c22c249c9a6d145ddb690a1eb">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the shares repurchased of Class A and B Common Stock:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1cc5004eaa7d4e6ab409714487b40280" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares repurchased &#x2013; Class A&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,079,936&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,191,496&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;713,177&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares repurchased &#x2013; Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,281&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Average Price &#x2013; Class A and Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;43.05&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.35&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55.65&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfTreasuryStockByClassTextBlock>
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_3a8973d2e9bf48c9ac7acc40b746bac8"
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    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_2ee61d0f42e64b9787ded00a99ab8ff2"
      unitRef="U002">1191496</us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_09f0e3f52fde4de9ba1645db966981d5"
      unitRef="U002">713177</us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_4cb4ca4e76ae4d60ae3df2dfb3979db5"
      unitRef="U002">2281</us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
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      decimals="0"
      id="Fact_cce62e28c5ff40aca43d4d357ea8a29f"
      unitRef="U002">0</us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430_StatementClassOfStockAxis_CommonClassBMember"
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    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_db2bb35b45e041db89321e2013a5b43f"
      unitRef="U003">43.05</us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_3f32c9b81ad1469eb487f5b4b4fffa63"
      unitRef="U003">50.35</us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
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      id="Fact_009cad2453764f7c90d2707938fd8435"
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    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockByClassTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_cfc42292cf1643c58493fdc33b2bbd10">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za02ee464e1664172b31c837b360f9195" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,086&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions and other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;25&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,166&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;70,111&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock A in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,634&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,853&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,097&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Purchase of treasury shares&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,080&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,192&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;713&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - non-PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(232&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(205&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(133&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(68&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(110&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(126&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares issued under the Director Plan to Directors&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(97&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(20&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Stock grants of fully vested Class A shares - common stock&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(20&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares, forfeited&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(34&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(788&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares withheld for taxes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;122&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;130&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;116&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,405&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;22,634&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,853&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock A outstanding, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;46,761&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47,493&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,258&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0786d345881d4226a4b58ca481cb5b8d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,071&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,096&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Common stock class conversions and other&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(39&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(25&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares issued, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,016&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,055&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,071&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Changes in Common Stock B in treasury:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, beginning of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Shares repurchased&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of shares held, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,920&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,918&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of year&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,096&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,137&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,153&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table summarizes the cash dividends paid during the year ended April 30, 2020:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z90e632ccac3d4b409031cb88c0a7f5a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Date of Declaration by Board of Directors&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Quarterly Cash Dividend&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Dividend&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Class of Common Stock&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Dividend Paid Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Shareholders of Record as of Date&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;June 27, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.2 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;July 24, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;July 10, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;September 26, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.1 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;October 23, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;October 8, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;December 18, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.0 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;January 16, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;January 2, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;March 18, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$0.34 per common share&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$19.0 million&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class A and&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Class B&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;April 15, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;March 31, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 20 &#x2013; Segment Information&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms, which continues to include the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#x201c;Publishing&#x201d; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#x2013; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which includes our Online Program Management and mthree &lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses&lt;/span&gt;. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280. These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates our business performance and manages the operations.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Segment information is as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb6f211b50833438b806316b2d49b31bf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;For the Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;948,839&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;939,217&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;936,857&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;650,789&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;703,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;740,115&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;231,855&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;157,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;119,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,796,103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Contribution to (Loss) Profit:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,119&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;259,754&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;272,904&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,176&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;146,265&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;144,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(117,515&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,272&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,899&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;125,780&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;392,747&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;415,046&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(180,067&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(168,758&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(183,585&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(54,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;223,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;231,461&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit:&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;265,353&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;260,885&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;278,161&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;84,646&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,404&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;155,885&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,883&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;346,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;395,406&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;434,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(165,487&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(168,299&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(170,414&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Operating Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;180,668&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;227,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;263,627&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Depreciation and Amortization:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;69,495&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;60,889&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;54,805&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;69,807&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;68,126&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;72,274&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,117&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;163,433&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;140,191&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,694&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,798&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;175,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;161,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;153,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted EBITDA:&lt;sup&gt; (2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;334,848&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;321,774&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;332,966&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;154,453&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;215,530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;228,159&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,234&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;509,588&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;542,538&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;574,232&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(153,793&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(154,276&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(156,616&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;355,795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;388,262&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;417,616&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8c7afb1eb3b44229972a32d4c5224c5b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to (Loss) Profit adjusted for restructuring charges and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. See Note 7, &#x201c;Restructuring and Related Charges&#x201d; and Note 11, &#x201c;Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#x201d; for these charges by segment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7569d607270046b79ccf7ec98b67d3ea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table shows a reconciliation of our consolidated U.S. GAAP net (loss) income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z680fb9787b36437dbf99f38c2475fadc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;For the Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(74,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;168,263&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;192,186&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest expense&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,959&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,121&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,274&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Provision for income taxes&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,195&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,689&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,745&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;175,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;161,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;153,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-GAAP EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;136,994&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;390,228&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;381,194&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;202,348&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restructuring and related charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,607&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,566&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign exchange transaction (gains) losses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,773&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,016&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,819&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest and other income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,100&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(8,563&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;355,795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;388,262&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;417,616&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;See Note 3, &#x201c;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#x201d; for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze2354d64c674405db581cfbee1cf882c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;For the Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,225,313&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,172,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,242,458&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;924,924&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;959,601&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;942,598&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;486,316&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;440,516&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;532,241&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;376,504&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;455,372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,168,794&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,948,766&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,839,451&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Product Development Spending and Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,329&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,928&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(24,961&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(38,229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(32,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(43,625&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(613&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,991&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(60,030&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(53,168&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(76,151&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(115,201&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(101,593&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(150,728&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue from external customers is based on the location of the customer and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net by geographic area were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z24c1da63cae443359d54fc5c694157f2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;United States&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;944,075&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;932,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;913,852&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;261,296&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;252,459&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;249,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;174,567&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;150,242&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,406&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,076&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,331&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,955&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Germany&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;113,664&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;97,505&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;98,404&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,059&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,423&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,259&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Japan&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;75,104&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;77,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;81,572&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;87&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;72&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Australia&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;73,718&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;77,453&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;78,270&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,051&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,440&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,454&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;China&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;58,870&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53,076&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;492&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;688&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Canada&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,370&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50,882&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,568&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,635&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;France&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45,033&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;51,441&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;51,826&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,358&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;403&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;635&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Scandinavia&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,682&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,971&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;31,695&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;309&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Countries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;260,400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;276,479&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;284,434&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,604&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,302&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,796,103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;298,005&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;289,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;289,934&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_ca2f3712e1b04807803bd6131149eaa2">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Segment information is as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb6f211b50833438b806316b2d49b31bf" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;For the Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;948,839&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;939,217&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;936,857&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;650,789&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;703,303&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;740,115&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;231,855&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;157,549&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;119,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Revenue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,796,103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Contribution to (Loss) Profit:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;169,119&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;259,754&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;272,904&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;74,176&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;146,265&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;144,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(117,515&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,272&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1,899&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;125,780&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;392,747&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;415,046&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(180,067&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(168,758&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(183,585&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Operating (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(54,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;223,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;231,461&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit:&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;265,353&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;260,885&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;278,161&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;84,646&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,404&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;155,885&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,883&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;346,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;395,406&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;434,041&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Corporate Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(165,487&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(168,299&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(170,414&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Adjusted Operating Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;180,668&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;227,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;263,627&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Depreciation and Amortization:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;69,495&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;60,889&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;54,805&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;69,807&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;68,126&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;72,274&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,131&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,117&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;163,433&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,132&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;140,191&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,694&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,798&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Depreciation and Amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;175,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;161,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;153,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Adjusted EBITDA:&lt;sup&gt; (2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;334,848&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;321,774&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;332,966&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;154,453&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;215,530&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;228,159&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,234&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;509,588&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;542,538&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8c7afb1eb3b44229972a32d4c5224c5b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to (Loss) Profit adjusted for restructuring charges and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. See Note 7, &#x201c;Restructuring and Related Charges&#x201d; and Note 11, &#x201c;Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#x201d; for these charges by segment.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The following table shows a reconciliation of our consolidated U.S. GAAP net (loss) income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z680fb9787b36437dbf99f38c2475fadc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;For the Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(74,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;168,263&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;192,186&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,959&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,121&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;13,274&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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  &lt;tr&gt;
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    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;11,195&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,689&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,745&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;175,127&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;161,155&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;153,989&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-GAAP EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;136,994&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;390,228&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;381,194&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;202,348&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,600&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Restructuring and related charges&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;32,607&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,118&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;28,566&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Foreign exchange transaction (gains) losses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2,773&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;6,016&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,819&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Interest and other income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(13,381&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(11,100&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(8,563&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;355,795&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;388,262&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;417,616&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</jwa:ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_95b84f2b955f4499a209898ab3dc42c2"
      unitRef="U001">-74287000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_bbd6727278f14e2fbf1df03dcdece3a4"
      unitRef="U001">168263000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_c65f78e09964467da250a948e27ce805"
      unitRef="U001">192186000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:InterestExpense
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5063a4cde4584d88a1301105dad73c0c"
      unitRef="U001">24959000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
    <us-gaap:InterestExpense
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_cea251fa54e24564a4930f447e4e5dea"
      unitRef="U001">16121000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
    <us-gaap:InterestExpense
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_272ef7942c394aef82f094f423612dae"
      unitRef="U001">13274000</us-gaap:InterestExpense>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_6a49eb6a11a6481abd13c49690a716e8"
      unitRef="U001">11195000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_f8a0c07839b24e7bb3e9755b3656af07"
      unitRef="U001">44689000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_853759dc89df48f2bd4b545019320309"
      unitRef="U001">21745000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_9bf1b32540bb4a5181706d5dc027e12c"
      unitRef="U001">175127000</us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_05f3b6f2741744eaa9821730e7ba4451"
      unitRef="U001">161155000</us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization
      contextRef="c20170501to20180430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_8822dc7b3e0d440dbfcc150861913648"
      unitRef="U001">153989000</us-gaap:DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization>
    <jwa:EarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_5b115581a6e64644a5f8766d19e3390c"
      unitRef="U001">136994000</jwa:EarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization>
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      id="Fact_f54535bb896440d18151877ab897e4d0"
      unitRef="U001">3600000</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment>
    <jwa:RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_55f1770c210f4aef9869baf0d38801da"
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      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_62af4c04f70440938c077c90ad440afa"
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      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact_02c6ffa9ac014641921825838ad92978"
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      id="Fact_076bcd4ec9234dbeac667d5291461b41"
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    <jwa:ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock
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      id="Text_34ffe75d79f64005bdbaf470343750cc">
&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;See Note 3, &#x201c;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#x201d; for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze2354d64c674405db581cfbee1cf882c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;For the Years Ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Total Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,225,313&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,172,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,242,458&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;924,924&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;959,601&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;942,598&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;486,316&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;440,516&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;199,023&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;532,241&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;376,504&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;455,372&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,168,794&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,948,766&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,839,451&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Product Development Spending and Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Research Publishing &amp;amp; Platforms&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(16,329&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,928&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(24,961&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Academic &amp;amp; Professional Learning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(38,229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(32,337&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(43,625&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Education Services&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(613&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(3,160&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(5,991&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Corporate&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(60,030&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(53,168&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(76,151&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(115,201&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(101,593&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(150,728&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Revenue from external customers is based on the location of the customer and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net by geographic area were as follows:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z24c1da63cae443359d54fc5c694157f2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Technology, Property and Equipment, Net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;United States&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;944,075&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;932,927&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;913,852&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;261,296&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;252,459&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;249,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;174,567&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;150,242&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;147,406&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,076&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,331&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;20,955&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Germany&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;113,664&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;97,505&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;98,404&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,059&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,423&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,259&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Japan&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;75,104&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;77,145&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;81,572&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;112&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;87&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;72&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Australia&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;73,718&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;77,453&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;78,270&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,051&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,440&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,454&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;China&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;58,870&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,024&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;53,076&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;492&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;688&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Canada&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;56,370&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50,882&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;55,568&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,734&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,659&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,635&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;France&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;45,033&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;51,441&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;51,826&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,358&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;403&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;635&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Scandinavia&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;29,682&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;30,971&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;31,695&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;223&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;229&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;309&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Other Countries&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;260,400&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;276,479&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;284,434&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,604&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4,302&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3,844&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Total&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800,069&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,796,103&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;298,005&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;289,021&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;289,934&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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      id="Fact_2e619f4d9b504202aaa57e6211437893"
      unitRef="U001">944075000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
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      id="Fact_3306c856bc8746ddac31c96d695f84d1"
      unitRef="U001">932927000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
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      id="Fact_b00f760c36e74da2abec8f78eedbb24c"
      unitRef="U001">913852000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="c20200430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_US"
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      id="Fact_38d1c6f311bb49d58f7b42c41fdcc400"
      unitRef="U001">261296000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      contextRef="c20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_US"
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      id="Fact_e698001449c244fb890c5770cc33510c"
      unitRef="U001">252459000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      unitRef="U001">249542000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      id="Fact_2cc80862e55b4cc3a292fb2e749f5c2f"
      unitRef="U001">174567000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
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      id="Fact_718c312d1c514a39a98bcadc22dabaad"
      unitRef="U001">150242000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
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      id="Fact_b6f02b9d705f4a8ba9b0f8eeb9cfe97a"
      unitRef="U001">147406000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
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      unitRef="U001">18076000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      contextRef="c20190430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_GB"
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      id="Fact_9c0da758bff14bfab573bc9bca8fb5f8"
      unitRef="U001">18331000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      contextRef="c20180430_ConsolidationItemsAxis_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember_StatementGeographicalAxis_GB"
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      id="Fact_255f9137377d44c3b836b85726fdc535"
      unitRef="U001">20955000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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      id="Fact_51eb91760d1a447f93cfb49f307bba91"
      unitRef="U001">113664000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax
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      id="Fact_c94d68f5724c4bf088768ce437098525"
      unitRef="U001">97505000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
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      id="Fact_29813594294842c48602d9e609c59903"
      unitRef="U001">98404000</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax>
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      id="Fact_d4ac2cbc0cc24dfc959a34982b94e99b"
      unitRef="U001">8059000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
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&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 21 &#x2013; Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited)&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze5fdfc9148ca40f7b0fdd9cbb99262d2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amounts in millions, except per share data&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;423.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;410.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;466.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;448.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;467.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;449.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;474.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;491.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Gross Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;280.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;283.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;322.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;316.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;313.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;305.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;324.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;340.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,240.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,245.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Operating (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;63.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(170.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;80.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(54.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;224.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;43.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;34.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(158.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;63.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(74.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;168.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za3b769a442e2421fb6b07013923cc061" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Basic&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Diluted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Basic&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Diluted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Loss) Earnings Per Share &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.06&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.06&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.46&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.45&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.79&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.79&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.76&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.76&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.63&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.63&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.61&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.61&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter &lt;sup style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2.83&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2.83&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.11&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30, &lt;sup style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.32&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.32&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.94&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.91&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z66900d5ab4fa405f97882ce41204950f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts may not agree to the respective annual amounts due to rounding.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zdad6b3e497094833ac9f526b38418e43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In calculating diluted net (loss) earnings per common share for the fourth quarter and year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive. This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:QuarterlyFinancialInformationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfQuarterlyFinancialInformationTableTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_c8bbdd3c739a4885b97517b86e657036">
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze5fdfc9148ca40f7b0fdd9cbb99262d2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Amounts in millions, except per share data&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Revenue, net&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;423.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;410.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;466.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;448.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;467.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;449.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;474.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;491.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,831.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,800.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Gross Profit&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;280.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;283.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;322.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;316.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;313.2&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;305.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;324.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;340.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,240.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,245.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Operating (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;4.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;36.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;63.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;57.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48.5&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;50.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(170.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;80.1&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(54.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;224.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Net (Loss) Income&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;3.6&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;26.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44.7&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;43.8&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;35.4&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;34.9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(158.0&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;63.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(74.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;168.3&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za3b769a442e2421fb6b07013923cc061" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Basic&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Diluted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Basic&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Diluted&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Loss) Earnings Per Share &lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;First Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.06&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.06&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.46&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.45&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Second Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.79&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.79&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.76&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.76&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Third Quarter&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.63&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.63&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.61&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;0.61&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Fourth Quarter &lt;sup style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2.83&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(2.83&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.11&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1.10&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year ended April 30, &lt;sup style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.32&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(1.32&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.94&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2.91&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z66900d5ab4fa405f97882ce41204950f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts may not agree to the respective annual amounts due to rounding.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zdad6b3e497094833ac9f526b38418e43" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 27pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;In calculating diluted net (loss) earnings per common share for the fourth quarter and year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive. This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
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    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
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    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
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    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
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    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
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    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="c20180501to20180731"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
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      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_6b43e970f33547f3b67bb153f23c614c"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
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      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_02b77a4563e741729aba7c274e0470c9"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
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      decimals="-5"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="c20190201to20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_60f8cd450ee24d9c95caa909ac3d8c70"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
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      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_6a120c41000f47e0ba40e373725a88be"
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    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_419e5740b5184c15940d05f712a12250"
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      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact_a0f7c4bbf3a841449755471dccc1d4f9"
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    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
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      decimals="-5"
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    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
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    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
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      id="Fact_e092159c29b847a7b81ea5196adcb01d"
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      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
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      id="Fact_f89384a52a61494c853f17da4978991c"
      unitRef="U003">-1.32</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
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      id="Fact_a141100461dd4e32988b1dcf8e1fd7c6"
      unitRef="U003">2.94</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted
      contextRef="c20180501to20190430"
      decimals="2"
      id="Fact_b0499f70878f47be8a6856bb0c747414"
      unitRef="U003">2.91</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted>
    <us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock
      contextRef="c20190501to20200430"
      id="Text_2679cf039bce45ac9928b7fd7f9f5669">
&lt;div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Note 22 &#x2013; Subsequent Events&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Dividend:&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;On June 25, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.3425 per share, or approximately $19.1 million, on our Class A and Class B Common Stock.&#160; The dividend is payable on July 22, 2020 to shareholders of record on July 7, 2020.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Schedule II&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;JOHN WILEY &amp;amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;FOR THE YEARS ENDED APRIL 30, 2020, 2019, AND 2018&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;(Dollars in thousands)&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zf05d55947fb04687996f9e4b7c0bf394" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Description&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Beginning&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;of Period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Charged to&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Expenses&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Deductions&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;From Reserves&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;and Other&lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Balance at&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"&gt;End of Period&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year Ended April 30, 2020&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Sales Returns&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;48,829&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;47,729&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;19,642&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Doubtful Accounts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,307&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,470&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,442&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,335&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,825&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,699&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,457&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;16,067&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,179&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,108&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;23,287&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year Ended April 30, 2019&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Sales Returns&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,483&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;37,569&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,542&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Doubtful Accounts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,279&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,079&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;14,307&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,193&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,328&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,696&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;15,825&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;51&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;(12,317&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,179&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Year Ended April 30, 2018&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Sales Returns&lt;sup&gt; (1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;24,300&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;38,711&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;44,383&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,628&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Doubtful Accounts&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,186&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;5,439&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;2,518&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;10,107&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;21,096&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;9,182&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;12,085&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;18,193&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;1,300&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;7,511&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;$&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;8,811&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;div&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z087934ca3f5e490eb3150bdac70e127f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Allowance for Sales Returns represents anticipated returns net of a recovery of inventory and royalty costs. The provision is reported as a reduction of gross sales to arrive at revenue and the reserve balance is reported as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net (in the year ended April 30, 2018) with a corresponding increase in Inventories, net and a reduction in Accrued Royalties for the years ended April 30, &lt;/span&gt;2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;2019&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;2018&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;. Due to the adoption of the revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of April 30, &lt;/span&gt;2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; and 2019 is recorded in Contract Liabilities. &lt;/span&gt;In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;. See Note 3, &#x201c;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#x201d; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="za52fae51e429433fad8602e83ddae4a2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;"&gt;
  &lt;tr&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(2)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;Deductions From Reserves and Other for the years ended April 30, &lt;/span&gt;2020&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;2019&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; and &lt;/span&gt;2018&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"&gt; include foreign exchange translation adjustments. Included in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts are accounts written off, less recoveries. Included in Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence are items removed from inventory. Included in Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets for the year ended April 30, 2019 are &lt;/span&gt;foreign tax credits generated and valuation allowances needed in connection with the Tax Act.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
  &lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6902983520">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Details)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="4">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Vote </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2019 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="nump">$ 43.05<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 50.35<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 55.65<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis=jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member', window );">2017 Share Repurchase Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CapitalStockAbstract', window );"><strong>Capital Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Additional shares/dollars of common stock approved for repurchase under the share repurchase program (in shares in 2019 and dollars in 2020)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,000,000<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Remaining number of shares/dollars authorized to be repurchased under the share repurchase program in 2017 program (shares) and 2020 program (dollars)</a></td>
<td class="nump">806,758<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis=jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member', window );">2020 Share Repurchase Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CapitalStockAbstract', window );"><strong>Capital Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1', window );">Amount of additional stock authorized to be repurchased | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingAuthorizedRepurchaseAmount1', window );">Remaining amount authorized to be repurchased under the share repurchase program | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares Repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockNumberOfSharesParValueAndOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Common Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible', window );">Class A Common shares into which each share of Class B Common Stock is convertible (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders', window );">Percentage of the Board of Directors elected by Class A common stockholders</a></td>
<td class="nump">30.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock', window );">Number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled | Vote</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares Repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,079,936<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,191,496<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">713,177<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,127,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,111,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,086,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1', window );">Common stock class conversions and other</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares issued, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,166,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,127,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,111,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,086,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,634,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,853,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,097,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Purchase of treasury shares (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,080,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,192,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">713,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation', window );">Shares issued under the Director Plan to Directors</a></td>
<td class="num">(97,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(20,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Stock grants of fully vested Class A shares - common stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(20,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited', window );">Restricted shares, forfeited (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(34,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(229,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(788,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings', window );">Shares withheld for taxes (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">122,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">130,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">116,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOtherShares', window );">Other (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,405,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,634,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,853,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,097,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">46,761,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">47,493,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,258,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member] | Non-Performance Shares [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(232,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(205,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(133,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member] | Performance Share Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(68,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(110,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(126,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockNumberOfSharesParValueAndOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Common Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock', window );">Number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled | Vote</a></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares Repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,281<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,055,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,071,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,096,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1', window );">Common stock class conversions and other</a></td>
<td class="num">(39,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Number of shares issued, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,016,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,055,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,071,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,096,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Common Stock in Treasury [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, beginning of year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Purchase of treasury shares (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Number of shares held, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,920,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Number of Common Stock outstanding, end of period (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,096,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,137,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,153,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_CapitalStockAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_CapitalStockAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ChangesInCommonStockAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ChangesInCommonStockInTreasuryAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which each share of Class B Common Stock is convertible.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ClassCommonSharesIntoWhichEachShareOfClassBCommonStockIsConvertible</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of votes to which each share of common stock is entitled, excluding election of Directors.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfVotesEntitlementPerShareOfClassCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:decimalItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of voting rights of common stock. Includes eligibility to vote and votes per share owned. Include also, if any, unusual voting rights.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_PercentageOfBoardOfDirectorsElectedByClassCommonStockholders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockNumberOfSharesParValueAndOtherDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockNumberOfSharesParValueAndOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of new shares issued in the conversion of stock in a noncash (or part noncash) transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConversionOfStockSharesIssued1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number, after shares used to satisfy grantee's tax withholding obligation for award under share-based payment arrangement, of restricted shares issued. Excludes cash used to satisfy grantee's tax withholding obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedStockSharesIssuedNetOfSharesForTaxWithholdings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares related to Restricted Stock Award forfeited during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardForfeited</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued during the period related to Restricted Stock Awards, net of any shares forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number, after forfeiture, of shares or units issued under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes shares or units issued under employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stock repurchase plan authorized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares authorized to be repurchased by an entity's Board of Directors under a stock repurchase plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingAuthorizedRepurchaseAmount1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount remaining of a stock repurchase plan authorized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingAuthorizedRepurchaseAmount1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The remaining number of shares authorized to be repurchased by an entity's Board of Directors under a stock repurchase plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and have not been retired and are not held in treasury. Some state laws may govern the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOtherShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of increase (decrease) in shares of stock classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOtherShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total cost of shares repurchased divided by the total number of shares repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and are being held in treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis=jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis=jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2017Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis=jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis=jwa_ShareRepurchaseProgramIn2020Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937421520">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 4 &#8211; Acquisitions</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Fiscal Year 2020</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Pro forma financial information related to these acquisitions has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">mthree</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On January 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of </span>100%<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> of the outstanding stock of mthree. mthree is a rapidly growing education services provider that addresses the IT skills gap by finding, training and placing job-ready technology talent in roles with leading corporations worldwide. Its results of operations are included in our Education Services segment.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The preliminary fair value of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date was $</span>128.6<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million (&#163;</span>97.5<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million) which included $</span>122.2<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash and $</span>6.4<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date. We financed the payment of the cash consideration primarily through borrowings under our Amended and Restated RCA (as defined below in Note 14, &#8220;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#8221;) and using cash on hand. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred including those amounts paid after the acquisition date, net of $</span>2.2<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash acquired was approximately $</span>126.4<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">At the time of the acquisition, Wiley entered into agreements with certain employees of mthree who will remain employees after the acquisition. Cash payments will be made based on reaching certain revenue and EBITDA targets in each year over a </span>four-year<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> period. Such payments are subject to continuing employment and would therefore be considered compensation expense for services provided subsequent to the acquisition.&#160; Such expense would be recognized when it becomes probable that the targets will be achieved.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The mthree acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets has been recorded to Goodwill in our </span>Consolidated Statements of Financial Position <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">as of&#160;April 30, 2020. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. We recorded the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date. </span>None<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. The acquisition related costs to acquire mthree were expensed when incurred and were approximately $</span>1.3<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;million. Such costs were primarily allocated to the Education Services segment and are reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income in the year ended April 30, 2020.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">mthree&#8217;s revenue and operating loss included in our Education Services segment results for the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> was $</span>17.5<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million and $</span>1.7<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, respectively.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the preliminary consideration transferred to acquire mthree and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8065aea652b342cd82a9064e4a3b3d8c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is preliminary, and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report, leases and related commitments, tax related matters and contingencies and certain assets and liabilities, including receivables and payables, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition date.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Zyante Inc.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On July 1, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Zyante Inc. (&#8220;zyBooks&#8221;), a leading provider of computer science and STEM education courseware. The results of operations of zyBooks is included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results. The fair value of the consideration transferred at the acquisition date was $</span>57.1<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million which included $</span>55.9<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash and $</span>1.2<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the three months ended January 31, 2020. The fair value of the cash consideration transferred including those amounts paid after the acquisition date, net of $</span>1.8<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash acquired was approximately $</span>54.7<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The zyBooks acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets has been recorded to Goodwill in our C</span>onsolidated Statements of Financial Position <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">as of&#160;April 30, 2020. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. Goodwill has been allocated to the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment. </span>None<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;of the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes. zyBooks revenue included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results for the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> was $</span>13.5<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire zyBooks and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z20cd9184e5b7492089b2282b5a9874a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z73bbb9c2ee4b4af5a908ccc3af0a90f9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is final.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Other Acquisitions</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The preliminary fair value of cash consideration transferred during the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> for all other acquisitions</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> was approximately $</span>48.5<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million. These other acquisitions were accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting as of their respective acquisition dates. The excess purchase price over identifiable net tangible and intangible assets of $</span>27.9<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million has been recorded to Goodwill in our </span>Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and $</span>27.7<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of intangible assets subject to amortization have been recorded, including customer relationships, developed technology and content that are being amortized over estimated weighted average useful lives of </span>8<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>5<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span>10<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, respectively. The fair value assessed for the majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed equaled their carrying value. Goodwill represents synergies and economies of scale expected from the combination of services. Goodwill of $</span>8.5<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million has been allocated to the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment, and $</span>19.4<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million has been allocated to the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment. The revenue for the year ended </span>April 30, 2020<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> related to these other acquisitions was approximately $9.7 million.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">On April 1, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.&#8217;s Informatics products including the company&#8217;s spectroscopy software and spectral databases (&#8220;Informatics&#8221;). The results of Informatics are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment results.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">On March 2, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Madgex Holdings Limited (&#8220;Madgex&#8221;), a market-leading provider of advanced job board software and career center services. The results of Madgex are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment results.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The allocation of the total consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for Informatics and Madgex is preliminary, and could be revised as a result of additional information obtained due to the finalization of the third-party valuation report, leases and related commitments, tax related matters and contingencies and certain assets and liabilities, including receivables and payables, but such amounts will be finalized within the measurement period, which will not exceed one year from the acquisition dates.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">On May 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition of certain assets of Knewton, Inc. (&#8220;Knewton&#8221;). Knewton is a provider of affordable courseware and adaptive learning technology. The results of Knewton are included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results. The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed for Knewton is final.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We also completed the acquisition of </span>two<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> immaterial businesses, which are included in our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment, </span>one<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> immaterial business included in our Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment results and </span>one<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> immaterial business in our Education Services business.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Fiscal Year 2019</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The Learning House, Inc.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">On November 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of </span>100%<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> of the outstanding stock of The Learning House, Inc. (&#8220;Learning House&#8221;) a diversified education services provider. The results of operations of Learning House are included in our Education Services segment.</span> Headquartered in Louisville, KY, Learning House provides online program management services including graduate and undergraduate programs; short courses, boot camps, and other skills training and credentialing for students and professionals; pathway services for international students<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">;&#160;</span>professional development services for teachers; and learning solutions for corporate clients. The combination of Learning House and Wiley Education Services creates a leading provider of tech-enabled education services for colleges and universities.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The fair value of the consideration transferred was $</span>201.3<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million which included $</span>200.7<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash and $</span>0.6<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of warrants, inclusive of purchase price adjustments which were finalized in the three months ended April 30, 2019. We financed the payment of the cash consideration through borrowings under our RCA (as defined below in Note 14, &#8220;Debt and Available Credit Facilities&#8221;).&#160;The warrants were classified as equity and allow the holder to purchase </span>400,000<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $</span>90.00<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, subject to adjustments. The term of the warrants is </span>three years<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, expiring on November 1, 2021. The fair value of the warrants was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The final fair value of the cash consideration transferred, net of $</span>10.3<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of cash acquired was $</span>190.4<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. We recorded the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date, all of which are included in the Education Services segment. None of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The allocation of the consideration transferred to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is final.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire Learning House and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.</span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6ce1e8945e724505bd6a8d6ccb03ef79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Final Allocation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total consideration transferred</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">201,274</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Learning House&#8217;s revenue and operating loss included in our Education Services segment results for the year ended April 30, 2019 was $31.5 million and $8.0 million, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pro forma financial information related to this acquisition has not been provided as it is not material to our consolidated results of operations.</div>

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<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1.32<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1.28<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6913333232">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Inventories</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 8 &#8211; Inventories</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Finished Goods</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36,014</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">33,736</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Work-in-Process</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,398</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,094</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Paper and Other Materials</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">331</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">373</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Inventories Before Estimated Sales Returns and LIFO Reserve</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">37,743</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36,203</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,686</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,739</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,815</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,360</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Inventories</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35,582</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards,&#8221; under the caption &#8220;Sales Return Reserves,&#8221; for a discussion of the Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market, which resulted in a reduction of $16.1 million and $15.8 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. </div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for inventory. Includes, but is not limited to, the basis of stating inventory, the method of determining inventory cost, the classes of inventory, and the nature of the cost elements included in inventory.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6913784816">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Schedule II</div>

<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">JOHN WILEY &amp; SONS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</div>

<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS</div>

<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">FOR THE YEARS ENDED APRIL 30, 2020, 2019, AND 2018</div>

<div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Dollars in thousands)</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,542</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,079</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,193</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,328</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,696</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,825</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">51</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12,317</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,179</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Allowance for Sales Returns<sup> (1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,300</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">38,711</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,383</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,628</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,186</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,439</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,518</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,107</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,096</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,182</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,085</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,193</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,811</div></td>
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<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Allowance for Sales Returns represents anticipated returns net of a recovery of inventory and royalty costs. The provision is reported as a reduction of gross sales to arrive at revenue and the reserve balance is reported as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net (in the year ended April 30, 2018) with a corresponding increase in Inventories, net and a reduction in Accrued Royalties for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span>2018<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. Due to the adoption of the revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and 2019 is recorded in Contract Liabilities. </span>In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</span></div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Deductions From Reserves and Other for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span>2018<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> include foreign exchange translation adjustments. Included in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts are accounts written off, less recoveries. Included in Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence are items removed from inventory. Included in Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets for the year ended April 30, 2019 are </span>foreign tax credits generated and valuation allowances needed in connection with the Tax Act.</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br> -Number 210<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection 09<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Parenthetical)<br> shares in Millions</strong></div></th>
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<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
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<td class="nump">0.4<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of securities into which the class of warrant or right may be converted. For example, but not limited to, 500,000 warrants may be converted into 1,000,000 shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923734352">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">903,950</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39,887</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">35,968</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,227</div></td>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9e78359d14854942a20386cd6ba7d25b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of receivable, contract asset, and contract liability from contract with customer. Includes, but is not limited to, change in contract asset and contract liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130551-203045<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of disaggregation of revenue into categories depicting how nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factor.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br></p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) INCOME - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="5">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Costs and Expenses</strong></a></td>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">554,722<span></span>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
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<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">3,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">28,566<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of intangibles</a></td>
<td class="nump">62,436<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">54,658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">48,230<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses', window );">Total Costs and Expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,885,770<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,576,080<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,564,642<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">(54,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">223,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">231,461<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(24,959)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(16,121)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(13,274)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,773<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(6,016)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(12,819)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense', window );">Interest and Other Income</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,381<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">11,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">8,563<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">(Loss) Income Before Taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">(63,092)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">212,952<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">213,931<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,195<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">44,689<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">21,745<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (74,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 168,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 192,186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>(Loss) Earnings Per Share</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1.32)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.94<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.37<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1.32)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.91<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.32<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,209<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,192<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,043<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,209<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,840<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,888<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="6"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="6"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">In calculating diluted net (loss) earnings per common share for the fourth quarter and year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive. This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts may not agree to the respective annual amounts due to rounding.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of interest and other income (expense) recognized during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_InterestAndOtherIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 924<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.L)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6472922&amp;loc=d3e499488-122856<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2(a),(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total costs of sales and operating expenses for the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22595-107794<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120380238&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120380238&amp;loc=d3e3842-109258<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22644-107794<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120380238&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22644-107794<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120380238&amp;loc=d3e3842-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22595-107794<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121605123&amp;loc=d3e30226-110892<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120253306&amp;loc=d3e28228-110885<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total loss recognized during the period from the impairment of goodwill plus the loss recognized in the period resulting from the impairment of the carrying amount of intangible assets, other than goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120385591&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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-SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22583-107794<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923923568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitment and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Commitment and Contingencies</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 16 &#8211; Commitment and Contingencies</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are involved in routine litigation in the ordinary course of our business.&#160;A provision for litigation is accrued when information available to us indicates that it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Significant judgment may be required to determine both the probability and estimates of loss. When the amount of the loss can only be estimated within a range, the most likely outcome within that range is accrued. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount within the range is accrued. When uncertainties exist related to the probable outcome of litigation and/or the amount or range of loss, we do not record a liability, but disclose facts related to the nature of the contingency and possible losses if management considers the information to be material. Reserves for legal defense costs are recognized when incurred. The accruals for loss contingencies and legal costs are reviewed regularly and may be adjusted to reflect updated information on the status of litigation and advice of legal counsel.&#160;In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of all pending litigation as of April 30, 2020, will not have a material effect upon our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.</div>
<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2127136<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144648<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559207&amp;loc=d3e25336-109308<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559207&amp;loc=d3e25336-109308<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6922710960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Operating Leases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 12 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Operating Leases</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 2, &#8220;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</span>.&#8221;</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have contractual obligations as a lessee with respect to offices, warehouses and distribution centers, automobiles, and office equipment.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The present value of the lease payments is calculated using an incremental borrowing rate, which was determined based on the rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term. We use an unsecured borrowing rate and risk-adjust that rate to approximate a collateralized rate.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the new leasing standard, leases that are more than one year in duration are capitalized and recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Some of our leases offer an option to extend the term of such leases. We utilize the reasonably certain threshold criteria in determining which options we will exercise. Furthermore, some of our lease payments are based on index rates with minimum annual increases. These represent fixed payments and are captured in the future minimum lease payments calculation.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">142,716</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease liabilities, non-current</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">159,782</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, we added $22.9 million to the ROU assets and $24.4 million to the operating lease liabilities due to new leases as well as modifications and remeasurements to our existing operating leases.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total net lease costs are as follows:</div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total net lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease cost does not include those costs included in Restructuring and Related Charges on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See&#160; Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more information on these programs.&#160;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other supplemental information includes the following:</div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Weighted-average discount rate:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating cash flows from operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z788defd5cfdf4e6a868acb66d697dfa0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">181,592</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Current portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Prior to the Adoption of ASC Topic 842</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following schedule shows the composition of net rent expense for operating leases:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Minimum Rental</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">29,066</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31,451</div></td>
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  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Sublease Rentals</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(719</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(708</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,347</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30,743</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rent expense associated with operating leases that include scheduled rent increases and tenant incentives, such as rent holidays or leasehold improvement allowances, were recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.</div>
<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=77888251<br></p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Product Development Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets consisted of the following at April 30:</div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Book Composition Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,744</div></td>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. &#8211; Federal</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8,476</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">335</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(26,062</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7,630</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,420</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State and Local</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,118</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,454</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">530</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred (Benefit) Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(27,616</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12,749</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(23,112</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,195</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,689</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,745</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock', window );">International and United States Pretax Income</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International and United States pretax (loss) income for the years ended April 30 were as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z029c4cdc1da64589bcde7d53a3273399" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">104,185</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">204,326</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">219,178</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(167,277</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,626</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,247</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(63,092</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">212,952</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Effective Income Tax Rate</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate as shown below:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. Federal Statutory Rate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21.0</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21.0</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30.4</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cost (Benefit) of Higher (Lower) Taxes on Non-U.S. Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State Income Taxes, net of U.S. Federal Tax Benefit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Tax (Benefit) from U.S. Tax Act</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tax Credits and Related Benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill and intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(42.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effective Income Tax Rate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(17.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SummaryOfIncomeTaxContingenciesTextBlock', window );">Unrecognized Tax Benefits</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other Long-Term Liabilities line item on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zede6ece0a1b84b108ad1c581229f7371" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additions for Current Year Tax Positions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">694</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,473</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additions for Prior Year Tax Positions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">414</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reductions for Prior Year Tax Positions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(655</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(578</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign Translation Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(42</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Payments and Settlements</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(56</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(136</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reductions for Lapse of Statute of Limitations</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,433</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(305</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,194</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We believe that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at April 30 were as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1774001a905a4ee2837f70c9ad2f0b80" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Operating Losses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17,966</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">14,491</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reserve for Sales Returns and Doubtful Accounts</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,638</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,923</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued Employee Compensation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20,114</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17,528</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign and Federal Credits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">31,487</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">34,401</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Accrued Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,827</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,262</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retirement and Post-Employment Benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(744</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unremitted Foreign Earnings</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,985</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible and Fixed Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(226,898</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(209,009</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(229,627</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Deferred Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(110,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(134,548</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Reported As</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,790</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,227</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred&#160;Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Deferred Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(110,337</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(134,548</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32840-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SummaryOfIncomeTaxContingenciesTextBlock</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6924239792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember', window );">Allowance for Sales Returns [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward', window );"><strong>Valuation allowances and reserves [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,542<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 24,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense', window );">Charged to expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">48,829<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,711<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">Deductions from reserves and other</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">47,729<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,569<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,383<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at end of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">19,642<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,542<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,628<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_AllowanceForCreditLossMember', window );">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward', window );"><strong>Valuation allowances and reserves [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">14,307<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,107<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense', window );">Charged to expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,470<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,279<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,439<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">Deductions from reserves and other</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,442<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,079<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,518<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at end of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">18,335<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,307<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,107<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserveMember', window );">Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward', window );"><strong>Valuation allowances and reserves [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">15,825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,193<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,096<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense', window );">Charged to expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">8,699<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,328<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,182<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">Deductions from reserves and other</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">8,457<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,696<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,085<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at end of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">16,067<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,825<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,193<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember', window );">Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward', window );"><strong>Valuation allowances and reserves [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">21,179<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,811<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense', window );">Charged to expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,108<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">51<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,511<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions', window );">Deductions from reserves and other</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance', window );">Balance at end of period</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 23,287<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,179<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,811<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Allowance for Sales Returns represents anticipated returns net of a recovery of inventory and royalty costs. The provision is reported as a reduction of gross sales to arrive at revenue and the reserve balance is reported as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net (in the year ended April 30, 2018) with a corresponding increase in Inventories, net and a reduction in Accrued Royalties for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Due to the adoption of the revenue standard, the sales return reserve as of April 30, 2020 and 2019 is recorded in Contract Liabilities. In prior periods, it was recorded as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net. See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Deductions From Reserves and Other for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 include foreign exchange translation adjustments. Included in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts are accounts written off, less recoveries. Included in Allowance for Inventory Obsolescence are items removed from inventory. Included in Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets for the year ended April 30, 2019 are foreign tax credits generated and valuation allowances needed in connection with the Tax Act.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column B))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column E))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves from charge to cost and expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column C)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesChargedToCostAndExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in valuation and qualifying accounts and reserves.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09(Column D))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesDeductions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_AllowanceForCreditLossMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_AllowanceForCreditLossMember</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserveMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserveMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis=us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceOfDeferredTaxAssetsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6911945648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges, Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program Liability (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th" colspan="2">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,666<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,193)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,411)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,062<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Accrued Employment Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Other Long-Term Liabilities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Severance and Termination Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,864<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,193)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(39)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,632<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,802<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,372)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">430<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(421)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,370)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,270)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(83)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,590<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Severance and Termination Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,887<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(250)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,238)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(39)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,360<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Consulting and Contract Termination Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="num">(171)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(132)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward', window );"><strong>Activity for Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,544<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges', window );">Charges (Credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard', window );">Adoption of new lease standard</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,270)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment', window );">Foreign translation &amp; other adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(44)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring liability, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards,&#8221; and Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impact of adoption new lease standard associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringReserveAdoptionOfNewStandard</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash payments made as the result of exit or disposal activities. Excludes payments associated with a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses associated with exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140864-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCharges</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount (including both current and noncurrent portions of the accrual) as of the balance sheet date pertaining to a specified type of cost associated with exit from or disposal of business activities or restructuring pursuant to a duly authorized plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.P.4(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the restructuring reserve related to foreign currency translation (gain) loss and other increases (decreases).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.P.4(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveTranslationAndOtherAdjustment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_OtherNoncurrentLiabilitiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeSeveranceMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_OtherRestructuringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_OtherRestructuringMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveAxis=us-gaap_ContractTerminationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6902946560">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Details) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic', window );">Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,224,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,240,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,181,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock', window );">Less: Unvested restricted shares (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(48,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(138,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Shares used for basic (loss) earnings per share (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,209,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,192,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,043,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements', window );">Dilutive effect of stock options and other stock awards</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">648,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">845,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Shares used for diluted (loss) earnings per share (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,209,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,840,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,888,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Stock Options [Member] | Common Stock Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,064<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">260,984<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">244,590<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember', window );">Warrants [Member] | Common Stock Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">523,529<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">242,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding and Share Repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted EPS calculation (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">519,524<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,740<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of share based payment arrangements using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1707-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1500-109256<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1757-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents the weighted average total number of shares issued throughout the period including the first (beginning balance outstanding) and last (ending balance outstanding) day of the period before considering any reductions (for instance, shares held in treasury) to arrive at the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Weighted average relates to the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares have been issued and outstanding to the total time in that period. Such concept is used in determining the weighted average number of shares outstanding for purposes of calculating earnings per share (basic).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e2646-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesIssuedBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of restricted stock determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that restricted shares have been outstanding to the total time in that period. Restricted shares are subject to sales, contractual, regulatory or other restrictions that prevent or inhibit the holder from freely disposing of them before the restriction ends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121326447&amp;loc=d3e2646-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesRestrictedStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6904764784">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information, Other Significant Reconciling Items by Segment (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets', window );">Expenditures for long lived assets</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (115,201)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (101,593)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (150,728)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">175,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">153,989<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">163,433<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,132<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">140,191<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets', window );">Expenditures for long lived assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(16,329)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,928)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(24,961)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">69,495<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">60,889<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54,805<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Academic &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets', window );">Expenditures for long lived assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(38,229)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,337)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(43,625)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">69,807<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">68,126<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,274<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets', window );">Expenditures for long lived assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(613)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,160)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,991)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,117<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,112<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets', window );">Expenditures for long lived assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(60,030)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(53,168)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(76,151)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,798<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for purchases of and capital improvements on property, plant and equipment (capital expenditures), software, and other intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6931739216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th" colspan="2">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="nump">$ 1,095,666<span></span>
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<td class="nump">147,327<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment</a></td>
<td class="num">(110,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(16,203)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,116,790<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing and Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">438,511<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">19,356<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,737)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">448,130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Academic and Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">458,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">45,410<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,464)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">501,091<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillRollForward', window );"><strong>Goodwill [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">199,010<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod', window );">Acquisitions</a></td>
<td class="nump">82,561<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment</a></td>
<td class="num">(110,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,002)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 167,569<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized resulting from a business combination.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) an asset representing future economic benefits from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from the write-down of an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6911550720">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationAndRetirementDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Retirement Plans [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Retirement Plans</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 17 &#8211; Retirement Plans</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have retirement plans that cover substantially all employees. The plans generally provide for employee retirement between the ages 60 and 65, and benefits based on length of service and compensation, as defined.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Board of Directors approved plan amendments that froze the following retirement plans:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z4ad8fb9550a8401781f7ade871c9b8e1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Canada was frozen effective December 31, 2015;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z49aec3e633f44e458348461fb8350ee5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd., a U.K. plan was frozen effective April 30, 2015 and;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z18bca6b3cd9f4c3ba36140cec45dea84" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. Employees&#8217; Retirement Plan, Supplemental Benefit Plan, and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, were frozen effective June 30, 2013.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We maintain the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan for certain officers and senior management which provides for the payment of supplemental retirement benefits after the termination of employment for 10 years or in a lifetime annuity. Under certain circumstances, including a change of control as defined, the payment of such amounts could be accelerated on a present value basis. Future accrued benefits to this plan have been discontinued as noted above.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The components of net pension (income) expense for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z626e0d1c82a4492db4e1998b65c695ae" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Service Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,851</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">912</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">960</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,247</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,652</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,704</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,943</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,876</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Expected Return on Plan Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(14,038</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(26,116</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,472</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(25,551</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,154</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(26,385</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Amortization of Prior Service Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(154</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">73</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In the year ended April 30, 2020, there was a settlement charge of $</span>0.3<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million related to the </span>Retirement Plan for the Employees of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Canada which<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> is reflected in Restructuring and Related Charges </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The service cost component of net pension (income) expense is reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. The other components of net benefit costs are reported separately from the service cost component and below Operating (Loss) Income. Such amounts are reflected in Interest and Other Income on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for the retirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $853.3 million, $816.5 million and $659.4 million, respectively, as of April 30, 2020, and $794.2 million, $762.8 million, and $621.9 million, respectively, as of April 30, 2019.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Recognized Net Actuarial Loss for each fiscal year is calculated using the &#8220;corridor method,&#8221; which reflects the amortization of the net loss at the beginning of the fiscal year in excess of 10% of the greater of the market value of plan assets or the projected benefit obligation. The amortization period is based on the average expected life of plan participants for plans with all or almost all inactive participants and frozen plans, and on the average remaining working lifetime of active plan participants for all other plans.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of defined benefit postretirement plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.&#160;The change in the funded status of the plan is recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Plan assets and obligations are measured at fair value as of our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position date.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the next fiscal year are as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb1800c5032ca420bbdc2399e4c706d9b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Actuarial Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,323</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,989</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Prior Service Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(154</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">55</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(99</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,512</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,378</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,890</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table sets forth the changes in and the status of our defined benefit plans&#8217; assets and benefit obligations:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8e80b3ad35f347e19365e5d9f678fd63" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"> U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefits Paid</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefit Obligation, End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Underfunded Status, End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Pension Liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,990</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,188</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(816</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent Pension Liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(100,031</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(87,938</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(66,381</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(99,950</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(105,021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(88,823</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(71,569</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(100,766</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(129,315</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(182,454</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(91,620</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(178,311</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive&#160;Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(37,695</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,143</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11,546</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,446</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discount Rate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rate of Compensation Increase</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated Benefit Obligations</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(318,967</div></td>
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  </tr>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pension plan assets/investments:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The investment guidelines for the defined benefit pension plans are established based upon an evaluation of market conditions, plan liabilities, cash requirements for benefit payments, and tolerance for risk.&#160;Investment guidelines include the use of actively and passively managed securities. The investment objective is to ensure that funds are available to meet the plans benefit obligations when they are due. The investment strategy is to invest in high quality and diversified equity and debt securities to achieve our long-term expectation. The plans&#8217; risk management practices provide guidance to the investment managers, including guidelines for asset concentration, credit rating and liquidity.&#160;Asset allocation favors a balanced portfolio, with a global aggregated target allocation of approximately 45% equity securities and 55% fixed income securities and cash.&#160; Due to volatility in the market, the target allocation is not always desirable and asset allocations will fluctuate between acceptable ranges of plus or minus 5%. We regularly review the investment allocations and periodically rebalance investments to the target allocations. We categorize our pension assets into three levels based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. The three levels are defined as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td style="width: 18pt;"/>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zd57a33338c0143be88f4aa786c78cb9a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt;"/>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Level 2: Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1.&#160;For example, quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets in inactive markets.</div></td>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7016c2d1900d4266af7d3fc6e12267f0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
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    <td style="width: 18pt;"/>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 8pt;">&#9679;</td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting assumptions about the inputs used in pricing the asset.</div></td>
  </tr>
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<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We did not maintain any level 3 assets during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019. In accordance with ASU 2015-07, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (&#8220;Topic 820&#8221;), certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (&#8220;NAV&#8221;) per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient do not have to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. We adopted ASU 2015-07 in the year ended April 30, 2018 and it was applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The fair value amounts presented in the following tables are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented for the total pension benefit plan assets.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfadca03d14994e72a82306455f271ad7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Level 1</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Investments measured at NAV:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">110,965</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">109,490</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other: Real Estate Commingled Trust Fund</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">405,998</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Expected employer contributions to the defined benefit pension plans in the year ended April 30, </span>2021<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> will be approximately $</span>16.9<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, including $</span>11.8<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million of minimum amounts required for our non-U.S. plans. From time to time, we may elect to make voluntary contributions to our defined benefit plans to improve their funded status. Included </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">in our defined benefit pension contributions for the year ended April 30, 2019 was a discretionary contribution of $</span>10.0<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million to the </span>U.S. Employees' Retirement Plan of John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb2d679663494465e9ff8dc0457ba9528" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Fiscal Year</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.44%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2021</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,581</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,733</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,314</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,205</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,743</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25,948</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,533</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,065</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,598</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,713</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,691</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">27,404</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2025</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,363</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,439</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,802</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2026 &#8211; 2030</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">77,026</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">71,836</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">148,862</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">155,421</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">128,507</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">283,928</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Retiree Health Benefits</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We provide contributory life insurance and health care benefits, subject to certain dollar limitations, for substantially all of our eligible retired U.S. employees. The retiree health benefit is no longer available for any employee who retires after December 31, 2017. The cost of such benefits is expensed over the years the employee renders service and is not funded in advance. The accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, was $1.4 and $1.6 million, respectively. Annual (credits) for these plans for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $(0.1) million, $(0.1) million and $(0.1) million, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Defined Contribution Savings Plans</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have defined contribution savings plans. Our contribution is based on employee contributions and the level of our match. We may make discretionary contributions to all employees as a group. The expense recorded for these plans was approximately $19.0 million, $13.1 million, and $14.4 million in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 respectively.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=21916913&amp;loc=d3e273930-122802<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (o)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (p)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 70<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=49170846&amp;loc=d3e28014-114942<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2235017<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6414203&amp;loc=d3e39689-114964<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(03)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (q)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (r)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (l)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (r)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred (Benefit) Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. &#8211; Federal</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8,476</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">335</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(26,062</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15,022</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7,630</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,420</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State and Local</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,118</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,454</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">530</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred (Benefit) Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(27,616</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12,749</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(23,112</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Provision</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,195</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,689</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,745</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International and United States pretax (loss) income for the years ended April 30 were as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z029c4cdc1da64589bcde7d53a3273399" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">International</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">104,185</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">204,326</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">219,178</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(167,277</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,626</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,247</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(63,092</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">212,952</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our effective income tax rate as a percentage of pretax income differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate as shown below:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">U.S. Federal Statutory Rate</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.9</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8.4</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">State Income Taxes, net of U.S. Federal Tax Benefit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Tax (Benefit) from U.S. Tax Act</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Tax Credits and Related Benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(0.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1.7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill and intangibles</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(42.3</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3.4</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Effective Income Tax Rate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(17.7</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21.0</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10.2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our loss for the year ended April 30, 2020, was due to<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> the impairment of goodwill and intangibles for which we received a relatively small tax benefit, resulting in an overall negative effective income tax rate of </span>(17.7)%<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. Excluding the tax cost from such impairment, our effective income tax rate benefit was </span>24.6%<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">. Our income was earned outside the U.S. in jurisdictions with different statutory income tax rates than our U.S. statutory rate, at an average effective rate that is less than our combined U.S. Federal and State tax rate.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The effective tax rate for the year ended April 30, 2020 was less than the year ended April 30, 2019 due to the impairment charges with respect to which we obtained a relatively small tax benefit. Excluding the effect of the impairment charges the tax benefit rate was 24.6% for the year ended April 30, 2020, compared to a 21.0% expense for the year ended April 30, 2019, primarily due to lower taxes on income outside the U.S. as well as increased tax credits and related benefits.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Other:</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span>For the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, we recorded a tax benefit of $</span>1.4<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million and $</span>0.3<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, respectively related to the expiration of the statute of limitations or favorable resolutions of federal, state, and foreign tax matters with tax authorities.&#160;</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The CARES Act</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-right: 5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On March 27, 2020, the U.S. government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the &#8220;CARES Act&#8221;). The CARES Act includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferral of the employer portion of certain payroll taxes, net operating loss carrybacks, modifications to net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on our income tax expense for the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">The Tax Act</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation (&#8220;Tax Act&#8221;). The Tax Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax system. We recorded a significant nonrecurring benefit from the Tax Act during the year ended April 30, 2018.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes:</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits were $6.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively, of which $0.6 million and $0.7 million represented accruals for interest and penalties recorded as additional tax expense in accordance with our accounting policy. Within the income tax provision for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded net interest expense on reserves for unrecognized and recognized tax benefits of $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively. As of April 30, 2020, and April 30, 2019, the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that would reduce our income tax provision, if recognized, were approximately $6.2 million and $7.7 million, respectively. We do not expect any significant changes to the unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits included within the Other Long-Term Liabilities line item on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position follows:</div>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zede6ece0a1b84b108ad1c581229f7371" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additions for Current Year Tax Positions</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Additions for Prior Year Tax Positions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reductions for Prior Year Tax Positions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(655</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(578</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign Translation Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(42</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Payments and Settlements</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(56</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(136</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reductions for Lapse of Statute of Limitations</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,433</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(305</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Tax Audits:</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We file income tax returns in the U.S. and various states and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions. Our major taxing jurisdictions are the United States, United Kingdom and Germany. Except for one immaterial item, we are no longer subject to income tax examinations for years prior to fiscal year 2014 in the major jurisdictions in which we are subject to tax. We received tax audit notices for our German entities for the audit period fiscal years 2014-2017. The audit process has been delayed due to COVID-19.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Our last completed U.S. federal tax audit of our fiscal years 2011 through 2013 resulted in minimal adjustments related to temporary differences.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Deferred Taxes:</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred taxes result from temporary differences in the recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial reporting purposes.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We believe that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets. The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at April 30 were as follows:</div>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z1774001a905a4ee2837f70c9ad2f0b80" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Operating Losses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">14,491</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reserve for Sales Returns and Doubtful Accounts</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,638</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,923</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accrued Employee Compensation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred Tax Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Unremitted Foreign Earnings</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible and Fixed Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Deferred Tax Liabilities</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Deferred Tax Liabilities</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Reported As</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The decrease in net deferred tax liabilities is due to the non-cash impairment charge of our Blackwell trademark.&#160;This was partially offset by deferred tax liabilities relating to non-goodwill intangibles acquired in our various acquisitions as well as the amortization of our deferred tax liabilities related to non-goodwill intangibles, primarily from prior acquisitions.&#160;Our increase in deferred tax assets is primarily attributable to an increase in our accrued expenses and net operating losses, partially offset by a decrease in our foreign and federal credits. We have concluded that after valuation allowances, it is more likely than not that we will realize substantially all of the net deferred tax assets at April 30, 2020. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we take into account related deferred tax liabilities and estimated future reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable earnings and tax planning strategies to determine which deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized in the future. Changes to tax laws, statutory tax rates and future taxable earnings can have an impact on our valuation allowances.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A $23.3 million valuation allowance has been provided based primarily on the uncertainty of utilizing the tax benefits related to our deferred tax assets for foreign tax credits and state credits and net operating loss carry losses. As of April 30, 2020, we have apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards totaling $102.0 million, with a tax effected value of $6.0 million net of federal benefits, expiring in various amounts over 1 to 20 years. Our tax credits expire in various amounts over 6-20 years.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since April 30, 2018, we no longer intend to permanently reinvest earnings outside the U.S. We have a $2.0 million liability related to the estimated taxes that would be incurred upon repatriating certain non-U.S. earnings.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937368800">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories, net consisted of the following at April 30:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Inventories Before Estimated Sales Returns and LIFO Reserve</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6753067360">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Operating Leases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">ROU Assets and Liabilities</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">142,716</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease liabilities, non-current</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">159,782</div></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock', window );">Total Net Lease Costs</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total net lease costs are as follows:</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Year Ended</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease cost <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Variable lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,856</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short-term lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">86</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sublease income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total net lease cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1)</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease cost does not include those costs included in Restructuring and Related Charges on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See&#160; Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more information on these programs.&#160;</div></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_LesseeOperatingLeaseOtherSupplementalInformationTableTextBlock', window );">Other Supplemental Information</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other supplemental information includes the following:</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating cash flows from operating leases</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,243</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z788defd5cfdf4e6a868acb66d697dfa0" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Operating Lease</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">27,338</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,659</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">23,215</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2025</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">22,004</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thereafter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">113,848</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">243,367</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Imputed interest</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">61,775</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">181,592</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 14.4pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Less: Current portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent portion</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">159,782</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRentExpenseTableTextBlock', window );">Net Rent Expense for Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following schedule shows the composition of net rent expense for operating leases:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfbfdfca1e51744ea969db0685a4b929a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of other supplemental information related to operating leases of lessee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of information relating to lessee's right-of-use assets and liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of lessee's lease cost. Includes, but is not limited to, interest expense for finance lease, amortization of right-of-use asset for finance lease, operating lease cost, short-term lease cost, variable lease cost and sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeasesAbstract</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of undiscounted cash flows of lessee's operating lease liability. Includes, but is not limited to, reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to operating lease liability recognized in statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of rental expense from operating leases for each period for which an income statement is presented with separate amounts for minimum rentals, contingent rentals, and sublease rentals.  Rental payments under leases with terms of a month or less that were not renewed need not be included.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121573735&amp;loc=d3e41499-112717<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6932615712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,248,291<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,152,088<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(559,381)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(503,648)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated Impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,841)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">686,069<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">648,440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets with indefinite lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">214,443<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">220,732<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(93,107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,600)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">121,336<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">217,132<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwill', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,462,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,372,820<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(95,948)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,600)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Total Intangible Assets, Net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">807,405<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">865,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">110,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">65,570<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo', window );">2022</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,748<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">53,796<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,554<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,364<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive', window );">Thereafter</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">410,037<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">686,069<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">648,440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember', window );">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets with indefinite lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">130,107<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">134,509<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(93,107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,600)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">130,909<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets with indefinite lives [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">84,336<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,223<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">84,336<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,223<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_BrandsMember', window );">Brands [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill', window );">Impairment charges (BW in FY20)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">89,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure', window );">Fair value of intangible assets (BW in FY20)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember', window );">Developed Technology Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract', window );"><strong>Intangible assets (excluding goodwill) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill', window );">Impairment charges (BW in FY20)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">806,862<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">806,628<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(444,756)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(417,456)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated Impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">362,106<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">389,172<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">362,106<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">389,172<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember', window );">Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">377,652<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">310,977<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(87,234)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(65,147)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated Impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">290,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">245,830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">290,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">245,830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember', window );">Developed Technology Rights [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,273)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated Impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,841)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember', window );">Brands and Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,802<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(22,689)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19,809)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated Impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,188<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,993<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,188<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,993<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember', window );">Covenants Not to Compete [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,675<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,681<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,429)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,236)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss', window );">Accumulated Impairment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">246<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">445<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 246<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 445<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_BrandsMember', window );">Brands [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated impairment loss for an asset lacking physical substance and having a projected finite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets, net of accumulated impairment, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillNetOfAccumulatedImpairment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated impairment loss for an asset lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated impairment loss for an asset lacking physical substance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IntangibleAssetsImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of finite-lived intangible assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated amount of amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for asset, excluding financial asset and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized after fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseAfterYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseNextTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in fourth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in third fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with finite life expected to be recognized in second fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 928<br> -SubTopic 340<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473545&amp;loc=d3e61844-108004<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120154696&amp;loc=d3e54445-107959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from the write-down of an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13854-109267<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556970&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13777-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impairment loss resulting from write-down of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit to fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16373-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsIndefinitelivedExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance and having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value portion of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, that lack physical substance, having a projected indefinite period of benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117815213&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillFairValueDisclosure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated amortization of intangible assets, excluding goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsGrossExcludingGoodwillAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_BrandsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_BrandsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6910534576">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventory, Net [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods', window );">Finished Goods</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,014<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 33,736<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess', window );">Work-in-Process</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,398<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,094<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials', window );">Paper and Other Materials</a></td>
<td class="nump">331<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">373<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross', window );">Total Inventories Before Estimated Sales Returns and LIFO Reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,203<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns', window );">Inventory Value of Estimated Sales Returns</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,739<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve', window );">LIFO Reserve</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,815)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,360)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Total Inventories</a></td>
<td class="nump">43,614<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,582<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves', window );">Inventory obsolescence reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of inventory reserves for estimated sales returns.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_InventoryReserveForEstimatedSalesReturns</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of completed merchandise or goods expected to be sold within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount, as of the balance sheet date, of merchandise, goods, commodities, or supplies held for future sale or to be used in manufacturing, servicing or production process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which inventory stated at last-in first-out (LIFO) is less than (in excess of) inventory stated at other inventory cost methods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(c))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryLIFOReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNetAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of raw materials expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of valuation reserve for inventory.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.BB)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27011343&amp;loc=d3e100047-122729<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-09)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e24092-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of merchandise or goods in the production process expected to be completed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6808612912">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,190,557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,003,137<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(71,549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(68,835)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,399<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,790<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(323)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(66,759)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(69,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,707<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">933,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,190,557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember', window );">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(507,287)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(575,497)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember', window );">Foreign Currency Translation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(312,107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(251,573)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(319,212)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,596)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,534)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,639<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,596)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,534)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,639<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(340,703)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(312,107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(251,573)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetUnamortizedGainLossMember', window );">Unamortized Retirement Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(196,057)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(191,026)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(190,502)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(36,965)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,422)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,979)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,102<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,391<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,455<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(31,863)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,031)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(524)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(227,920)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(196,057)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(191,026)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedGainLossNetCashFlowHedgeParentMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward', window );"><strong>AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">(574)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,427<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,988)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,121<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,739<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent', window );">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(312)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,714)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,147)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,593)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">592<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (6,874)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (574)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AOCIAttributableToParentNetOfTaxRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments, of other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121640130&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OciBeforeReclassificationsNetOfTaxAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121640130&amp;loc=d3e1436-108581<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReclassificationFromAociCurrentPeriodNetOfTaxAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6935027504">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information, Revenues from External Customers and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="8">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 467,100<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 466,200<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 491,200<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 449,400<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 448,600<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,831,483<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,800,069<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,796,103<span></span>
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<td class="nump">298,005<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,021<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">298,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,934<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | United States [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">944,075<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">932,927<span></span>
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<td class="nump">913,852<span></span>
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<td class="nump">261,296<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">252,459<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">261,296<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">252,459<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">249,542<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | United Kingdom [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">174,567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">150,242<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,406<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,076<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,331<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,076<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,331<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,955<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | Germany [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">113,664<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">97,505<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">98,404<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,059<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,423<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,059<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,423<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,259<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | Japan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75,104<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">77,145<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">81,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">112<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">87<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">112<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">87<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | Australia [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,718<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">77,453<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">78,270<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,454<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | China [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,870<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,024<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">53,076<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">492<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">492<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">229<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | Canada [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,370<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,882<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">55,568<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,659<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,659<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,635<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | France [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">45,033<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">51,441<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">51,826<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,358<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">403<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,358<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">403<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">635<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | Scandinavia [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,682<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,971<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31,695<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">223<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">229<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">229<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">309<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember', window );">Reportable Geographical Components [Member] | Other Countries [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">260,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">276,479<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">284,434<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,604<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,302<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,604<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,302<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,844<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9031-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9038-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9054-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 924<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.L)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6472922&amp;loc=d3e499488-122856<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=srt_ReportableGeographicalComponentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_DE">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_DE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_JP">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_JP</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_AU">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_AU</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_CN">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_CN</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_CA">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_CA</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_FR">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_FR</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=jwa_ScandinaviaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=jwa_ScandinaviaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6929671024">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability (Deferred Revenue) Balances (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityAbstract', window );"><strong>Balances from contracts with customers [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 309,384<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 306,631<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">520,214<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">519,129<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Contract liabilities (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">14,949<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,722<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Increase/(decrease) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,753<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent', window );">Contract liabilities (included in Other Long-Term Liabilities)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">4,227<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent', window );">Sales return reserve recorded in contract liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 32,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liabilities is $32.8 million and $25.9 million as of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, excluding foreign exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityIncludingForeignExchange</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services non current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiabilityNonCurrent</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration from customer for product sold and service rendered in normal course of business, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121593590&amp;loc=d3e4428-111522<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121593590&amp;loc=d3e4531-111522<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556615&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556615&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556615&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556615&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability for consideration received or receivable from customer which is not included in transaction price, when consideration is expected to be refunded to customer, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 27<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121551570&amp;loc=SL49130611-203046-203046<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerRefundLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>54
<FILENAME>R53.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6910261408">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Cost of sales</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 591,024<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 554,722<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 531,024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">997,355<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">963,582<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">953,222<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract', window );"><strong>Book Overdrafts [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BankOverdrafts', window );">Book overdrafts</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract', window );"><strong>Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract', window );"><strong>Sales Return Reserves [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded', window );">Increase in Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,642)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,542)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventories [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount', window );">LIFO inventories</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Advertising Expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense', window );">Advertising costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">103,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">89,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">68,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember', window );">Shipping and Handling [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Cost of sales</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember', window );">Cost of Sales [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Advertising Expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense', window );">Advertising costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">65,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">53,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,300<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember', window );">Operating and Admin Expenses [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Advertising Expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense', window );">Advertising costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 30,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_InventoriesMember', window );">Inventories, Net [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract', window );"><strong>Sales Return Reserves [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded', window );">Increase in Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,739<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember', window );">Accrued Royalties [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract', window );"><strong>Sales Return Reserves [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded', window );">Increase in Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,441)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,653)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember', window );">Contract Liabilities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract', window );"><strong>Sales Return Reserves [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded', window );">Increase in Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 32,769<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,934<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Computer Software [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Computer Software [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember', window );">Computer Hardware [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember', window );">Computer Hardware [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember', window );">Building and Leasehold Improvements [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">40 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember', window );">Furniture, Fixtures and Warehouse Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember', window );">Furniture, Fixtures and Warehouse Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_EnterpriseResourcePlanningAndRelatedSystemsMember', window );">Enterprise Resource Planning and Related Systems [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember', window );">Book Composition Costs [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember', window );">Book Composition Costs [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_OtherProductDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Other Product Development Costs [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">6 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareDevelopmentMember', window );">Software Development [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareDevelopmentMember', window );">Software Development [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_ArtisticRelatedIntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Content and Publishing Rights [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">34 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember', window );">Trademarks [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">13 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember', window );">Customer Relationships [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">16 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TradeNamesMember', window );">Brands [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">13 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember', window );">Developed Technology [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_NoncompeteAgreementsMember', window );">Non-compete Agreements [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract', window );"><strong>Finite Lived Intangible Asset Useful Life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember', window );">Performance-based Stock Awards [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults', window );">Target period for stock-based compensation expense in advance of actual financial results</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsRestatementByRestatementPeriodAndAmountAxis=jwa_CorrectionInPresentationOfCertainConsiderationReceivedForServicesNotYetPerformedMember', window );">Correction in Presentation of Certain Consideration Received for Services Not Yet Performed [Member] | Revision of Prior Period, Adjustment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract', window );"><strong>Prior Period Adjustments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss', window );">Increase in accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability', window );">Increase in contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_BookOverdraftsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Increase (Decrease) in amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration in exchange for good or service transferred to customer when right is conditioned on something other than passage of time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInAssetAfterAllowanceForCreditLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ContractWithCustomerIncreaseDecreaseInLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLifeAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from sales return reserves recorded.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInNetAssetsResultingFromSalesReturnReservesRecorded</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLifeAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_SalesReturnReservesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period for targets established for share based compensation expense in advance of actual financial results, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetPeriodForShareBasedCompensationExpenseInAdvanceOfActualFinancialResults</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount charged to advertising expense for the period, which are expenses incurred with the objective of increasing revenue for a specified brand, product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 720<br> -SubTopic 35<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420018&amp;loc=d3e36677-107848<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121611835&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121599878&amp;loc=SL82895884-210446<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BankOverdrafts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of payments made in excess of existing cash balances, which will be honored by the bank but reflected as a loan to the entity. Overdrafts generally have a very short time frame for correction or repayment and are therefore more similar to short-term bank financing than trade financing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99376301&amp;loc=d3e1243-112600<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BankOverdrafts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 924<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.L)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6472922&amp;loc=d3e499488-122856<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2(a),(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of finite-lived intangible assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of LIFO (last in first out) inventory present at the reporting date when inventory is also valued using different valuation methods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361739&amp;loc=d3e7789-107766<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LIFOInventoryAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LIFOMethodRelatedItemsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MarketingAndAdvertisingExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of long lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Examples include, but not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_InventoriesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=us-gaap_InventoriesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_RoyaltiesPayableMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationAxis=jwa_ContractLiabilityDeferredRevenueMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6919427072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan [Member] - Class A Common Stock [Member]<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
</tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">3,501,116<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares authorized for issuance under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The difference between the maximum number of shares (or other type of equity) authorized for issuance under the plan (including the effects of amendments and adjustments), and the sum of: 1) the number of shares (or other type of equity) already issued upon exercise of options or other equity-based awards under the plan; and 2) shares (or other type of equity) reserved for issuance on granting of outstanding awards, net of cancellations and forfeitures, if applicable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_KeyEmployeeStockPlan2014Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>56
<FILENAME>R70.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6930249264">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract', window );"><strong>ROU Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 142,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">21,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities, non-current</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">159,782<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset', window );">Increase (decrease) in right of use assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">22,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability', window );">Increase (decrease) in operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">24,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract', window );"><strong>Net Lease Costs [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating lease cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">26,027<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost', window );">Variable lease cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,856<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost', window );">Short-term lease cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">86<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome', window );">Sublease income</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(691)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost', window );">Total net lease cost</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 29,278<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Supplemental Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Weighted-average remaining contractual lease term, operating leases</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Weighted-average discount rate, operating leases</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">5.89%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashFlowOperatingActivitiesLesseeAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments', window );">Operating cash flows from operating leases</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,243<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Undiscounted Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">32,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo', window );">2022</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">27,338<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree', window );">2023</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">24,659<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">23,215<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">22,004<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive', window );">Thereafter</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">113,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue', window );">Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">243,367<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount', window );">Less: Imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">61,775<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">181,592<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Less: Current portion</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">21,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent portion</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 159,782<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Composition of rent expense [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals', window );">Minimum Rental</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 31,451<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1', window );">Less: Sublease Rentals</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(719)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(708)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 30,743<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Operating lease cost does not include those costs included in Restructuring and Related Charges on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. See&#160; Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; for more information on these programs.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of lease liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of right of use assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OperatingLeaseIncreaseDecreaseInRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashFlowOperatingActivitiesLesseeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashFlowOperatingActivitiesLesseeAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lease cost recognized by lessee for lease contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCostAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseDescriptionAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease due after fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease to be paid in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease to be paid in fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease to be paid in fourth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease to be paid in third fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease to be paid in second fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918701-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilitiesPaymentsDueAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918643-209977<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents the payments that the lessee is obligated to make or can be required to make in connection with a property under the terms of an agreement classified as an operating lease, excluding contingent rentals and a guarantee by the lessee of the lessor's debt and the lessee's obligation to pay (apart from the rental payments) executory costs such as insurance, maintenance, and taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121595440&amp;loc=d3e34039-112682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Subparagraph (Note 3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121580752&amp;loc=d3e38371-112697<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121573735&amp;loc=d3e41499-112717<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseMinimumRentals</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Rental expense for the reporting period incurred under operating leases, including minimum and any contingent rent expense, net of related sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121573735&amp;loc=d3e41499-112717<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of sublease rental income recognized during the period that reduces the entity's rent expense incurred under operating leases.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Subparagraph (Note 3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121580752&amp;loc=d3e38371-112697<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseSubleaseRentals1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of short-term lease cost, excluding expense for lease with term of one month or less.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of sublease income excluding finance and operating lease expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubleaseIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of variable lease cost, excluded from lease liability, recognized when obligation for payment is incurred for finance and operating leases.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121609121&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121568110&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>57
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937349440">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans, Recent Plan Curtailments (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans', window );">Employee retirement age limit under retirement plans</a></td>
<td class="text">60 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans', window );">Employee retirement age limit under retirement plans</a></td>
<td class="text">65 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis=us-gaap_SupplementalEmployeeRetirementPlanDefinedBenefitMember', window );">Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits', window );">Term of supplemental retirement benefits</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the employee retirement age limit under retirement plans based on length of service and compensation, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_EmployeeRetirementAgeLimitUnderRetirementPlans</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The period of time subsequent to termination of employment during which the company provides for the payment of supplemental retirement benefits for certain officers and senior management, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_TermOfSupplementalRetirementBenefits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis=us-gaap_SupplementalEmployeeRetirementPlanDefinedBenefitMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis=us-gaap_SupplementalEmployeeRetirementPlanDefinedBenefitMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>58
<FILENAME>R84.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6920929584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation, Director Stock Awards (Details) - Director Stock Plan [Member] - Class A Common Stock [Member] - Non-Employee Directors [Member] - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualShareBasedPaymentsLineItems', window );"><strong>Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AnnualAwardValue', window );">Value of annual award as percentage of annual director retainer fee based on stock price on date of grant</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualSharesIssued', window );">Shares awarded under the plan (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,048<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,991<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AnnualAwardValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The value of the annual award of Class A Common Stock received by each non-employee director as a percentage of the annual director fee, based on the stock price on the date of grant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AnnualAwardValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualShareBasedPaymentsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualShareBasedPaymentsLineItems</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued pursuant to the terms of a deferred compensation arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (l)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredCompensationArrangementWithIndividualSharesIssued</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6932054144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information, Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="8">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDAAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="rou">
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (158,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 44,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 63,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 34,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (74,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 168,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 192,186<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,959<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,121<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,274<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income taxes</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,195<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,689<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,745<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">175,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">153,989<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_EarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Non-GAAP EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">136,994<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">390,228<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">381,194<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment', window );">Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">202,348<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,600<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,607<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,566<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,773)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,819<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome', window );">Interest and other income</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,381)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,100)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,563)<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 355,795<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 388,262<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 417,616<span></span>
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<tr><td colspan="12"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="12"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjusted earnings before interest taxes depreciation and amortization (EBITDA).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDAAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121605123&amp;loc=d3e30226-110892<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120253306&amp;loc=d3e28228-110885<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total loss recognized during the period from the impairment of goodwill plus the loss recognized in the period resulting from the impairment of the carrying amount of intangible assets, other than goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32672-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22663-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120385591&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22658-107794<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of interest income and other income recognized during the period. Included in this element is interest derived from investments in debt securities, cash and cash equivalents, and other investments which reflect the time value of money or transactions in which the payments are for the use or forbearance of money and other income from ancillary business-related activities (that is, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 4: 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6932323712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans, Pension Plan Assets/Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInformationAboutPlanAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Pension plan assets/investments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate', window );">Acceptable ranges within which asset allocations will fluctuate</a></td>
<td class="nump">5.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 659,426<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 621,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member', window );">Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,251<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member', window );">Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 439,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">405,998<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesMember', window );">Equity Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInformationAboutPlanAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Pension plan assets/investments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage', window );">Target allocation percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">45.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember', window );">Fixed Income Securities and Cash [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInformationAboutPlanAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Pension plan assets/investments [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage', window );">Target allocation percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">55.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 213,946<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 204,983<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member] | Investments Measured at NAV [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">213,946<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member] | Global Equity Securites: Limited Partnership [Member] | Investments Measured at NAV [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">110,965<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">109,490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member] | Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds [Member] | Investments Measured at NAV [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">102,981<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">104,138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member] | Other: Real Estate Commingled Trust Fund [Member] | Investments Measured at NAV [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">445,480<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">408,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 419,448<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,251<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">439,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">405,998<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | U.S. Equities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,842<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,652<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | U.S. Equities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | U.S. Equities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,842<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,652<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Non-U.S. Equities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">103,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">117,575<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Non-U.S. Equities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Non-U.S. Equities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">103,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">117,575<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Balanced Managed Funds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">44,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Balanced Managed Funds [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Balanced Managed Funds [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">44,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">257,565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,575<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,431<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">855<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">254,134<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">199,720<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Real Estate/Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">501<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Real Estate/Other [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Real Estate/Other [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">490<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">501<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,134<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,396<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,134<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,396<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of acceptable ranges within which asset allocations will fluctuate.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AcceptableRangesWithinWhichAssetAllocationsWillFluctuate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset segregated and restricted to provide benefit under defined benefit plan. Asset includes, but is not limited to, stock, bond, other investment, earning from investment, and contribution by employer and employee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(02)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInformationAboutPlanAssetsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of target investment allocation to total plan assets. Includes, but is not limited to, percentage on weighted-average basis if more than one plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsTargetAllocationPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=jwa_FixedIncomeSecuritiesAndCashMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasuredAtNetAssetValuePerShareMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasuredAtNetAssetValuePerShareMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUSLimitedPartnershipMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_FixedIncomeFundsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=jwa_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateCommingledTrustFundMember</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesUsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanEquitySecuritiesNonUsMember</td>
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<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=jwa_BalancedManagedFundsMember</td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanRealEstateMember</td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanByPlanAssetCategoriesAxis=us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanCashAndCashEquivalentsMember</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>61
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937442272">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Product Development Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Product Development Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsTextBlock', window );">Product Development Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 9 &#8211; Product Development Assets</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets consisted of the following at April 30:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z717c80abac1c45d0b76a258845768570" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Book Composition Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,744</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">19,197</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Software Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,995</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">38,048</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content Development Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,904</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,225</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">53,643</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">62,470</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets include $4.9 million and $4.3 million of work-in-process as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, mainly for book composition costs.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets are net of accumulated amortization of $244.1 million and $236.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. </div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The disclosure related to royalty advances and composition costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract</td>
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</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>62
<FILENAME>R15.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6922923632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 5 &#8211; Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share for the years ended April 30 follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,043</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">845</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,840</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,888</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In calculating diluted net loss per common share for the year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive.&#160;This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Since their inclusion in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive, options to purchase 286,064, 260,984 and 244,590 shares of Class A Common Stock have been excluded for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">There were 519,524, none, and 26,740 restricted shares excluded in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Warrants </span>to purchase 523,529 and 242,402 shares of Class A Common Stock have been<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> excluded in the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share for the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.</span> There were no warrants issued during the year ended April 30, 2018.</div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Description of Business<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 1 &#8211; Description of Business</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Company, founded in 1807, was incorporated in the state of New York on January 15, 1904. Throughout this report, when we refer to &#8220;Wiley,&#8221; the &#8220;Company,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221; or &#8220;us,&#8221; we are referring to John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. and all of our subsidiaries, except where the context indicates otherwise.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We are a global research and learning company. Through our <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</span> segment, we provide scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly journals, as well as related content and services, to academic, corporate, and government libraries, learned societies, and individual researchers and other professionals.&#160;The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</span> segment provides scientific, professional, and education books in print and digital formats, digital courseware, and&#160; test preparation services, to libraries, corporations, students, professionals, and researchers, as well as learning, development, and assessment services for businesses and professionals&#160; The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Education Services </span>segment provides online program management services for higher education institutions and mthree training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses. We have operations primarily located in the United States (&#8220;U.S.&#8221;), United Kingdom (&#8220;U.K.&#8221;), Germany, Russia, Sri Lanka, Canada, Jordan, and France.</div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the nature of an entity's business, major products or services, principal markets including location, and the relative importance of its operations in each business and the basis for the determination, including but not limited to, assets, revenues, or earnings. For an entity that has not commenced principal operations, disclosures about the risks and uncertainties related to the activities in which the entity is currently engaged and an understanding of what those activities are being directed toward.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e5967-108592<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2134479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NatureOfOperations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6915525904">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000107140<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--04-30<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer', window );">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers', window );">Entity Voluntary Filers</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Large Accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat', window );">Entity Public Float</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,040<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-K<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr. 30,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">FY<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentAnnualReport', window );">Document Annual Report</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport', window );">Document Transition Report</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-11507<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">13-5593032<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">111 River Street<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Hoboken<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07030<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">201<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">748-6000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=jwa_ClassACommonStockParValue100PerShareMember', window );">Common Stock Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,767,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class A Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">JW.A<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=jwa_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember', window );">Common Stock Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems', window );"><strong>Entity Listings [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,094,674<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class B Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">JW.B<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentAnnualReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 20-F, 40-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 15<br> -Subsection d-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentAnnualReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1-<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityListingsLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityListingsLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityPublicFloat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=jwa_ClassACommonStockParValue100PerShareMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=jwa_ClassACommonStockParValue100PerShareMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=jwa_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=jwa_ClassBCommonStockParValue100PerShareMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6911547632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract', window );"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (74,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 168,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 192,186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,596)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(60,534)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,639<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Unrealized retirement costs, net of tax benefit of $10,137, $1,337, and $252, respectively</a></td>
<td class="num">(31,863)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,031)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(524)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Unrealized (loss) gain on interest rate swaps, net of tax benefit (provision) of $2,114, $1,161, and $(459), respectively</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,593)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">592<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Total other comprehensive income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(66,759)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(69,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,707<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (141,046)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 99,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 259,893<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(26))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 4: 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of gain (loss) for (increase) decrease in value of benefit obligation for change in actuarial assumptions and increase (decrease) in value of plan assets from experience different from that assumed of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in accumulated gain (loss) from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges and an entity's share of an equity investee's increase (decrease) in deferred hedging gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121558989&amp;loc=d3e80720-113993<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923710400">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock', window );">Subsequent Events</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 22 &#8211; Subsequent Events</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dividend:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 25, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.3425 per share, or approximately $19.1 million, on our Class A and Class B Common Stock.&#160; The dividend is payable on July 22, 2020 to shareholders of record on July 7, 2020.</div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 855<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122774<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 855<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6842918&amp;loc=SL6314017-165662<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6912718960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member] </div>
<div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member] </div>
<div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] </div>
<div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
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<th class="th">
<div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Retained Earnings [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Retained Earnings [Member] </div>
<div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Retained Earnings [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Retained Earnings [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Treasury Stock [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Treasury Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Treasury Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Treasury Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
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<th class="th"><div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] </div>
<div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] </div>
<div>Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] </div>
<div>Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Class A [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Class B [Member]</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,096<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 387,896<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,715,423<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (676,077)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (507,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,003,137<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation Plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,646)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,968<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">312<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net Proceeds/(Payments) from Exercise of Stock Options and Other</a></td>
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<td class="nump">15,686<span></span>
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<td class="nump">13,515<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="nump">11,184<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="nump">60<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Purchase of Treasury Shares</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(39,688)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="num">(39,688)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash', window );">Common Stock Dividends</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (61,813)<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (11,729)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (61,813)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther', window );">Common Stock Class Conversions</a></td>
<td class="nump">25<span></span>
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<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">192,186<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,707<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">259,893<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">70,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,071<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">407,120<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,834,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(694,222)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(439,580)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">1,190,557<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance (New Revenue Standard [Member]) at Apr. 30, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,503<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 4,503<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation Plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="num">(8,544)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
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</td>
<td class="nump">8,826<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">285<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net Proceeds/(Payments) from Exercise of Stock Options and Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,837<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,086)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
<td class="nump">3,751<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,327<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,327<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Purchase of Treasury Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,994)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,994)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash', window );">Common Stock Dividends</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(63,684)<span></span>
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<td class="num">(12,068)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(63,684)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,068)<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther', window );">Common Stock Class Conversions</a></td>
<td class="nump">16<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="num">(16)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantIssued', window );">Issuance of Warrants Related to Acquisition of a Business</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">565<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">168,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(69,158)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">99,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Apr. 30, 2019</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,055<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">422,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,931,074<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(746,476)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Restricted Shares Issued under Stock-based Compensation Plans</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,992)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,347<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">355<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Net Proceeds/(Payments) from Exercise of Stock Options and Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">358<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,152)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,794)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based Compensation Expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Purchase of Treasury Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(46,589)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(46,589)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash', window );">Common Stock Dividends</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (64,264)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (12,394)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (64,264)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (12,394)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther', window );">Common Stock Class Conversions</a></td>
<td class="nump">39<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(39)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(74,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(66,759)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(141,046)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Apr. 30, 2020</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,166<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 431,680<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,780,129<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (785,870)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (575,497)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 933,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in additional paid in capital (APIC) resulting from the issuance of warrants. Includes allocation of proceeds of debt securities issued with detachable stock purchase warrants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109126253&amp;loc=d3e4724-112606<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400993&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(26))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120399700&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of paid and unpaid common stock dividends declared with the form of settlement in cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value, after forfeiture, of shares granted under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121321822&amp;loc=d3e3913-113898<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121323062&amp;loc=d3e15009-113911<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock related to Restricted Stock Awards issued during the period, net of the stock value of such awards forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents movements included in the statement of changes in stockholders' equity which are not separately disclosed or provided for elsewhere in the taxonomy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923644416">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#8211; increase (decrease):</div>

<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Contract liabilities</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25,934</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Print book sales return reserve net liability balance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(19,642</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(18,542</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of net sales return reserves as reflected in accounts in Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6911550720">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Activities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Activities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Derivative Instruments and Activities</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 15 &#8211; Derivative Instruments and Activities</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time-to-time, we enter into forward exchange and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160;Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Interest Rate Contracts</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, we had total debt outstanding of $775.1 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.7 million of which $775.8 million are variable rate loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated RCA, which approximated fair value.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the interest rate swap agreements we maintained were designated as fully effective cash flow hedges as defined under Accounting Standards Codification 815 &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging&#8221; ("ASC 815"). As a result, there was no impact on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income from changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps, as they were fully offset by changes in the interest expense on the underlying variable rate debt instruments. Under ASC 815, derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges have changes in their fair value recorded initially within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. As interest expense is recognized based on the variable rate loan agreements, the corresponding deferred gain or loss on the interest rate swaps is reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. It is management&#8217;s intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On February 26, 2020 we entered into two forward starting interest rate swap agreements, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.150% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a 3-year period ending March 15, 2023. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swaps was $100.0 million.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On August 7, 2019 we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.400% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a 3-year period ending August 15, 2022. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $100.0 million.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On June 24, 2019 we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on our Amended and Restated RCA. Under the terms of the agreement, we pay a fixed rate of 1.650% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which is reset every month for a 3-year period ending July 15, 2022. As of April 30, 2020, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $100.0 million.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On April 4, 2016, we entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement which fixed a portion of the variable interest due on a variable rate debt renewal on May 16, 2016. Under the terms of the agreement, which expired on May 15, 2019, we paid a fixed rate of 0.920% and receive a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR from the counterparty which was reset every month for a three-year period ending May 15, 2019.&#160; Prior to expiration, the notional amount of the interest rate swap was $350.0 million.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We record the fair value of our interest rate swaps on a recurring basis using Level 2 inputs of quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets. The fair value of the interest rate swaps as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, was a deferred loss of $8.3 million and a deferred gain of $0.5 million, respectively. Based on the maturity dates of the contracts, the entire deferred loss as of April 30, 2020 was recorded within Other Long-Term Liabilities and the entire deferred gain as of April 30, 2019 was recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The pre-tax gains that were reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Interest Expense for the years ended April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, and </span>2018<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> were $</span>0.4<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, $</span>4.7<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, and $</span>1.5<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, respectively. Based on the amount in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss at </span>April 30, 2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, approximately $</span>2.7<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million, net of tax, would be reclassified into net income in the next twelve months.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Foreign Currency Contracts</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may enter into forward exchange contracts to manage our exposure on certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities. The forward exchange contracts are marked to market through Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income and carried at their fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are remeasured at spot rates in effect on the balance sheet date, with the effects of changes in spot rates reported in Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses) on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As of April 30, </span>2020<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and </span>2019<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">, we did not maintain any open forward contracts. </span>In addition, we did not maintain any open forward contracts during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for derivative instruments and hedging activities including, but not limited to, risk management strategies, non-hedging derivative instruments, assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2229140<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6922923632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Goodwill and Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 11 &#8211; Goodwill and Intangible Assets</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Goodwill</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z008d721d430c4e30bf745512fc623dea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Acquisitions <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">438,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">19,356</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,737</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">448,130</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">458,145</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45,410</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,464</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">501,091</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">199,010</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">82,561</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(110,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,002</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">167,569</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,095,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,327</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(110,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(16,203</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,116,790</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2e95e63b06f646ff8628051e5eeb544e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Change in Segment Reporting Structure</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details. Due to this reorganization, we have reallocated goodwill as of April 30, 2019 to our reporting units using a relative fair value approach. We tested goodwill for impairment immediately before and after the reorganization, and we concluded that the fair values of the reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Annual Goodwill Impairment Test as of February 1, 2020</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of February 1, 2020, we completed our annual goodwill impairment test for our reporting units. We concluded that the fair values of our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During our annual goodwill impairment test initiated on February 1, 2020 we identified indicators that the goodwill of the Education Services business was impaired due to underperformance as compared with our acquisition case projections for revenue growth and operating cash flow. Subsequently, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we determined that our updated revenue and operating cash flow projections would be further impacted by anticipated near-term headwinds due to COVID-19, including adverse impacts on new student starts and student re-enrollment. Therefore, we updated the impairment test as of March 31, 2020 to reflect this change in circumstances. As a result, <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">we concluded that the carrying value was above the fair value which resulted in a pre-tax non-cash goodwill impairment of $</span>110.0<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Prior to performing the goodwill impairment test for Education Services, <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">we also evaluated the recoverability of long-lived assets of the reporting unit. When indicators of impairment are present, we test definite lived and long-lived assets for recoverability by comparing the carrying value of an asset group to an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. We considered the lower than expected revenue and forecasted </span>operating cash flows <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">over a sustained period of time, and downward revisions to our cash flow forecasts for this reporting unit to be indicators of impairment for their long-lived assets. Based on the results of the recoverability test, we determined that the undiscounted cash flows of the asset group of the Education Services reporting unit exceeded the carrying value. Therefore, there was no impairment.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We estimated the fair value of these reporting units using a weighting of fair values derived from an income and a market approach. Under the income approach, we determined the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Cash flow projections are based on our best estimates of forecasted&#160; economic and market conditions over the period including growth rates, expected changes in operating cash flows and cash expenditures. The discount rate used is based on a weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with the characteristics of the business and the projected cash flows. The market approach estimates fair value based on market multiples of current and forward 12-month revenue or EBITDA, as applicable, derived from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As noted above, the fair value determined as part of the annual goodwill impairment test completed in the fourth quarter of 2020 exceeded the carrying value for the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units.&#160;Therefore, there was no impairment of goodwill.&#160; However, if the fair value of the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms and Academic &amp; Professional Learning reporting units decrease in future periods, we could potentially have an impairment.&#160; For the Education Services reporting unit there was an impairment.&#160; If the Education Services reporting unit fair value decreases further in future periods, we could potentially have an additional impairment. The future occurrence of a potential indicator of impairment, such as a decrease in expected net earnings, changes in assumptions, including the impact of COVID-19, adverse equity market conditions, a decline in current market multiples, a decline in our common stock price, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climates, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, strategic decisions made in response to economic or competitive conditions, or a more-likely-than-not expectation that a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or disposed of, could require an interim assessment for some or all of the reporting units before the next required annual assessment.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Intangible Assets</div>

<div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:</div>

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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content and Publishing Rights</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">806,628</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389,172</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">377,652</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in 2020 and 2019.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z4037d32bcbb34222a954f85c02c6ee94" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fiscal Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amount</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">59,748</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50,554</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2025</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">46,364</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thereafter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">410,037</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">686,069</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Fiscal Year 2020 Impairment</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Annual Indefinite Lived Intangibles Impairment Test as of February 1, 2020</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We also review our indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, which consists of brands and trademarks and certain acquired publishing rights. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed our annual impairment test related to the indefinite lived intangible assets.&#160;We concluded that the fair values of these indefinite-lived intangible assets were above their carrying values and, therefore, there was no indication of impairment, except for the Blackwell indefinite-lived trademark.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $</span>89.5<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million for our Blackwell trademark, which was acquired in 2007 and carried as an indefinite-lived intangible asset primarily related to our Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment. </span>The impairment reflects our decision to simplify Wiley&#8217;s brand portfolio<span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> and unify our research journal content under one Wiley brand, which will sharply limit the use of the Blackwell trade name.&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">This impairment resulted in writing off substantially all of the carrying value of the intangible trademark asset. This charge is reflected in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets </span>in the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. <span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The resulting non-cash impairment charge is entirely unrelated to COVID-19 or the expected future financial performance of the </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets with Definite Lives</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">As a result of our decision to discontinue the use of certain technology offerings within the Research Publishing &amp; Platforms segment, we recorded a pre-tax non-cash impairment charge of $</span>2.8<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> million related to a certain developed technology intangible. This charge was included in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets on</span> the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Fiscal Year 2018 Impairment</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In conjunction with a business review performed in the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment associated with the restructuring activities in the first quarter of the year ended April 30, 2018 we identified an indefinite-lived brand with forecasted cash flows that did not exceed its carrying value. As a result, a pre-tax impairment charge of $3.6 million was recorded in the first quarter of the year ended April 30, 2018 to reduce the carrying value of the brand to its fair value of $1.2 million, which will now be amortized over an estimated useful life of 5 years. This impairment charge was included in Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 19 &#8211; Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Each share of our Class B Common Stock is convertible into one share of Class A Common Stock. The holders of Class A stock are entitled to elect 30% of the entire Board of Directors and the holders of Class B stock are entitled to elect the remainder. On all other matters, each share of Class A stock is entitled to <span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_412cc978e5ad4421ab300d7ad207ba62">one tenth</span> of one vote and each share of Class B stock is entitled to one vote.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Share Repurchases</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the year ended April 30, 2020, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program of $200 million of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to $200 million that was remaining under this program.&#160; No share repurchases were made under this program during the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The share repurchase program described above is in addition to the share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors during the year ended April 30, 2017 of four million shares of Class A or B Common Stock. As of April 30, 2020, we had authorization from our Board of Directors to purchase up to 806,758 additional shares that were remaining under this program.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the shares repurchased of Class A and B Common Stock:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Changes in Common Stock</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za02ee464e1664172b31c837b360f9195" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Common stock class conversions and other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares issued, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70,127</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70,111</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Changes in Common Stock A in treasury:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">22,097</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Purchase of treasury shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,080</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">713</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - non-PSU Awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(232</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(205</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(133</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares, forfeited</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(34</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares withheld for taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">122</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">130</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">116</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,853</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of Common Stock A outstanding, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">46,761</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0786d345881d4226a4b58ca481cb5b8d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Dividends</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the cash dividends paid during the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z90e632ccac3d4b409031cb88c0a7f5a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Quarterly Cash Dividend</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Dividend</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Class of Common Stock</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dividend Paid Date</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shareholders of Record as of Date</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">June 27, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.2 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 24, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 10, 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 26, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.1 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 23, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 8, 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">December 18, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.0 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">January 16, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">January 2, 2020</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 18, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.0 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">April 15, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 31, 2020</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2208762<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6908306960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Technology, Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 665,116<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 688,701<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(367,111)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(399,680)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">298,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 289,934<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareNet', window );">Net book value of capitalized software costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">207,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedComputerSoftwareAmortization1', window );">Capitalized Software Amortization Expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">55,685<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,095<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">45,449<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DepreciationAndAmortizationExpenseExcludingCapitalizedSoftware', window );">Depreciation and Amortization Expense, Excluding Capitalized Software</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,031<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,323<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,878<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense for Technology, Property and Equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">76,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">69,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 64,327<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareDevelopmentMember', window );">Capitalized Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">471,844<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">440,437<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentWorkInProgress', window );">Work in process</a></td>
<td class="nump">900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_ComputerEquipmentMember', window );">Computer Hardware [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">46,640<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">68,718<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BuildingAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember', window );">Buildings and Leasehold Improvements [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">99,230<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">118,685<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_FurnitureFixturesAndWarehouseEquipmentMember', window );">Furniture, Fixtures and Warehouse Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">44,104<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,471<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_LandAndLandImprovementsMember', window );">Land and Land Improvements [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentLineItems', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,298<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,390<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense excluding capitalized software recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of work in progress in property, plant and equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization for physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for amortization of capitalized computer software costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128487-111756<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying amount of capitalized computer software costs net of accumulated amortization as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6931492256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges, Pre-tax Restructuring Charges (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="5">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 32,607<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,813<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Severance and Termination Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,864<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Operating Lease Right-of-use Asset Impairment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">161<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Facility Related Charges [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,986<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_BusinessOptimizationProgramMember', window );">Business Optimization Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,802<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(206)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">28,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">169,422<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Severance and Termination Benefits [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(250)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,456<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">27,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">116,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Consulting and Contract Termination Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(171)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">526<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,815<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,984<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member] | Other Activities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">215<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,136<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(462)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing and Platforms [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,546<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing and Platforms [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">340<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,884<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Academic and Professional Learning [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,475<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Academic and Professional Learning [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(5)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,139<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">8,244<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">42,834<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,774<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(103)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">389<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,894<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,764<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember', window );">Corporate Expenses [Member] | Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="num">(438)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 459<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,171<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostCostIncurredToDate1', window );">Restructuring and related charges incurred to date</a></td>
<td class="nump">95,940<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate Expenses [Member] | Business Optimization Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related (credits) charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
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<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details.</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp7073577280">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 25, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 17, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 16, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 24, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 18, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividends [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Total Dividend</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 76,658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 75,752<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 73,542<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividends [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.28<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividends [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.28<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract', window );"><strong>Amended and Restated Credit Agreement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Term of credit facility</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Aggregate principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,250,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross', window );">Credit agreement issuance cost capitalized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember', window );">Term Loan A Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract', window );"><strong>Amended and Restated Credit Agreement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Term of credit facility</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Credit agreement face amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross', window );">Credit agreement issuance cost capitalized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">Subsequent Event [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividends [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Total Dividend</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">Subsequent Event [Member] | Class A Common Stock [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividends [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 25,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.3425<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend payable date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 22,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul.  07,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">Subsequent Event [Member] | Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividends [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 25,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.3425<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend payable date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 22,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul.  07,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AmendedAndRestatedCreditAgreementAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_CashDividendAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td>duration</td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period of time between issuance and maturity of debt instrument, in PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before accumulated amortization, of debt issuance costs. Includes, but is not limited to, legal, accounting, underwriting, printing, and registration costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the declared dividend will be paid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the dividend to be paid was declared, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the holder must own the stock to be entitled to the dividend, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td>duration</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6913273584">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The components of net pension (income) expense for the defined benefit plans and the weighted average assumptions were as follows:</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,876</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(154</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Recognized Net Actuarial Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">19</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Pension (Income) Expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(542</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7,256</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">113</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(7,893</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">647</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Expected Return on Plan Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.8</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6.5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">%</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAmountsInAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossToBeRecognizedOverNextFiscalYearTableTextBlock', window );">Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Be Recognized as Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost During Next Fiscal Year</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the next fiscal year are as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb1800c5032ca420bbdc2399e4c706d9b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Actuarial Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,989</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">55</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(99</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,512</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTextBlock', window );">Changes in and Status of Plans' Assets and Benefit Obligations</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table sets forth the changes in and the status of our defined benefit plans&#8217; assets and benefit obligations:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">419,448</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Actual Return on Plan Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,645</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48,602</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,705</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employer Contributions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,700</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,872</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Employee Contributions</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Settlements</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefits Paid</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(15,027</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Service Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest Cost</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11,247</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Actuarial Gains (Losses)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefits Paid</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,282</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Underfunded Status, End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(105,021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Pension Liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Noncurrent Pension Liability</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(99,950</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(105,021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(91,620</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(178,311</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(37,695</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.0</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">N/A</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3.0</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated Benefit Obligations</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAllocationOfPlanAssetsTableTextBlock', window );">Pension Plan Assets at Fair Value by Level Within Fair Value Hierarchy</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, pension plan assets at their fair value as of April 30:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zfadca03d14994e72a82306455f271ad7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Level 1</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Investments measured at NAV:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Global Equity Securities: Limited Partnership</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">110,965</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">109,490</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fixed Income Securities: Commingled Trust Funds</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">102,981</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">104,138</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other: Real Estate Commingled Trust Fund</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">490</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfExpectedBenefitPaymentsTableTextBlock', window );">Expected Future Benefit Payments</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Benefit payments to retirees from all defined benefit plans are expected to be the following in the fiscal year indicated:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb2d679663494465e9ff8dc0457ba9528" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Fiscal Year</span></div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.44%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">U.S.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-U.S.</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2021</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,581</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,733</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,314</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2022</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,205</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,743</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25,948</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2023</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,533</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,065</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,598</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2024</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,713</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,691</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">27,404</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2025</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,363</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,439</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,802</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2026 &#8211; 2030</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">77,026</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">71,836</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">148,862</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 51.47%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 9.1pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">155,421</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.67%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.53%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 12.78%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">128,507</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.39%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.81%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 13.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">283,928</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of net benefit costs for pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans and the assumptions used to determine for pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans the benefit obligation and net benefit cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the major categories of plan assets of pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans.  This information may include, but is not limited to, the target allocation of plan assets, the fair value of each major category of plan assets, and the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the amounts related to pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year, including the net gain (loss), net prior service cost or credit, and net transition asset or obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (s)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of one or more of the entity's defined benefit pension plans or one or more other defined benefit postretirement plans, separately for pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans including the entity's schedule of fair value of plan assets for defined benefit or other postretirement plans.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of benefits expected to be paid by pension plans and/or other employee benefit plans in each of the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for the five fiscal years thereafter.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6922462480">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock', window );">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by Component, Net of Tax</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z676abf8e423b450a90bd1ff426ffd56a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Currency</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Retirement</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Interest</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Rate Swaps</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2017</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(319,212</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(190,502</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,427</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(507,287</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">67,639</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,979</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">592</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">67,707</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(251,573</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(191,026</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(439,580</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(60,534</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,422</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,121</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(68,835</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,391</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,714</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(323</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(60,534</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,031</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(69,158</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(312,107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(196,057</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(574</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937368800">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Technology, Property and Equipment (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property and equipment, net for the years ended April 30:</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6934775584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation, Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="6">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2015</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Restricted Stock, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 20,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,327<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,244<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock Awards [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedRollForward', window );"><strong>Restricted Shares [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Nonvested Shares at Beginning of Year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">756<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">861<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">913<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Granted (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">759<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">415<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">525<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance', window );">Change in Shares Due to Performance (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(70)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">Vested and Issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(329)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(357)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(318)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod', window );">Forfeited (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="num">(173)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(144)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(152)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Nonvested Shares at End of Year (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">943<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">756<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">861<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">913<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward', window );"><strong>Weighted Average Grant Date Value [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Nonvested Shares at Beginning of Year (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 57.38<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Granted (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">44.46<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Change in Shares Due to Performance (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">50.17<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Vested and Issued (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">53.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Forfeited (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">53.35<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Nonvested Shares at End of Year (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 49.74<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 57.38<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Restricted Stock, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions', window );">Unrecognized share-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1', window );">Award vesting period</a></td>
<td class="text">4 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1', window );">Weighted average recognition period for unrecognized share-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue', window );">Total grant date fair value of restricted shares vested</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Key Employees [Member] | Vesting on Fourth Anniversary Date Following Date of Grant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Key Employees [Member] | Vesting on Fifth Anniversary Date Following Date of Grant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Key Employees [Member] | Annual Vesting on Anniversary of Grant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember', window );">Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Key Employees [Member] | Vesting on June 30th of Year Following Performance Cycle [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember', window );">Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets', window );">Period for achievement of performance-based targets</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember', window );">Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Vesting on First Anniversary Date after Award Is Earned [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember', window );">Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Vesting on Second Anniversary Date after Award Is Earned [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember', window );">Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Vesting at End of Performance Cycle [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember', window );">Performance-based Restricted Stock Awards [Member] | Vesting on April 30th of Year Following Performance Cycle [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Award vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards that changed due to performance during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsChangeInSharesDueToPerformanceWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock options, that decreased due to performance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsDecreaseInSharesDueToPerformance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The period of time during which certain financial performance-based targets must be achieved in order to trigger payment of performance-based restricted stock awards under the terms of the long-term incentive plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardPeriodForAchievementOfPerformanceBasedTargets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted-average period over which cost not yet recognized is expected to be recognized for award under share-based payment arrangement, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost to be recognized for nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedShareBasedAwardsOtherThanOptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period over which grantee's right to exercise award under share-based payment arrangement is no longer contingent on satisfaction of service or performance condition, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Includes, but is not limited to, combination of market, performance or service condition.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsAdditionalDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that were forfeited during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average fair value as of the grant date of equity-based award plans other than stock (unit) option plans that were not exercised or put into effect as a result of the occurrence of a terminating event.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards issued during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of non-vested equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that validly exist and are outstanding as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or unit weighted-average fair value of nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that vested during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of share-based awards for which the grantee gained the right by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value as of grant date pertaining to an equity-based award plan other than a stock (or unit) option plan for which the grantee gained the right during the reporting period, by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash in accordance with the terms of the arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of vesting of award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=jwa_KeyEmployeesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=jwa_KeyEmployeesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheOneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwoMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheEightMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThirteenMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThreeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheThreeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheFourMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSixMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheSevenMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>82
<FILENAME>R72.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6931488944">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt and Available Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt', window );">Total debt outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 775,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent', window );">Current portion of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,375<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-Term Debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">765,650<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">478,790<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnamortizedDebtIssuanceExpense', window );">Unamortized issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis=jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross', window );">Credit agreement issuance cost capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts', window );">Amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees in interest expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 478,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Amount of financing available under credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,250,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1', window );">Line of credit facility, due date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar.  01,  2021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Term of credit facility</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross', window );">Credit agreement issuance cost capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Amended and Extended Revolving Credit Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">530,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross', window );">Credit agreement issuance cost capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember', window );">Line of Credit [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Amount of financing available under credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity', window );">Unused lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod', window );">Weighted average interest rate on total debt outstanding during the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.12%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.69%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate', window );">Weighted average interest rate on total debt at period end</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.26%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.88%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember', window );">Term Loan A Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 235,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Term of credit facility</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Credit agreement face amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross', window );">Credit agreement issuance cost capitalized</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount', window );">Term Loan amount related to lender fees as a reduction to debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees', window );">Term Loan amount related to non-lender fees in Other NC Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest', window );">Optional credit limit increase available on request</a></td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested', window );">Minimum increments in which optional credit limit increase may be requested</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage', window );">Line of credit facility fee percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.15%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage', window );">Line of credit facility fee percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.25%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | LIBOR [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.98%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | LIBOR [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Base Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Base Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin', window );">Applicable margin</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Federal Funds Effective Rate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate', window );">Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember', window );">Syndicate Bank Group led by Bank of America [Member] | Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Eurocurrency Rate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate', window );">Margin rate over reference rate used in determining base rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember', window );">Other Credit Facilities [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Outstanding borrowings under revolving credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Amount of financing available under credit facilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage points added to compute the variable rate on the debt instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentApplicableMargin</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Margin rate over reference rate used to calculate the lenders base rate.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentMarginOnReferenceRateUsedInDeterminingBaseRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of non-lender fees capitalized in connection with the amendment to the existing debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentNonLenderFees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The minimum incremental amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_MinimumIncrementsInWhichOptionalCreditLimitIncreasesMayBeRequested</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount by which the entity may request an optional increase to the maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility. This may consist of one request or several requests in minimum increments as specified under the revolving credit agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_OptionalCreditLimitIncreaseAvailableOnRequest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense attributable to debt issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfFinancingCosts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the fee that accompanies borrowing money under the debt instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFeeAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average effective interest rate during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period of time between issuance and maturity of debt instrument, in PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average interest rate of debt outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before accumulated amortization, of debt issuance costs. Includes, but is not limited to, legal, accounting, underwriting, printing, and registration costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The fee, expressed as a percentage of the line of credit facility, for the line of credit facility regardless of whether the facility has been used.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityCommitmentFeePercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the credit facility terminates, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityExpirationDate1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowing capacity currently available under the credit facility (current borrowing capacity less the amount of borrowings outstanding).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(b),22(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120520924&amp;loc=SL6031897-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt, classified as current. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs of long-term debt classified as noncurrent and excluding amounts to be repaid within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnamortizedDebtIssuanceExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The remaining balance of debt issuance expenses that were capitalized and are being amortized against income over the lives of the respective bond issues. This does not include the amounts capitalized as part of the cost of the utility plant or asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnamortizedDebtIssuanceExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis=jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis=jwa_AmendedAndExtendedRevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=jwa_TermLoanAFacilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_SyndicateBankGroupMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_BaseRateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_BaseRateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_FederalFundsEffectiveSwapRateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_EurodollarMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_EurodollarMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=jwa_OtherCreditFacilitiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</html>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>83
<FILENAME>R76.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6707284016">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans, Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Be Recognized During Next Fiscal Year (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsThatWillBeAmortizedFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossInNextFiscalYearAbstract', window );"><strong>Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to be recognized in next fiscal year [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfGainLossNextFiscalYear', window );">Actuarial Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,989<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCreditNextFiscalYear', window );">Prior Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(99)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationNextFiscalYear', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,890<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsThatWillBeAmortizedFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossInNextFiscalYearAbstract', window );"><strong>Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to be recognized in next fiscal year [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfGainLossNextFiscalYear', window );">Actuarial Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,666<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCreditNextFiscalYear', window );">Prior Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(154)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationNextFiscalYear', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,512<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsThatWillBeAmortizedFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossInNextFiscalYearAbstract', window );"><strong>Amounts in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to be recognized in next fiscal year [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfGainLossNextFiscalYear', window );">Actuarial Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCreditNextFiscalYear', window );">Prior Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">55<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationNextFiscalYear', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,378<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsThatWillBeAmortizedFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossInNextFiscalYearAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsThatWillBeAmortizedFromAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossInNextFiscalYearAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationNextFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost (credit) included in accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit) for fiscal year following most recent annual statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (s)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationNextFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfGainLossNextFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for gain (loss) of defined benefit plan expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit for fiscal year following most recent annual statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (s)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfGainLossNextFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCreditNextFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount included in accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss for prior service cost (credit) expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit) for fiscal year following most recent annual statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (s)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedAmortizationOfPriorServiceCostCreditNextFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>84
<FILENAME>R86.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6933662656">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts, Cash Dividends Paid (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 17, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 20, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 16, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 19, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 24, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 26, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 18, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 21, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockAcquiredAverageCostPerShare', window );">Average purchase price (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 43.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50.35<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 55.65<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Total Dividend</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 19,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 76,658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 75,752<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 73,542<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares Repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,079,936<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,191,496<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">713,177<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.28<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common Stock [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 27,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 24,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 10,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common Stock [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q2 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep. 26,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct. 23,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct.  08,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common Stock [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q3 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Dec. 18,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan. 16,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan.  02,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A Common Stock [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q4 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Mar. 18,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Apr. 15,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Mar. 31,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockTransactionsParentheticalDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Share repurchases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Shares Repurchased (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,281<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.32<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.28<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q1 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 27,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 24,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 10,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q2 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep. 26,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct. 23,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Oct.  08,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q3 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Dec. 18,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan. 16,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan.  02,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B Common [Member] | Dividend Declared in Q4 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashDividendAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash dividend [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear', window );">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Mar. 18,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Common stock dividend (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.34<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend paid date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Apr. 15,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateOfRecordDayMonthAndYear', window );">Dividend record date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Mar. 31,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the declared dividend will be paid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendPayableDateToBePaidDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the dividend to be paid was declared, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsPayableDateDeclaredDayMonthAndYear</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the holder must own the stock to be entitled to the dividend, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and have not been retired and are not held in treasury. Some state laws may govern the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total cost of shares repurchased divided by the total number of shares repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6911650464">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="8">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 467,100<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 410,900<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing and Platforms [Member] | Research Publishing [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">908,952<span></span>
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<td class="nump">903,950<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing and Platforms [Member] | Research Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">39,887<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,968<span></span>
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<td class="nump">32,907<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Academic &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">650,789<span></span>
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<td class="nump">703,303<span></span>
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<td class="nump">740,115<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 231,855<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 157,549<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">259,754</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">272,904</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.55pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">265,353</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">260,885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">278,161</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">84,646</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,404</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">155,885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Contribution to Profit</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">346,155</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">395,406</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">434,041</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted Operating Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">180,668</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">321,774</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">154,453</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">228,159</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,234</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">509,588</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">542,538</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">574,232</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(153,793</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(154,276</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(156,616</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">355,795</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">388,262</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">417,616</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8c7afb1eb3b44229972a32d4c5224c5b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to (Loss) Profit adjusted for restructuring charges and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; and Note 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#8221; for these charges by segment.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7569d607270046b79ccf7ec98b67d3ea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ReconciliationOfGAAPNetIncomeToNonGAAPEBITDAAndAdjustedEBITDATableTextBlock', window );">Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table shows a reconciliation of our consolidated U.S. GAAP net (loss) income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z680fb9787b36437dbf99f38c2475fadc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">For the Years Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(74,287</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">168,263</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">192,186</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,959</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,121</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,274</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Provision for income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,195</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,016</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,819</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest and other income</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ScheduleOfRevenueByProductServiceAssetsAndExpenditureForLongLivedAssetsAndDepreciationAndAmortizationBySegmentTableTextBlock', window );">Total Revenue by Product/Service and Total Assets, Expenditure for Long-Lived Assets and Depreciation and Amortization by Segment</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="ze2354d64c674405db581cfbee1cf882c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,225,313</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Product Development Spending and Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(16,329</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(12,928</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(24,961</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(38,229</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(32,337</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(43,625</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(613</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsByGeographicalAreasTableTextBlock', window );">Revenue from External Customers Based on Location of The Customer and Technology, Property and Equipment by Geographical Area</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue from external customers is based on the location of the customer and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net by geographic area were as follows:</div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">249,542</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United Kingdom</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">174,567</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">150,242</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,406</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,076</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20,955</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">113,664</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">97,505</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">98,404</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,059</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,259</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Japan</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">75,104</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of information concerning material long-lived assets (excluding financial instruments, customer relationships with financial institutions, mortgage and other servicing rights, deferred policy acquisition costs, and deferred taxes assets) located in identified geographic areas and/or the amount of revenue from external customers attributed to that country from which revenue is material.  An entity may also provide subtotals of geographic information about groups of countries.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp7073530768">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisitions (Details)<br> $ / shares in Units, &#8364; in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="8">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Jan. 01, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jan. 01, 2020 </div>
<div>EUR (&#8364;)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jul. 01, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Nov. 01, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Business </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jan. 31, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Oct. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Business</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Business</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jan. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Oct. 31, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jul. 31, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
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<th class="th">
<div>Apr. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, including those amounts paid after acquisition, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 229,629,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 190,415,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 474,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 467,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 466,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 423,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 491,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 449,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 448,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 410,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,831,483,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,800,069,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,796,103,000<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(170,700,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 48,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 63,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(54,287,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223,989,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">231,461,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,116,790,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,095,666,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,116,790,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,095,666,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">142,716,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">142,716,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 181,592,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 181,592,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Number of shares of common stock warrant holders are allowed to purchase (in shares) | shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember', window );">Research Publishing and Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 948,839,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">939,217,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">936,857,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 448,130,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">438,511,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">448,130,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">438,511,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember', window );">Academic and Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">650,789,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">703,303,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">740,115,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">501,091,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">458,145,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">501,091,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">458,145,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember', window );">Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">231,855,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">157,549,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 119,131,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">167,569,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 199,010,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">167,569,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">199,010,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember', window );">Mthree [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Fair value of consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 128,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#8364; 97.5<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate', window );">Fair value of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, including those amounts paid after acquisition, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 126,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod', window );">Period over which cash payment will be made upon reaching certain revenue and Adjusted EBITDA targets</a></td>
<td class="text">4 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">4 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPurchasePriceAllocationGoodwillExpectedTaxDeductibleAmount', window );">Goodwill deductible for tax purposes</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionRelatedCosts', window );">Acquisition related costs</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Total cash consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="nump">122,242,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets', window );">Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,750,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">484,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwill', window );">Intangible Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,836,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">82,561,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,710,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">152,341,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilities', window );">Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,380,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxLiabilities', window );">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,722,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,692,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther', window );">Other Long-Term Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">305,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,099,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 56,836,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired', window );">Percentage of ownership interest acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember', window );">Mthree [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember', window );">Mthree [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 48,792,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">12 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">12 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember', window );">Mthree [Member] | Content [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,319,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">4 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">4 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember', window );">Mthree [Member] | Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,725,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Total cash consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 55,939,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets', window );">Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,280,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwill', window );">Intangible Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,903,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">63,711,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilities', window );">Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,581,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxLiabilities', window );">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,191,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,772,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member] | Academic and Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Fair value of consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">57,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate', window );">Fair value of additional consideration to be paid after the acquisition date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, including those amounts paid after acquisition, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPurchasePriceAllocationGoodwillExpectedTaxDeductibleAmount', window );">Goodwill deductible for tax purposes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member] | Developed Technology [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member] | Content [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member] | Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, including those amounts paid after acquisition, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Research Publishing and Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired', window );">Number of immaterial businesses acquired | Business</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Academic and Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired', window );">Number of immaterial businesses acquired | Business</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired', window );">Number of immaterial businesses acquired | Business</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Developed Technology [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">8 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember', window );">Other Acquisitions [Member] | Content [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1', window );">Fair value of consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 201,274,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition', window );">Cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Fair value of cash consideration transferred, including those amounts paid after acquisition, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">190,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross', window );">Total cash consideration transferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets', window );">Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,353,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">343,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwill', window );">Intangible Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">109,548,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">110,966,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets', window );">Other non-current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,025,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">246,235,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilities', window );">Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,999,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxLiabilities', window );">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,778,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther', window );">Other Long-Term Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,184,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 44,961,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 109,548,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired', window );">Percentage of ownership interest acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDescriptionAbstract', window );"><strong>Acquisitions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating income (loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 103,850,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">15 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Content [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1', window );">Identifiable intangible assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,698,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife', window );">Weighted-average useful life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">4 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm', window );">Term of warrants</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable', window );">Issuance of warrants</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member] | Common Stock Class A [Member] | Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Identifiable intangible assets acquired and weighted-average useful life [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Number of shares of common stock warrant holders are allowed to purchase (in shares) | shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Exercise price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 90.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of additional consideration to be transferred subsequent to acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_BusinessCombinationAdditionalConsiderationToBeTransferredSubsequentToAcquisitionDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period over which post acquisition compensation expense will be recognized upon reach certain revenue and Adjusted EBITDA targets in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_BusinessCombinationPostAcquisitionCompensationExpenseTargetPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the number of immaterial businesses acquired during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfImmaterialBusinessesAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average amortization period of finite-lived intangible assets acquired either individually or as part of a group of assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsWeightedAverageUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of voting equity interests acquired at the acquisition date in the business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=79982066&amp;loc=d3e1392-128463<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPurchasePriceAllocationGoodwillExpectedTaxDeductibleAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of goodwill arising from a business combination that is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120321790&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPurchasePriceAllocationGoodwillExpectedTaxDeductibleAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionRelatedCosts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents acquisition-related costs incurred to effect a business combination which costs have been expensed during the period. Such costs include finder's fees; advisory, legal, accounting, valuation, and other professional or consulting fees; general administrative costs, including the costs of maintaining an internal acquisitions department; and may include costs of registering and issuing debt and equity securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116868678&amp;loc=d3e1043-128460<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationAcquisitionRelatedCosts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120321790&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity interests of the acquirer, including instruments or interests issued or issuable in consideration for the business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6613-128477<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116859721&amp;loc=d3e6578-128477<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityInterestsIssuedAndIssuable</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities due within one year or within the normal operating cycle, if longer, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedDeferredTaxLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of intangible assets, excluding goodwill, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibleAssetsOtherThanGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other liabilities due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of property, plant, and equipment recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121600890&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121647850&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period (for example, cash that was held by the acquired business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAcquiredFromAcquisition</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of securities into which the class of warrant or right may be converted. For example, but not limited to, 500,000 warrants may be converted into 1,000,000 shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in assets, excluding financial assets, lacking physical substance with a definite life, from an acquisition.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinitelivedIntangibleAssetsAcquired1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120320667&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of business during the period. The cash portion only of the acquisition price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120321790&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9031-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9038-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9054-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 924<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.L)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6472922&amp;loc=d3e499488-122856<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
</tr>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period between issuance and expiration of outstanding warrant and right embodying unconditional obligation requiring redemption by transferring asset at specified or determinable date or upon event certain to occur, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117815213&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingTerm</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_ResearchPublishingAndPlatformsSegmentMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_AcademicAndProfessionalLearningSegmentMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=jwa_EducationServicesSegmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_CustomerRelationshipsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_CourseContentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=jwa_CourseContentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis=us-gaap_DevelopedTechnologyRightsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_OtherAcquistionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=jwa_AdditionalPaidInCapitalAttributableToWarrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">180,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">70,166<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,127<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,405<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,634<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common Stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common Stock, shares authorized (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">72,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,055<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares', window );">Treasury stock (in shares)</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,920<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,918<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of common and preferred shares that were previously issued and that were repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury on the financial statement date. This stock has no voting rights and receives no dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockShares</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6909044992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Acquisition (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember', window );">mthree [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Consideration Transferred and Allocation of Purchase Price</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the preliminary consideration transferred to acquire mthree and the preliminary allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z907878dd964744aaa10806433af4a5b9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Preliminary</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Allocation</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total cash consideration transferred</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">122,242</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Assets:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Assets&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,750</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">484</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">56,836</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">82,561</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,710</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Assets&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">152,341</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Liabilities&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">14,380</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,722</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating Lease Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,692</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Long-Term Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">305</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">30,099</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets Acquired and Weighted-Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z8065aea652b342cd82a9064e4a3b3d8c" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Estimated</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fair Value</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Useful Life</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in Years)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48,792</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Trademarks</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,725</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember', window );">zybooks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Consideration Transferred and Allocation of Purchase Price</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire zyBooks and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z20cd9184e5b7492089b2282b5a9874a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total cash consideration transferred</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Assets:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Assets&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,280</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,500</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">36,903</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Assets&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">63,711</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Liabilities&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,581</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,191</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,772</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets Acquired and Weighted-Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z73bbb9c2ee4b4af5a908ccc3af0a90f9" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fair Value</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Useful Life</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in Years)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Developed Technology</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,400</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,800</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,400</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Trademarks</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">The Learning House, Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems', window );"><strong>Business Acquisition [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock', window );">Consideration Transferred and Allocation of Purchase Price</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The following table summarizes the consideration transferred to acquire Learning House and the allocation of the purchase price among the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.</span></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z6ce1e8945e724505bd6a8d6ccb03ef79" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total consideration transferred</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Assets:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, Property and Equipment, net&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">343</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">109,548</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">110,966</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Non-Current Assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,025</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Assets&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">246,235</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Liabilities:&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Current Liabilities&#160;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,999</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,778</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Long-Term Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,184</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,961</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets Acquired and Weighted-Average Useful Life</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their weighted-average useful life at the date of acquisition.</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z456620a76f5b409ab37eca8784bd37d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Fair Value</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted-</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Useful Life</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in Years)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Customer Relationships</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">103,850</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Course Content</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,698</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionLineItems</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of a material business combination completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. This table  does not include leveraged buyouts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=79982066&amp;loc=d3e1486-128463<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=79982066&amp;loc=d3e1392-128463<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTextBlock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of finite-lived intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination or through an asset purchase, by major class and in total, including the value of the asset acquired, any significant residual value (the expected value of the asset at the end of its useful life) and the weighted-average amortization period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAcquiredAsPartOfBusinessCombinationTextBlock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_MthreeMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_ZyanteMember</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6691116176">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (74,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 168,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 192,186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment', window );">Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">202,348<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of intangibles</a></td>
<td class="nump">62,436<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54,658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,230<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Amortization of product development assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,975<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,079<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,432<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation and amortization of technology, property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">76,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">69,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,327<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits', window );">Restructuring and related charges</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,607<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,566<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,009<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,327<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,244<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense', window );">Employee retirement plan expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,832<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,236<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,388<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties', window );">Royalty advances</a></td>
<td class="num">(133,497)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(129,949)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(122,602)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty', window );">Earned royalty advances</a></td>
<td class="nump">131,398<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129,125<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">116,620<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Foreign exchange transaction (gains) losses</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,773)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,819<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense', window );">Other non-cash charges (credits)</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,115<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,136)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(29,951)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,962)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(64,734)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(14,209)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories', window );">Inventories, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,714)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,820<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,517<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,163<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,543<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltiesPayable', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,425<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,664<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(118)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,901<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,243<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable', window );">Accrued income taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,962)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,613<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(565)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInRestructuringReserve', window );">Restructuring payments</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,563)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,219)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(30,595)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities', window );">Other accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(7,817)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(32,713)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPostretirementObligations', window );">Employee retirement plan contributions</a></td>
<td class="num">(33,729)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40,470)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(27,550)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities', window );">Operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(28,243)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="num">(924)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,060)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,393<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">288,435<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">382,322<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development spending</a></td>
<td class="num">(26,608)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(24,426)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(36,503)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Additions to technology, property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="num">(88,593)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(77,167)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(114,225)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired', window );">Businesses acquired in purchase transactions, net of cash acquired</a></td>
<td class="num">(229,629)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(190,415)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets', window );">Acquisitions of publication rights and other</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,840)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,494)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(26,683)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net Cash Used in Investing Activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(346,670)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(301,502)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(177,411)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Financing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt', window );">Repayment of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="num">(630,551)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(476,246)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(467,915)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt', window );">Borrowing of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="nump">934,323<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">596,320<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">459,304<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts', window );">Payment of debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,006)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock', window );">Purchase of treasury shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(46,589)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,994)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(39,688)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts', window );">Change in book overdrafts</a></td>
<td class="num">(48)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,674)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,191)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock', window );">Cash dividends</a></td>
<td class="num">(76,658)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(75,752)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(73,542)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther', window );">Net (payments) proceeds from exercise of stock options and other</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,794)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,751<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,201<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">172,677<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(17,595)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(96,831)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Effects of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,943)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(8,443)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,661<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Reconciliation:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">92,890<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">169,773<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,516<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Balance at Beginning of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">93,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,516<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">Increase/(Decrease) for Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">109,499<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(76,709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">111,741<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">202,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,890<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">169,773<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Restricted cash included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">583<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">484<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Balance at End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">203,047<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,257<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Paid During the Year for</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet', window );">Interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,622<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,867<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,221<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet', window );">Income taxes, net of refunds</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,537<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,264<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">48,709<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionsByUniqueDescriptionAxis=jwa_TheLearningHouseIncMember', window );">Learning House [Member] | Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNetNonmonetaryAssetsAcquiredLiabilitiesAssumedAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-cash items associated with the acquisition of Learning House:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue', window );">Warrants to purchase 0.4 million shares of Wiley Class A Common Stock issued in connection with the Learning House acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for book composition and other product development spending.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdditionsToProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The charge against earnings in the period representing the amortization of product development assets, which consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AmortizationOfProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_CashPaidDuringPeriodForAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the period in the amount due for operating lease liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The value of warrants issued as [noncash or part noncash] consideration for a business or asset acquired. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that affect recognized assets or liabilities but that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NoncashOrPartNoncashAcquisitionNoncashFinancialOrEquityInstrumentConsiderationWarrantsIssuedValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow or inflow resulting from the exercise of employee stock options and other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ProceedsFromPaymentsForExerciseOfStockOptionsAndOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Restructuring charges for research and professional development, net of related reversal of severance provisions previously recorded by the Company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RestructuringChargesNetOfCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The expense charged against earnings for the periodic recognition of the advance royalties. These royalties are paid in one accounting period, but are deducted from earnings over time through amortization. For example, royalties that are required to be paid in advance of production from a mineral, oil, or gas property and amortized over the period of right to produce these items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfAdvanceRoyalty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121605123&amp;loc=d3e30226-110892<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120253306&amp;loc=d3e28228-110885<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total loss recognized during the period from the impairment of goodwill plus the loss recognized in the period resulting from the impairment of the carrying amount of intangible assets, other than goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetImpairment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income, net of any cash received during the current period as refunds for the overpayment of taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services; includes accounts receivable and other types of receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Change in recurring obligations of a business that arise from the acquisition of merchandise, materials, supplies and services used in the production and sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableTrade</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the period in the amount due for taxes based on the reporting entity's earnings or attributable to the entity's income earning process (business presence) within a given jurisdiction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate value of all inventory held by the reporting entity, associated with underlying transactions that are classified as operating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in operating assets after deduction of operating liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingCapitalNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in operating liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPostretirementObligations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation for other postretirement benefits. Includes, but is not limited to, defined benefit and defined contribution plans. Excludes pension benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPostretirementObligations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) of consideration paid in advance for royalties that provide economic benefits in future periods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidRoyalties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInRestructuringReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the period in the carrying amount (including both current and noncurrent portions of the accrual) of the liability pertaining to the exit from or disposal of business activities or restructuring pursuant to a duly authorized plan, excluding costs or losses pertaining to an entity newly acquired in a business combination and to asset retirement obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInRestructuringReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltiesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the obligations due for compensation payments related to the use of copyrights, patents, trade names, licenses, technology. Royalty payments are also paid by the lease holders for oil, gas, and mineral extraction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInRoyaltiesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash paid for interest, excluding capitalized interest, classified as operating activity. Includes, but is not limited to, payment to settle zero-coupon bond for accreted interest of debt discount and debt instrument with insignificant coupon interest rate in relation to effective interest rate of borrowing attributable to accreted interest of debt discount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPaidNet</td>
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<tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost (reversal of cost) for other postretirement benefits. Excludes pension benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherPostretirementBenefitExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow paid to third parties in connection with debt origination, which will be amortized over the remaining maturity period of the associated long-term debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDebtIssuanceCosts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow in the form of ordinary dividends to common shareholders of the parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesNetOfCashAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to acquire asset without physical form usually arising from contractual or other legal rights, excluding goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a debt initially having maturity due after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfLongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net cash inflow or outflow from the excess drawing from an existing cash balance, which will be honored by the bank but reflected as a loan to the drawer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3098-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfBankOverdrafts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for debt initially having maturity due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6906405024">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information<br></strong></div></th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 20 &#8211; Segment Information</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas: (1) Research Publishing &amp; Platforms, which continues to include the Research publishing and Atypon businesses, (2) Academic &amp; Professional Learning, which is the former &#8220;Publishing&#8221; segment combined with our corporate training businesses &#8211; previously noted as Professional Assessment and Corporate Learning; and (3) Education Services, which includes our Online Program Management and mthree <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">training, upskilling and talent placement services for professionals and businesses</span>. Prior period segment results have been revised to the new segment presentation. There were no changes to our consolidated financial results.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We report our segment information in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 280. These segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker evaluates our business performance and manages the operations.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Segment information is as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">265,353</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">260,885</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">278,161</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">155,885</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">69,495</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">60,889</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">54,805</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">163,433</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">140,191</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">334,848</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">321,774</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">332,966</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">154,453</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">228,159</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">5,234</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Segment Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">509,588</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">542,538</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">574,232</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z8c7afb1eb3b44229972a32d4c5224c5b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to (Loss) Profit adjusted for restructuring charges and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; and Note 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#8221; for these charges by segment.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z7569d607270046b79ccf7ec98b67d3ea" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(2)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table shows a reconciliation of our consolidated U.S. GAAP net (loss) income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z680fb9787b36437dbf99f38c2475fadc" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">For the Years Ended April 30,</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Net (Loss) Income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(74,287</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">168,263</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">192,186</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest expense</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">24,959</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">16,121</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,274</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Provision for income taxes</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">11,195</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44,689</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,745</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">175,127</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">161,155</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">153,989</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">136,994</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">390,228</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">381,194</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">202,348</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,600</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restructuring and related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,607</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,118</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,566</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Foreign exchange transaction (gains) losses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,773</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">6,016</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">12,819</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interest and other income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(13,381</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(11,100</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(8,563</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">355,795</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; for revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">942,598</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">486,316</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">440,516</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">199,023</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">532,241</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,168,794</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Product Development Spending and Additions to Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(150,728</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue from external customers is based on the location of the customer and Technology, Property and Equipment, Net by geographic area were as follows:</div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United States</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">944,075</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">932,927</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">913,852</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">261,296</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">252,459</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">249,542</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">United Kingdom</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">174,567</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">150,242</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,406</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,076</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,331</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20,955</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Germany</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">113,664</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6924039120">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all of the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding.</div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Reclassifications:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended January 31, 2020, we identified an immaterial error within our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, including the results for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. Certain consideration received for services not yet performed, mainly for our annual subscription licensing revenue agreements, was presented as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, Net, rather than an increase to Contract Liabilities. The correction increases Accounts Receivable, Net and increases Contract Liabilities by approximately $11.8 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. There was no impact on Revenue, Net, Operating Income, Net Income, Earnings Per Share, or Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Management has evaluated all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors and has concluded that the error is not material to the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for the previously reported periods. We have revised our accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position to correct this for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 and any related disclosures. This immaterial error did not impact the April 30, 2020 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The current policy for our subscription licensing agreements is to record accounts receivable when performance occurs and recognize contract liabilities once the invoice is due, or cash payment is received from the customer<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Use of Estimates:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans.&#160; We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results.</div>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_CashAndCashEquivalentsBookOverdraftsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Book Overdrafts</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Book Overdrafts:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, book overdrafts of $7.4 million, in each year respectively, were included in Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Revenue Recognition:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#8217;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of our revenue recognition policy.</div>
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</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Cash and Cash Equivalents:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments.</div>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy', window );">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The estimated allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a review of the aging of the accounts receivable balances, historical write-off experience, credit evaluations of customers, and current market conditions. A change in the evaluation of a customer&#8217;s credit could affect the estimated allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts is shown as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and amounted to $18.3 million and $14.3 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Sales Return Reserves</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Sales Return Reserves:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns. Print book sales return reserves amounted to a net liability balance of $19.6 million and $18.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#8211; increase (decrease):</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb618d3d05363434f893c98e1fec72258" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Inventories, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,686</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,739</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Decrease in Accrued royalties</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,441</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,653</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Contract liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,769</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25,934</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Print book sales return reserve net liability balance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(19,642</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(18,542</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock', window );">Inventories</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Inventories:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. U.S. book inventories aggregating $24.3 million and $21.0 million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method.&#160;All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Product Development Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Product Development Assets:&#160;</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs. Costs associated with developing a book publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2020, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately 6 years.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock', window );">Royalty Advances</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Royalty Advances:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty advances are capitalized and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Shipping and Handling Costs</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Shipping and Handling Costs:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $28.8 million, $32.7 million, and $33.7 million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Advertising and Marketing Costs</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Advertising and Marketing Costs:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. We incurred $103.1 million, $89.5 million, and $68.3 million in advertising and marketing costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, and these costs are included in Cost of Sales and Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs of $65.8 million, $53.7 million, and $38.3 million were included in Cost of Sales in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. This includes certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by our Education Services business to fulfill performance obligations from contracts with educational institutions.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs of $37.3 million, $35.8 million, and $30.0 million were included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Technology, Property, and Equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Technology, Property, and Equipment:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software &#8211; 3 to 10 years, Computer Hardware &#8211; 3 to 5 years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements &#8211; the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to 40 years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment &#8211; 5 to 10 years.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services and payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally 3 to 5 years. Costs related to the investment in our Enterprise Resource Planning and related systems are amortized over an expected useful life of 10 years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred.</div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy', window );">Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed</span>:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed required us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as projected revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.</span></div>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsIndefiniteLivedPolicy', window );">Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets:</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, brands and trademarks, developed technology and non-compete agreements and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity of the brands, trademarks, and content and publication rights and developed technology acquired combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2020, are amortized on a straight line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights &#8211; 34 years, customer relationships &#8211; 16 years, brands and trademarks &#8211; 13 years, developed technology &#8211; 7 years, and non-compete agreements &#8211; 5 years.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Assets with definite lives are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment.&#160;In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows.</div>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Derivative Financial Instruments</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Derivative Financial Instruments:</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160; Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Gains/Losses:</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We maintain operations in many non-U.S. locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#8217; Equity.</span>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income as incurred.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Stock-Based Compensation:</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards.&#160;As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. Judgment was also required in estimating the amount of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income could be impacted.</div>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</a></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Revenue from Contracts with Customers</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 which requires entities to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted ASU 2014-09, and all related amendments, which established ASC Topic 606 (the "new revenue standard"), effective as </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue are recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard was not material to our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2019; therefore, we have omitted the disclosure that summarizes the effect of the revenue recognition standard by line item on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is to release when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;. ASU 2017-12</span> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leases</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#8221;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#8221;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#8217; Equity, Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221;, for further details on our operating leases.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted ASU 2017-04 during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&#160; See Note<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#8221; for further details on the impairment charges we recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2020.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reference Rate Reform</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, &#8220;Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.&#8221; This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting.&#160; This would apply to companies meeting certain criteria that have contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform.&#160; This standard is effective for us as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, &#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.&#8221;&#160;This ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740, &#8220;Income Taxes&#8221; and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application.&#160; The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, and early adoption is permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued.&#160;We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. This ASU may be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020 prospectively to all implementation costs that will be incurred on or after the date of adoption. The impact will be based on future implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, which we currently do not expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2018-13 will have an impact on our consolidated financial statements with the exception of new and expanded disclosures.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#8221;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#8221; in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#8221; in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#8221; and in February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)&#8212;Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)&#160; (SEC Update)&#8221;. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020. Based on financial instruments currently held by us, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will primarily impact our trade receivables, specifically our allowance for doubtful accounts. We haven&#8217;t completed our analysis, however, due to the historical, current and expected credit quality of our customers, we do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial results.</div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the treatment of costs associated with developing a publication.</p></div>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to recently adopted accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RecentlyAdoptedAccountingStandardsPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the treatment of royalty advances.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RoyaltyAdvancePolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for sales return reserves.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_SalesReturnReservesPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the classification of shipping and handling costs, including whether the costs are included in cost of sales or included in other income statement accounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShippingAndHandlingCostsPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for advertising cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 720<br> -SubTopic 35<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420018&amp;loc=d3e36677-107848<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvertisingCostsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for completed business combinations (purchase method, acquisition method or combination of entities under common control). This accounting policy may include a general discussion of the purchase method or acquisition method of accounting (including for example, the treatment accorded contingent consideration, the identification of assets and liabilities, the purchase price allocation process, how the fair values of acquired assets and liabilities are determined) and the entity's specific application thereof. An entity that acquires another entity in a leveraged buyout transaction generally discloses the accounting policy followed by the acquiring entity in determining the basis used to value its interest in the acquired entity, and the rationale for that accounting policy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)-(d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6909625&amp;loc=d3e227-128457<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for cash and cash equivalents, including the policy for determining which items are treated as cash equivalents. Other information that may be disclosed includes (1) the nature of any restrictions on the entity's use of its cash and cash equivalents, (2) whether the entity's cash and cash equivalents are insured or expose the entity to credit risk, (3) the classification of any negative balance accounts (overdrafts), and (4) the carrying basis of cash equivalents (for example, at cost) and whether the carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121583591&amp;loc=d3e4273-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativesPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for its derivative instruments and hedging activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=d3e41620-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=d3e41638-113959<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=d3e41675-113959<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(n))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5579240-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativesPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for (1) transactions denominated in a currency other than the reporting enterprise's functional currency, (2) translating foreign currency financial statements that are incorporated into the financial statements of the reporting enterprise by consolidation, combination, or the equity method of accounting, and (3) remeasurement of the financial statements of a foreign reporting enterprise in a hyperinflationary economy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2175825<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsIndefiniteLivedPolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for indefinite-lived intangible assets (that is, those intangible assets not subject to amortization). This accounting policy also may address how the entity assesses whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life and how the entity assesses and measures impairment of such assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsIndefiniteLivedPolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for finite-lived intangible assets. This accounting policy also might address: (1) the amortization method used; (2) the useful lives of such assets; and (3) how the entity assesses and measures impairment of such assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120154696&amp;loc=d3e54445-107959<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 920<br> -SubTopic 350<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120155617&amp;loc=SL120155638-234783<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 920<br> -SubTopic 350<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120155617&amp;loc=SL120155628-234783<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 920<br> -SubTopic 350<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120155617&amp;loc=SL120155628-234783<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of inventory accounting policy for inventory classes, including, but not limited to, basis for determining inventory amounts, methods by which amounts are added and removed from inventory classes, loss recognition on impairment of inventories, and situations in which inventories are stated above cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116847112&amp;loc=d3e4556-108314<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361739&amp;loc=d3e7789-107766<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116847112&amp;loc=d3e4492-108314<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846552&amp;loc=d3e543-108305<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2126998<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for reclassification affecting comparability of financial statement. Excludes amendment to accounting standards, other change in accounting principle, and correction of error.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6359566&amp;loc=d3e326-107755<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for long-lived, physical asset used in normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, work of art, historical treasure, and similar asset classified as collections.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 958<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120429125&amp;loc=d3e99779-112916<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 958<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120429125&amp;loc=d3e99893-112916<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for revenue. Includes revenue from contract with customer and from other sources.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18823-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18823-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for award under share-based payment arrangement. Includes, but is not limited to, methodology and assumption used in measuring cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b),(f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for accounts receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121611835&amp;loc=d3e4975-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121611835&amp;loc=d3e5212-111524<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121611835&amp;loc=SL6953423-111524<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121611835&amp;loc=d3e5093-111524<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121611835&amp;loc=d3e5033-111524<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84159169&amp;loc=d3e10133-111534<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6191-108592<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6161-108592<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6143-108592<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e5967-108592<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6061-108592<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6132-108592<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e5967-108592<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937442272">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Restructuring and Related Charges</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 7 &#8211; Restructuring and Related Charges</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Business Optimization Program</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in fiscal year 2020, we initiated a multi-year Business Optimization Program (the &#8220;Business Optimization Program&#8221;) to drive efficiency improvement and operating savings.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Segment:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,546</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">10,475</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,774</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">15,018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,813</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,864</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">161</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Facility related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,986</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 15.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,802</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,813</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other Activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 primarily relate to reserves and costs associated with the cessation of certain offerings, and to a lesser extent, a pension settlement, and the impairment of certain software licenses.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation &amp;</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Other</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,864</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,193</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Approximately $16.9 million of the restructuring liability for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs and approximately $0.7 million is reflected in Other Long-Term Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, as of April 30, 2020.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities that relates to severance and termination benefits is expected to be paid in the year ended April 30, 2022.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for other activities is reflected in Other Accrued Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2013, we initiated a global program (the &#8220;Restructuring and Reinvestment Program&#8221;) to restructure and realign our cost base with current and anticipated future market conditions. We are targeting a majority of the expected cost savings achieved to improve margins and earnings, while the remainder will be reinvested in high-growth digital business opportunities.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges related to this program:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">340</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,131</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,139</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,244</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42,834</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and contract termination costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9fc8359daa804ccf955e5770f62027d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 4.5pt;"/>
    <td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities for the year ended April 30, 2020 include facility related costs. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Other Activities for the year ended April 30, 2019 reflect lease impairment related costs. The credits in other activities for the year ended April 30, 2018 mainly reflect changes in estimates for previously accrued restructuring charges related to facility lease reserves.&#160;</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z311a7e28899247b8ba0d0b1ca7e9e3f7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div> </div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Credits)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,887</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(250</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(39</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,360</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and contract termination costs</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">303</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(171</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(132</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2,544</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,270</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(44</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">230</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">7,734</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</span>,&#8221; and Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for accrued severance and termination benefits is reflected in Accrued Employment Costs in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The restructuring liability as of April 30, 2020 for other activities are reflected in Other Long-Term Liabilities in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position and mainly relate to facility relocation and lease impairment related costs. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The amount included in Other Long-Term Liabilities is expected to be paid in the year ended April 30, 2022.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We currently do not anticipate any further material charges related to the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program.</div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers<br></strong></div></th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;">Note 3 </span>&#8212;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold;"> Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Disaggregation of Revenue</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by segment and product type.</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">231,855</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">157,549</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">119,131</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Revenue</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,796,103</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Description of Revenue Generating Activities</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Part I, Item 1, &#8220;Business&#8221; for a description of our business and our reportable segments.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms Segment</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue by product type are Research Publishing and Research Platforms.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams:</div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Journal Subscriptions;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other; and</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Journal Subscriptions</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journal subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a </span>typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In journal subscriptions, there are generally two performance obligations; a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content; and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content, which also includes online hosting of the content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price which is generally the contractually stated price and the revenue for new content is recognized over one year as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Within licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property.&#160; Due to the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights. The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide an APC at a discount to eligible users who are&#160; defined in the contract, in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is recorded as a contract liability and revenue is recognized over time.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2019, Wiley announced a new contractual arrangement in support of Open Access, a countrywide partnership agreement with Projekt DEAL, a representative of nearly </span>700<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> academic institutions in Germany. This transformative three-year agreement provides all Projekt DEAL institutions with access to read Wiley&#8217;s academic journals back to the year 1997, and researchers at Projekt DEAL institutions can publish articles open access in Wiley&#8217;s journals. The partnership will better support institutions and researchers in advancing open science, driving discovery, and developing and disseminating knowledge. </span>Projekt DEAL includes multiple performance obligations, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content, perpetual license for access to historical journal content and accepting articles to be hosted on our open access platform. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are compensated primarily through a fee per article published and a consolidated access fee.</span> The consideration for Projekt DEAL consists of fixed and variable consideration. We allocated the total consideration to the fixed and variable components based on stand-alone selling prices for each performance obligation.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Research Platforms</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period. The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning revenue by product type are Education Publishing and Professional Learning.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Education Publishing</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>

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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education and STM Publishing;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Digital Courseware;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Publishing and STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) Publishing within Education Publishing and Professional Publishing within Professional Learning product type below</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our performance obligations as it relates to Education, STM and Professional Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased which are represented by an International Standard Book Number (&#8220;ISBN&#8217;s&#8221;), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation.&#160; Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price since Wiley sells the books separately.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As it relates to print and digital books within the Education, STM, and Professional Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Digital Courseware</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#8217;s purchased. Revenue is recognized when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Test Preparation and Certification</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as textbooks, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed; however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing and Other</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Professional Learning</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Learning generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>

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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Publishing, which is described above;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other, which is described above;</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment; and</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Assessment through our authorized distributor network includes multiple performance obligations. This includes a performance obligation that includes an annual membership which includes the right to purchase products and services, access to the platform, support and training.&#160; This performance obligation is recognized over time since we have an obligation to stand-ready for the customer&#8217;s use of the services.&#160; In addition, there are performance obligations for the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time when the assessment, product or service is provided or delivered.&#160; The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its observable standalone selling price.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessment customers&#8217; unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive an assessment and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#8220;breakage&#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer which is generally one year.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services revenue by product type are Education Services and mthree.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Services</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue is primarily derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods. These optional renewal periods are not a material right and are not considered a separate performance obligation.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also when the variable consideration contingency is resolved.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">mthree</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">mthree includes a performance obligation for the services provided which is recognized over the period of time the services are provided to its customers.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table provides information about receivables and contract liabilities from contracts with customers.</div>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za011364e7ca94d4e82d2d12f6012481f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Increase/</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Decrease)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balances from contracts with customers:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-left: 17.75pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accounts receivable, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">309,384</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">306,631</div></td>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liabilities is $32.8 million and $25.9 million as of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</div></td>
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<div style="display:none;"><br/></div>
<div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the year ended April 30, 2020, we estimate that we recognized as revenue substantially all of the current contract liability at April 30, 2019.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The increase to contract liabilities in fiscal year 2020 was primarily driven by renewals of journal subscription agreements, as well as open access and comprehensive agreements, partially offset by revenue earned on journal subscriptions and open access and comprehensive agreements and the negative impact of foreign exchange.&#160; The acquisitions during the year ended April 30, 2020 did not have a material impact on the change in our contract liability balances during fiscal year 2020.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Remaining Performance Obligations included in Contract Liability</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $535.2 million, which included the sales return reserve of $32.8 million. Excluding the sales return reserve, we expect that approximately $487.5 million will be recognized in the next twelve months with the remaining $14.9 million to be recognized thereafter.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Assets Recognized for the Costs to Fulfill a Contract</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs to fulfill a contract are directly related to a contract that will be used to satisfy a performance obligation in the future and are expected to be recovered. These costs are amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. These types of costs are incurred in the following revenue streams, (1) <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Research Platforms and (2) Education Services.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our assets associated with incremental costs to fulfill a contract were $11.5 million and $8.9 million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and are included within Other Non-Current Assets on our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We recorded amortization expense of $4.2 million and $2.6 million during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to these assets within Cost of Sales on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sales and value-added taxes are excluded from revenues. Shipping and handling costs, which are primarily incurred within the Academic &amp; Professional Learning segment, occur before the transfer of control of the related goods. Therefore, in accordance with the revenue standard, it is not considered a promised service to the customer and would be considered a cost to fulfill our promise to transfer the goods. Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $28.8 million, $32.7 million, and $33.7 million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 respectively. </div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation, President and CEO New Hire Equity Awards (Details)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<div>Apr. 30, 2020 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Installment </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary', window );">Targeted long-term incentive as percentage of base salary</a></td>
<td class="nump">300.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive', window );">Targeted long-term incentive value | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.7<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member] | Performance Share Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue', window );">Percentage of targeted long-term incentive value</a></td>
<td class="nump">60.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 59.15<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Awards granted (in shares) | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,916<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member] | Restricted Share Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue', window );">Percentage of targeted long-term incentive value</a></td>
<td class="nump">40.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 59.15<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Awards granted (in shares) | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,611<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member] | Restricted Share Units [Member] | Vesting on April 30, 2018 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Awards vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member] | Restricted Share Units [Member] | Vesting on April 30, 2019 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Awards vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member] | Restricted Share Units [Member] | Vesting on April 30, 2020 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Awards vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember', window );">ELTIP [Member] | Restricted Share Units [Member] | Vesting on April 30, 2021 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage', window );">Awards vesting percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_SignOnGrantMember', window );">Sign-On Grant [Member] | Restricted Share Units [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Grant date fair value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 59.15<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">Awards granted (in shares) | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">67,625<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensationGross', window );">Grant value | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments', window );">Number of equal installments | Installment</a></td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the number of equal installments for vesting shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_NumberOfEqualInstallments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the percentage of targeted long-term incentive value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_PercentageOfTargetedLongTermIncentiveValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the targeted long-term incentive of share-based compensation awards as a percentage of base salary during the performance cycle.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardTargetedLongTermIncentiveAsPercentageOfBaseSalary</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Refers to the value of base salary for targeted long-term incentive of share-based compensation awards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardValueOfBaseSalaryForTargetedLongTermIncentive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or unit weighted-average fair value of nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of vesting of award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120381028&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensationGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value, before forfeiture, of shares granted under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockGrantedDuringPeriodValueSharebasedCompensationGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_ExecutiveLongTermIncentiveProgramMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheNineMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTenMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheElevenMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VestingAxis=jwa_ShareBasedCompensationAwardTrancheTwelveMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_SignOnGrantMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=jwa_SignOnGrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>97
<FILENAME>R73.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6932353440">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Activities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt', window );">Total debt outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 775.1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet', window );">Unamortized debt issuance costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount', window );">Variable rate loans outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">775.8<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestRateCashFlowHedgeGainLossToBeReclassifiedDuringNext12MonthsNet', window );">Unrecognized gains to be reclassified into net income in the next twelve months</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Interest Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet', window );">Net gains reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (note -- all gains for all 3 years)</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4.7<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.5<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeAssets', window );">Assets fair value of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.5<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | February 2020 Interest Rate Swap Variable Rate Loans [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 26,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.15%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract', window );">Term of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar. 15,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 100.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | August 2019 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug.  07,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract', window );">Term of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug. 15,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 100.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | June 2019 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 24,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.65%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract', window );">Term of derivative instrument</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 15,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 100.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember', window );">Interest Rate Swaps [Member] | April 2016 Interest Rate Swap (Variable Rate Loans) [Member] | LIBOR [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems', window );"><strong>Derivative [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates', window );">Inception date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr.  04,  2016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate', window );">Fixed interest rate to be paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.92%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate', window );">Term of variable rate</a></td>
<td class="text">1 month<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 15,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount', window );">Notional amount of derivative liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 350.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Term of the interest rate that fluctuates over time based on an underlying benchmark interest rate or index, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_DebtInstrumentTermOfVariableRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization, of debt issuance costs. Includes, but is not limited to, legal, accounting, underwriting, printing, and registration costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119993939&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFinanceCostsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value, after the effects of master netting arrangements, of a financial asset or other contract with one or more underlyings, notional amount or payment provision or both, and the contract can be net settled by means outside the contract or delivery of an asset. Includes assets not subject to a master netting arrangement and not elected to be offset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393222&amp;loc=SL20226008-175313<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121572278&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=51824906&amp;loc=SL20225862-175312<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the entity entered into the derivative contract, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInceptionDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The effective portion of net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income on derivative instruments designated and qualifying as hedging instruments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4D<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5624177-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4C<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5624171-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossReclassifiedFromAccumulatedOCIIntoIncomeEffectivePortionNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Nominal or face amount used to calculate payments on the derivative liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5580258-113959<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121590274&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilityNotionalAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the derivative contract matures, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeMaturityDates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fixed interest rate that will be received or paid upon exercise of the interest rate swaption contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeSwaptionInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period the derivative contract is outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeTermOfContract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestRateCashFlowHedgeGainLossToBeReclassifiedDuringNext12MonthsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The estimated net amount of unrealized gains or losses on interest rate cash flow hedges as of the balance sheet date expected to be reclassified to earnings within the next twelve months.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121549185&amp;loc=d3e80748-113994<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestRateCashFlowHedgeGainLossToBeReclassifiedDuringNext12MonthsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120520924&amp;loc=SL6031897-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of the carrying amount of long-term borrowings outstanding as of the balance sheet date, including current maturities, which accrues interest at a rate subject to change from time to time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongtermDebtPercentageBearingVariableInterestAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis=us-gaap_InterestRateSwapMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis=us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis=us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis=us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsGainLossByHedgingRelationshipAxis=us-gaap_CashFlowHedgingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_February2020InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
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<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=us-gaap_LondonInterbankOfferedRateLIBORMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_August2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_June2019InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=jwa_April2016InterestRateSwapVariableRateLoansMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>98
<FILENAME>R77.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6930218320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Retirement Plans, Changes in and Status of Defined Benefit Plans' Assets and Benefit Obligations (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInFairValueOfPlanAssetsRollForward', window );"><strong>CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets, Beginning of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 621,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">659,426<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 621,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingBenefitObligationAbstract', window );"><strong>WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation', window );">Accumulated Benefit Obligations</a></td>
<td class="num">(853,300)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(794,200)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US', window );">U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInFairValueOfPlanAssetsRollForward', window );"><strong>CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets, Beginning of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">213,628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">204,983<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActualReturnOnPlanAssets', window );">Actual Return on Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,645<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,705<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer', window );">Employer Contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,753<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsContributionsByPlanParticipant', window );">Employee Contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsPlanAssets', window );">Settlements</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid', window );">Benefits Paid</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,027)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,813)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">213,946<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,628<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 204,983<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInBenefitObligationRollForward', window );"><strong>CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation', window );">Benefit Obligation, Beginning of Year</a></td>
<td class="num">(285,197)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(279,644)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost', window );">Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost', window );">Interest Cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(11,247)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,704)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,666)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss', window );">Actuarial Gains (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(37,550)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,662)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid', window );">Benefits Paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,027<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,813<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanForeignCurrencyExchangeRateChangesBenefitObligation', window );">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsBenefitObligation', window );">Settlements and Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation', window );">Benefit Obligation, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="num">(318,967)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(285,197)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(279,644)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan', window );">Underfunded Status, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="num">(105,021)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(71,569)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheetAbstract', window );"><strong>AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities', window );">Current Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="num">(4,990)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,188)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="num">(100,031)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(66,381)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet', window );">Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position</a></td>
<td class="num">(105,021)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(71,569)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax', window );">Net Actuarial (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(131,569)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(94,028)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax', window );">Prior Service Cost Gains (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,254<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,408<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTax', window );">Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(129,315)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(91,620)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax', window );">Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (37,695)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (11,546)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingBenefitObligationAbstract', window );"><strong>WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationDiscountRate', window );">Discount Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.10%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4.10%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease', window );">Rate of Compensation Increase</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation', window );">Accumulated Benefit Obligations</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (318,967)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (285,197)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember', window );">Non-U.S. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInFairValueOfPlanAssetsRollForward', window );"><strong>CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value of Plan Assets, Beginning of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">408,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">419,448<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActualReturnOnPlanAssets', window );">Actual Return on Plan Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">48,602<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer', window );">Employer Contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,872<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsContributionsByPlanParticipant', window );">Employee Contributions</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsPlanAssets', window );">Settlements</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,459)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid', window );">Benefits Paid</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,162)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,282)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,436)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(31,680)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets', window );">Fair Value, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="nump">445,480<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">408,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">419,448<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInBenefitObligationRollForward', window );"><strong>CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION [Roll Forward]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation', window );">Benefit Obligation, Beginning of Year</a></td>
<td class="num">(509,015)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(540,686)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost', window );">Service Cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,851)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(912)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(960)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost', window );">Interest Cost</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,652)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,943)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,876)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss', window );">Actuarial Gains (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(36,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,013)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid', window );">Benefits Paid</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,162<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,282<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanForeignCurrencyExchangeRateChangesBenefitObligation', window );">Foreign Currency Rate Changes</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,176<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">41,143<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsBenefitObligation', window );">Settlements and Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,164<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(886)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation', window );">Benefit Obligation, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="num">(534,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(509,015)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (540,686)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan', window );">Underfunded Status, End of Year</a></td>
<td class="num">(88,823)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(100,766)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheetAbstract', window );"><strong>AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED ON THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities', window );">Current Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="num">(885)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(816)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="num">(87,938)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(99,950)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet', window );">Net Amount Recognized in Statement of Financial Position</a></td>
<td class="num">(88,823)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(100,766)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (BEFORE TAX) CONSIST OF [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax', window );">Net Actuarial (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(181,403)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(177,157)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax', window );">Prior Service Cost Gains (Losses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,051)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,154)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTax', window );">Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(182,454)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(178,311)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax', window );">Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (4,143)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,446<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingBenefitObligationAbstract', window );"><strong>WEIGHTED AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED IN DETERMINING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationDiscountRate', window );">Discount Rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.60%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease', window );">Rate of Compensation Increase</a></td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation', window );">Accumulated Benefit Obligations</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (497,489)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (477,561)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss for defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (i-k)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (j)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTaxAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeBeforeTaxAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for gain (loss) of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (j)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetGainsLossesBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss for cost (credit) of benefit change attributable to participants' prior service from plan amendment or plan initiation of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (j)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActualReturnOnPlanAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in plan assets of defined benefit plan from actual return (loss) determined by change in fair value of plan assets adjusted for contributions, benefit payments, and other expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActualReturnOnPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) from change in actuarial assumptions which (increases) decreases benefit obligation of defined benefit plan. Assumptions include, but are not limited to, interest, mortality, employee turnover, salary, and temporary deviation from substantive plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanActuarialGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset (liability), recognized in statement of financial position, for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheetAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmountsRecognizedInBalanceSheetAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationDiscountRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average rate for present value of future retirement benefits cash flows, used to determine benefit obligation of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (k)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationDiscountRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average rate increase of compensation, used to determine benefit obligation of defined benefit plan. Plan includes, but is not limited to, pay-related defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (k)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssumptionsUsedCalculatingBenefitObligationRateOfCompensationIncrease</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of actuarial present value of benefits attributed to service rendered by employee for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of payment to participant of defined benefit plan which decreases benefit obligation. For pension plan, payment includes, but is not limited to, pension benefits and death benefits. For other postretirement plan, payment includes, but is not limited to, prescription drug benefits, health care benefits, life insurance benefits, and legal, educational and advisory services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(6)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6414203&amp;loc=d3e39716-114964<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligationBenefitsPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInBenefitObligationRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInBenefitObligationRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInFairValueOfPlanAssetsRollForward">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanChangeInFairValueOfPlanAssetsRollForward</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of contribution received by defined benefit plan from employer which increases plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanContributionsByEmployer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset segregated and restricted to provide benefit under defined benefit plan. Asset includes, but is not limited to, stock, bond, other investment, earning from investment, and contribution by employer and employee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(01)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(iv)(02)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanForeignCurrencyExchangeRateChangesBenefitObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which (increases) decreases benefit obligation of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanForeignCurrencyExchangeRateChangesBenefitObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of funded (unfunded) status of defined benefit plan, measured as difference between fair value of plan assets and benefit obligation. Includes, but is not limited to, overfunded (underfunded) status.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost recognized for passage of time related to defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=SL108413299-114919<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of projected benefit obligation for defined benefit pension plan with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2417-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPensionPlansWithAccumulatedBenefitObligationsInExcessOfPlanAssetsAggregateProjectedBenefitObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of payment to participant under defined benefit plan which decreases plan assets. For pension plan, payment includes, but is not limited to, pension benefits and death benefits. For other postretirement plan, payment includes, but is not limited to, prescription drug benefits, health care benefits, life insurance benefits, and legal, educational and advisory services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6414203&amp;loc=d3e39716-114964<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsBenefitsPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsContributionsByPlanParticipant">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of contributions received by defined benefit plan from participant which increases plan assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsContributionsByPlanParticipant</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) plan assets of defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanPlanAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cost for actuarial present value of benefits attributed to service rendered by employee for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanServiceCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsBenefitObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of (increase) decrease to benefit obligation of defined benefit plan from irrevocable action relieving primary responsibility for benefit obligation and eliminating risk for obligation and assets used to effect settlement. Includes, but is not limited to, lump-sum cash payment to participant in exchange for right to receive specified benefits, purchase of nonparticipating annuity contract and change from remeasurement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(10)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsBenefitObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsPlanAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of payment, which decreases plan assets of defined benefit plan, for irrevocable action relieving primary responsibility for benefit obligation and eliminating risk for obligation and assets used to effect settlement. Transaction constituting settlement includes, but is not limited to, making lump-sum cash payment to participant in exchange for their rights to receive specified benefits and purchasing nonparticipating annuity contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(8)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanSettlementsPlanAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingBenefitObligationAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanWeightedAverageAssumptionsUsedInCalculatingBenefitObligationAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, after reclassification adjustment, of (increase) decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (i-k)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability, recognized in statement of financial position, for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1731-114919<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansCurrentLiabilities</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability, recognized in statement of financial position, for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1731-114919<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementDefinedBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis=us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember</td>
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<td></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6931817712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Segment Information (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="8">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 474,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 467,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 466,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 423,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 491,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 449,400<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 448,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 410,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,831,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,800,069<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,796,103<span></span>
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(180,067)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(168,758)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(183,585)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (170,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 48,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 63,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 57,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 36,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(54,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">231,461<span></span>
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180,668<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">227,107<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">263,627<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">175,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161,155<span></span>
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<td class="nump">153,989<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">355,795<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">388,262<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">417,616<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">1,831,483<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">1,796,103<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">125,780<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">392,747<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">415,046<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">395,406<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">434,041<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">147,132<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">140,191<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Research Publishing &amp; Platforms [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">169,119<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">259,754<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">272,904<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">260,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,161<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">60,889<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54,805<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">334,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">321,774<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">332,966<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Academic &amp; Professional Learning [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">650,789<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">703,303<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">740,115<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,176<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">146,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">144,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">84,646<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,404<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">155,885<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">69,807<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">68,126<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,274<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">154,453<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">215,530<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">228,159<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember', window );">Operating Segments [Member] | Education Services [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">231,855<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">157,549<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">119,131<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(117,515)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,272)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,899)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss', window );">Adjusted Contribution to Profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,844)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,883)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,131<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,117<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,112<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,287<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,234<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,107<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateNonSegmentMember', window );">Corporate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Adjusted Corporate Expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(165,487)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(168,299)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(170,414)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and Amortization</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,798<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Adjusted EBITDA</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (153,793)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (154,276)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (156,616)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="12"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="12"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Adjusted Contribution to Profit is Contribution to (Loss) Profit adjusted for restructuring charges and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets. See Note 7, &#8220;Restructuring and Related Charges&#8221; and Note 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets&#8221; for these charges by segment.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Contribution to Profit with depreciation and amortization added back.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjusted direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedContributionToProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjusted earnings before interest taxes depreciation and amortization (EBITDA).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedEarningsBeforeInterestTaxesDepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of adjusted expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net adjusted result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_AdjustedOperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Direct contribution to profit minus allocated shared services and administrative costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ContributionToProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReconciliationFromSegmentTotalsToConsolidatedAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9031-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9038-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130543-203045<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e9054-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130545-203045<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 924<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.L)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6472922&amp;loc=d3e499488-122856<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6930984384">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers, Remaining Performance Obligations, Assets Recognized for the Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 8,900<span></span>
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<td class="nump">4,200<span></span>
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<td class="nump">2,600<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">963,582<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 953,222<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember', window );">Shipping and Handling [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cost of revenue [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Operating and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 32,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2020-05-01', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-05-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract', window );"><strong>Remaining Performance Obligations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount', window );">Remaining performance obligations excluding sales return reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Expected timing of satisfaction, period</a></td>
<td class="text">12 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue excluding sales return reserve.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_RevenueExcludingSalesReturnReserveRemainingPerformanceObligationAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68051541&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68051541&amp;loc=SL49131252-203054<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingCostsAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenuePerformanceObligationSatisfiedOverTimeAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period in which remaining performance obligation is expected to be recognized as revenue, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130556-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=us-gaap_ShippingAndHandlingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2020-05-01">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2020-05-01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6912745584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards, Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract', window );"><strong>ROU Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating lease, liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 181,592<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">142,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=us-gaap_AccountingStandardsUpdate201602Member', window );">ASU 2016-02 [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAndLiabilitiesLesseeAbstract', window );"><strong>ROU Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="nump">178,000<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="nump">$ 142,000<span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6930814144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Capital Stock and Changes in Capital Accounts (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the shares repurchased of Class A and B Common Stock:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares repurchased &#8211; Class A</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,191,496</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares repurchased &#8211; Class B</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">55.65</div></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTextBlock', window );">Summary of Changes of Common Stock and Common Stock in Treasury</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following is a summary of changes during the years ended April 30, in shares of our common stock and common stock in treasury (shares in thousands).</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za02ee464e1664172b31c837b360f9195" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares, beginning of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70,111</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">70,086</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Common stock class conversions and other</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued under stock-based compensation plans - PSU Awards</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares issued under the Director Plan to Directors</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stock grants of fully vested Class A shares - common stock</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares, forfeited</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Restricted shares issued from exercise of stock options</div></td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0786d345881d4226a4b58ca481cb5b8d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares issued, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shares repurchased</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of shares held, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,920</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,918</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number of Common Stock B outstanding, end of year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,096</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,137</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">9,153</div></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsDeclaredTableTextBlock', window );">Cash Dividends Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the cash dividends paid during the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z90e632ccac3d4b409031cb88c0a7f5a1" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Date of Declaration by Board of Directors</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Quarterly Cash Dividend</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total Dividend</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Class of Common Stock</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Dividend Paid Date</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shareholders of Record as of Date</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">June 27, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.2 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 24, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">July 10, 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">September 26, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.1 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 23, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">October 8, 2019</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">December 18, 2019</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.0 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">January 16, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">January 2, 2020</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 21.6%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 18, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 19.12%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$0.34 per common share</div></td>
    <td style="width: 10.31%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$19.0 million</div></td>
    <td style="width: 14.93%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class A and</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Class B</div></td>
    <td style="width: 16.85%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">April 15, 2020</div></td>
    <td style="width: 17.2%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">March 31, 2020</div></td>
  </tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of information related to dividends declared, including paid and unpaid dividends.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of an entity's stock, including par or stated value per share, number and dollar amount of share subscriptions, shares authorized, shares issued, shares outstanding, number and dollar amount of shares held in an employee trust, dividend per share, total dividends, share conversion features, par value plus additional paid in capital, the value of treasury stock and other information necessary to a fair presentation, and EPS information.  Stock by class includes common, convertible, and preferred stocks which are not redeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer. Includes preferred stock with redemption features that are solely within the control of the issuer and mandatorily redeemable stock if redemption is required to occur only upon liquidation or termination of the reporting entity. If more than one issue is outstanding, state the title of each issue and the corresponding dollar amount; dollar amount of any shares subscribed but unissued and the deduction of subscriptions receivable there from; number of shares authorized, issued, and outstanding.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of treasury stock, including, but not limited to, average cost per share, description of share repurchase program, shares repurchased, shares held for each class of treasury stock.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923902336">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited)<br></strong></div></th>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 21 &#8211; Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited)</div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">First Quarter</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Second Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Third Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Second Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.76</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Third Quarter</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">0.63</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Year ended April 30, <sup style="font-weight: bold;">(2)</sup></div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6912054096">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Description of Revenue Generating Activities</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Part I, Item 1, &#8220;Business&#8221; for a description of our business and our reportable segments.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms Segment</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms revenue by product type are Research Publishing and Research Platforms.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Research Publishing</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams:</div>

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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Journal Subscriptions;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="zc5c0ac7b9c184d0793bfa361b63bff9e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other; and</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z506d658eeb364172bfa618933f5fb900" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Journal Subscriptions</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Journal subscription contracts are negotiated by us directly with customers or their subscription agents. Subscription periods typically cover calendar years. In a </span>typical journal subscription sale, there is a written agreement between us and our customer that cover multiple years. However, we typically account for these agreements as one-year contracts because our enforceable rights under the agreements are subject to an annual confirmation and negotiation process with the customer.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In journal subscriptions, there are generally two performance obligations; a functional intellectual property license with a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year, which includes online hosting of the content; and a functional intellectual property perpetual license for access to historical journal content, which also includes online hosting of the content. The transaction price consists of fixed consideration. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Subscription revenue is generally collected in advance.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We allocate revenue to the stand-ready promise to provide access to new content for one year based on its observable standalone selling price which is generally the contractually stated price and the revenue for new content is recognized over one year as we have a continuous stand-ready obligation to provide the right of access to additional intellectual property. The allocation of revenue to the perpetual licenses for access to historical journal content is done using the expected cost plus a margin approach as permitted by the revenue standard. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when access to historical content is initially granted.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing, Reprints, Backfiles and Other</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Within licensing, the revenue derived from these contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments, including minimum guarantees and sales- or usage-based royalty agreements. Our intellectual property is considered to be functional intellectual property.&#160; Due to the stand-ready promise to provide updates during the subscription period, which is generally an annual period, revenue for the minimum guarantee is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the agreement. For our sales-or usage-based royalty agreements, we recognize revenue in the period of usage based on the amounts earned. We record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts. We also have certain licenses whereby we receive a non-refundable minimum guarantee against a volume-based royalty throughout the term of the agreement. We recognize volume-based royalty income only when cumulative consideration exceeds the minimum guarantee.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reprints contracts generally contain a single performance obligation which is the delivery of printed articles. Revenue is recognized at the time of delivery of the printed articles.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For Backfiles, the performance obligation is the granting of a functional intellectual property license. Revenue is recognized at the time the functional intellectual property license is granted.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other includes our Article Select offering, whereby we have a single performance obligation to our customers to give access to an article through the purchase of a token. The customer redeems the token for access to the article for a 24-hour period. The customer purchases the tokens with an upfront cash payment. Revenue is recognized when access to the article is provided.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Open Access and Comprehensive Agreements</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the Author-Funded Access model, we have a signed contract with the customer that contains enforceable rights. The Author-Funded Access model in a typical model includes an over-time single performance obligation that combines a promise to host the customer&#8217;s content on our open access platform, and a promise to provide an APC at a discount to eligible users who are&#160; defined in the contract, in exchange for an upfront payment. Enforceable right to payment occurs over time as we fulfill our obligation to provide a discount to eligible users, as defined, on future APCs. Therefore, the upfront payment is recorded as a contract liability and revenue is recognized over time.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In January 2019, Wiley announced a new contractual arrangement in support of Open Access, a countrywide partnership agreement with Projekt DEAL, a representative of nearly </span>700<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> academic institutions in Germany. This transformative three-year agreement provides all Projekt DEAL institutions with access to read Wiley&#8217;s academic journals back to the year 1997, and researchers at Projekt DEAL institutions can publish articles open access in Wiley&#8217;s journals. The partnership will better support institutions and researchers in advancing open science, driving discovery, and developing and disseminating knowledge. </span>Projekt DEAL includes multiple performance obligations, which include a stand-ready promise to provide access to new content, perpetual license for access to historical journal content and accepting articles to be hosted on our open access platform. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We are compensated primarily through a fee per article published and a consolidated access fee.</span> The consideration for Projekt DEAL consists of fixed and variable consideration. We allocated the total consideration to the fixed and variable components based on stand-alone selling prices for each performance obligation.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Research Platforms</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Atypon contracts typically include a single performance obligation for the implementation and hosting subscription services. The transaction price is fixed which may include price escalators that are fixed increases per year, and therefore, revenue is recognized upon the initiation of the subscription period and straight-lined over the contract period. The duration of these contracts is generally multi-year ranging from 2-5 years.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning revenue by product type are Education Publishing and Professional Learning.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Education Publishing</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Education Publishing generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>

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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education and STM Publishing;</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Digital Courseware;</div></td>
  </tr>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19da013f5d7a47b3aa96500686b95bde" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification; and</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z19e043a2fcbb41c28e8068f548fdcc03" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Publishing and STM (Scientific, Technical and Medical) Publishing within Education Publishing and Professional Publishing within Professional Learning product type below</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our performance obligations as it relates to Education, STM and Professional Publishing are primarily book products delivered in both print and digital form which could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of print or digital books purchased which are represented by an International Standard Book Number (&#8220;ISBN&#8217;s&#8221;), with each ISBN representing a performance obligation.&#160; Each ISBN has an observable stand-alone selling price since Wiley sells the books separately.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">This revenue stream also includes variable consideration as it relates to discounts and returns for both print and digital books.&#160; Discounts are identifiable by performance obligation and therefore are applied at the point of sale by performance obligation. The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related reduction in inventory and royalty costs as a result of the expected returns.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As it relates to print and digital books within the Education, STM, and Professional Publishing, revenue is recognized at the point when control of product transfers, which for print is upon shipment or for digital when fulfillment of the products has been rendered.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Digital Courseware</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Courseware customers purchase access codes to utilize the product. This could include a single or multiple performance obligations based on the number of course ISBN&#8217;s purchased. Revenue is recognized when the access codes are activated and then over the applicable semester term such product relates to.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Test Preparation and Certification</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Test Preparation and Certification contracts are generally three-year agreements. This revenue stream includes multiple performance obligations as it relates to the on-line and printed course materials, including such items as textbooks, e-books, video lectures, flashcards, study guides and test banks. The transaction price is fixed; however, discounts are offered and returns of certain products are allowed. We allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on its standalone selling price.&#160; Depending on the performance obligation, revenue is recognized at the time the product is delivered and control has passed to the customer or over time due to our stand-ready obligation to provide updates to the customer.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Licensing and Other</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue derived from our licensing contracts is primarily comprised of advance payments and sales- or usage-based royalties. Revenue for advance payments is recognized at the point in time that the functional intellectual property license is granted. For sales- or usage- based royalties, we record revenue under these arrangements for the amounts due and not yet reported to us based on estimates of the sales or usage of these customers and pursuant to the terms of the contracts.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Professional Learning</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Professional Learning generates the majority of its revenue from contracts with its customers for the following revenue streams</span>:</div>

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    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 3pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Publishing, which is described above;</div></td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Licensing and Other, which is described above;</div></td>
  </tr>
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  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment; and</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z44fcced9648b4b9aa9885e976c0b41d7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8226;</div></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Professional Assessment</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Professional Assessment through our authorized distributor network includes multiple performance obligations. This includes a performance obligation that includes an annual membership which includes the right to purchase products and services, access to the platform, support and training.&#160; This performance obligation is recognized over time since we have an obligation to stand-ready for the customer&#8217;s use of the services.&#160; In addition, there are performance obligations for the assessments and related products or services which are recognized at a point in time when the assessment, product or service is provided or delivered.&#160; The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on its observable standalone selling price.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, as it relates to Professional Assessment customers&#8217; unexercised rights for situations where we have received a nonrefundable payment for a customer to receive an assessment and the customer is not expected to exercise such right, we will recognize such &#8220;breakage&#8221; amounts as revenue in proportion to the pattern of rights exercised by the customer which is generally one year.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Corporate Training - Corporate Learning</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The transaction price consists of fixed consideration that is determined at the beginning of each year and received at the same time. Within Corporate Learning there are multiple performance obligations which includes the licenses to learning content and the learning application. Revenue is recognized over time as we have a continuous obligation to provide the right of access to the intellectual property which includes the licenses and learning applications.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Education Services</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services revenue by product type are Education Services and mthree.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Education Services</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue is primarily derived from pre-negotiated contracts with institutions that provide for a share of tuition generated from students who enroll in a program. The duration of Education Services contracts are generally multi-year agreements ranging from a period of 7-10 years, with some having optional renewal periods. These optional renewal periods are not a material right and are not considered a separate performance obligation.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services includes a single performance obligation for the services provided because of the integrated technology and services our institutional clients need to attract, enroll, educate and support students. Consideration is variable since it is based on the number of students enrolled in a program. We begin to recognize revenue at the start of the delivery of the class within a semester, which is also when the variable consideration contingency is resolved.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">mthree</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">mthree includes a performance obligation for the services provided which is recognized over the period of time the services are provided to its customers.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accounts Receivable, net and Contract Liability Balances</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due, from a customer prior to transferring goods or services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when, or as, control of the products or services are transferred to the customer and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6746463104">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 202,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 92,890<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">309,384<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">306,631<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventories, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">43,614<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,582<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">59,465<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">67,441<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">614,927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">502,544<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product Development Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">53,643<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">62,470<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent', window );">Royalty Advances, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">36,710<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,185<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Technology, Property and Equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">298,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Intangible Assets, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">807,405<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">865,572<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,116,790<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,095,666<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">142,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other Non-Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">98,598<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">97,308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,168,794<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,948,766<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">93,691<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">90,980<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent', window );">Accrued royalties</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">87,408<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">78,062<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of long-term debt</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">9,375<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Contract liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">520,214<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">519,129<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued employment costs</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">108,448<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">97,230<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent', window );">Accrued income taxes</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">13,728<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Short-term portion of operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">21,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">72,595<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">927,269<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">882,326<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Long-Term Debt</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">765,650<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">478,790<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Accrued Pension Liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">187,969<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">166,331<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet', window );">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">119,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">143,775<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">159,782<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Other Long-Term Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">75,373<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,197<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,235,170<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,767,419<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred Stock, $1 par value: Authorized - 2 million, Issued 0</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in-capital</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">431,680<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">422,305<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,780,129<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,931,074<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract', window );"><strong>Accumulated other comprehensive (loss):</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(340,703)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(312,107)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDefinedBenefitPensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNetOfTax', window );">Unamortized retirement costs, net of tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(227,920)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(196,057)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCumulativeChangesInNetGainLossFromCashFlowHedgesEffectNetOfTax', window );">Unrealized (loss) gain on interest rate swap, net of tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(6,874)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(574)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(575,497)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(508,738)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury Shares</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(785,870)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(746,476)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Shareholders' Equity</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">933,624<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,181,347<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,168,794<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,948,766<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">70,166<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,127<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Shareholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,016<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,055<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The sales return reserve recorded in Contract Liabilities is $32.8 million and $25.9 million as of April 30, 2020 and April 30, 2019, respectively.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration from customer for product sold and service rendered in normal course of business, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121593590&amp;loc=d3e4428-111522<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121593590&amp;loc=d3e4531-111522<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(15)(b)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for royalties. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCumulativeChangesInNetGainLossFromCashFlowHedgesEffectNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change, net of tax, in accumulated gains and losses from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges. Includes an entity's share of an equity investee's Increase or Decrease in deferred hedging gains or losses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCumulativeChangesInNetGainLossFromCashFlowHedgesEffectNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDefinedBenefitPensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss for defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit cost (credit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (j)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (i-k)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDefinedBenefitPensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated adjustment, net of tax, that results from the process of translating subsidiary financial statements and foreign equity investments into the reporting currency from the functional currency of the reporting entity, net of reclassification of realized foreign currency translation gains or losses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116690757&amp;loc=SL116692626-108610<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121370832&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121370832&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121322162&amp;loc=SL121327923-165333<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount paid to music publishers, record producers, songwriters, or other artists in advance of their earning royalties from record or music sales. Such an amount is based on contractual terms and is generally nonrefundable. This amount is expected to be consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 928<br> -SubTopic 340<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473541&amp;loc=d3e61799-108003<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvanceRoyaltiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121586364&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556615&amp;loc=SL49130531-203044<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121556615&amp;loc=SL49130532-203044<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121604090&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences with jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120406818&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability, recognized in statement of financial position, for defined benefit pension plan, classified as noncurrent. Excludes other postretirement benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1731-114919<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237824&amp;loc=d3e1703-114919<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120320667&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120398452&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116870748&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121559654&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt, classified as current. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs of long-term debt classified as noncurrent and excluding amounts to be repaid within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121603541&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6904-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.24)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121566466&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121322162&amp;loc=SL121327923-165333<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120400017&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121370832&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120397183&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121370832&amp;loc=SL117420844-207641<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937520624">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A reconciliation of the shares used in the computation of earnings per share for the years ended April 30 follows:</div>

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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
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<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,337<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 252<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 2,114<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 1,161<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (459)<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax expense (benefit) for (increase) decrease in value of benefit obligation for change in actuarial assumptions and increase (decrease) in value of plan assets from experience different from that assumed of defined benefit plan, that has not been recognized in net periodic benefit (cost) credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=121641772&amp;loc=d3e640-108580<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tax expense (benefit), before reclassification adjustments, related to increase (decrease) in accumulated gain (loss) from derivative instruments designated and qualifying as the effective portion of cash flow hedges and an entity's share of an equity investee's increase (decrease) in deferred hedging gain (loss).</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6906405024">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 6 &#8211; Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component, net of tax, for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were as follows:</div>

<div style="text-align: left;"><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Unamortized</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Retirement</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Costs</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Total</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(507,287</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">67,639</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,979</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">592</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">67,707</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(251,573</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(191,026</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(439,580</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(60,534</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,422</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,121</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(68,835</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Amounts reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,391</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,714</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(323</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total other comprehensive (loss) income</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(60,534</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5,031</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,593</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(69,158</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Balance at April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(312,107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(196,057</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(574</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(508,738</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(227,920</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(6,874</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(575,497</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, pre-tax actuarial losses included in Unamortized Retirement Costs of approximately $6.4 million, $5.5 million, and $5.9 million respectively, were amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss and recognized as pension and post-retirement benefit expense primarily in Operating and Administrative Expenses and Interest and Other Income on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6908347856">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 2 &#8211; Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Basis of Presentation:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our Consolidated Financial Statements include all of the accounts of the Company and our subsidiaries. We have eliminated all intercompany transactions and balances in consolidation. All amounts are in thousands, except per share amounts, and approximate due to rounding.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Reclassifications:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">During the three months ended January 31, 2020, we identified an immaterial error within our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, including the results for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. Certain consideration received for services not yet performed, mainly for our annual subscription licensing revenue agreements, was presented as a reduction to Accounts Receivable, Net, rather than an increase to Contract Liabilities. The correction increases Accounts Receivable, Net and increases Contract Liabilities by approximately $11.8 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. There was no impact on Revenue, Net, Operating Income, Net Income, Earnings Per Share, or Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities or the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Management has evaluated all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors and has concluded that the error is not material to the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for the previously reported periods. We have revised our accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position to correct this for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 and any related disclosures. This immaterial error did not impact the April 30, 2020 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The current policy for our subscription licensing agreements is to record accounts receivable when performance occurs and recognize contract liabilities once the invoice is due, or cash payment is received from the customer<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">.</span></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Use of Estimates:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenue and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include, among other items, sales return reserves, allocation of acquisition purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, intangible assets with definite lives and other long-lived assets, and retirement plans.&#160; We review these estimates and assumptions periodically using historical experience and other factors and reflect the effects of any revisions on the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period we determine any revisions to be necessary. Actual results could differ from those estimates, which could affect the reported results.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Book Overdrafts:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under our cash management system, a book overdraft balance exists for our primary disbursement accounts. This overdraft represents uncleared checks in excess of cash balances in individual bank accounts. Our funds are transferred from other existing bank account balances or from lines of credit as needed to fund checks presented for payment. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, book overdrafts of $7.4 million, in each year respectively, were included in Accounts Payable on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Revenue Recognition:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized using a five-step model consisting of the following: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Performance obligations are satisfied when we transfer control of a good or service to a customer, which can occur over time or at a point in time. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, including the expected value of variable consideration. The customer&#8217;s ability and intent to pay the transaction price is assessed in determining whether a contract exists with the customer. If collectability of substantially all the consideration in a contract is not probable, consideration received is not recognized as revenue unless the consideration is nonrefundable, and we no longer have an obligation to transfer additional goods or services to the customer or collectability becomes probable.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">See Note 3, &#8220;Revenue Recognition, Contracts with Customers,&#8221; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of our revenue recognition policy.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Cash and Cash Equivalents:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase and are stated at cost, which approximates market value, because of the short-term maturity of the instruments.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The estimated allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a review of the aging of the accounts receivable balances, historical write-off experience, credit evaluations of customers, and current market conditions. A change in the evaluation of a customer&#8217;s credit could affect the estimated allowance. The allowance for doubtful accounts is shown as a reduction of Accounts Receivable, net on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and amounted to $18.3 million and $14.3 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Sales Return Reserves:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The process that we use to determine our sales returns and the related reserve provision charged against revenue is based on applying an estimated return rate to current year returnable print book sales. This rate is based upon an analysis of actual historical return experience in the various markets and geographic regions in which we do business. We collect, maintain and analyze significant amounts of sales returns data for large volumes of homogeneous transactions. This allows us to make reasonable estimates of the amount of future returns. All available data is utilized to identify the returns by market and to which fiscal year the sales returns apply. This enables management to track the returns in detail and identify and react to trends occurring in the marketplace, with the objective of being able to make the most informed judgments possible in setting reserve rates. Associated with the estimated sales return reserves, we also include a related increase to inventory and a reduction to accrued royalties as a result of the expected returns. Print book sales return reserves amounted to a net liability balance of $19.6 million and $18.5 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The reserves are reflected in the following accounts of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position &#8211; increase (decrease):</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zb618d3d05363434f893c98e1fec72258" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Inventories, net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,686</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,739</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Decrease in Accrued royalties</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,441</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,653</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Increase in Contract liabilities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,769</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">25,934</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Print book sales return reserve net liability balance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(19,642</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(18,542</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: justify;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Inventories:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. U.S. book inventories aggregating $24.3 million and $21.0 million at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are valued using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method.&#160;All other inventories are valued using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Finished Goods not recorded at LIFO have been recorded at the lower of cost or market.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Product Development Assets:&#160;</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Product development assets consist of book composition costs and other product development costs. Costs associated with developing a book publication are expensed until the product is determined to be commercially viable. Book composition costs represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication, which include typesetting, proofreading, design, illustration costs, and digital formatting. Book composition costs are capitalized and are generally amortized on a double-declining basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 3 years. Other product development costs represent the costs incurred in developing software, platforms, and digital content to be sold and licensed to third parties. Other product development costs are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. As of April 30, 2020, the weighted average estimated useful life of other product development costs was approximately 6 years.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Royalty Advances:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Royalty advances are capitalized and, upon publication, are expensed as royalties earned based on sales of the published works. Royalty advances are reviewed for recoverability and a reserve for loss is maintained, if appropriate.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Shipping and Handling Costs:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs incurred for third party shipping and handling are primarily reflected in Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. We incurred $28.8 million, $32.7 million, and $33.7 million in shipping and handling costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Advertising and Marketing Costs:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs are expensed as incurred. We incurred $103.1 million, $89.5 million, and $68.3 million in advertising and marketing costs in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, and these costs are included in Cost of Sales and Operating and Administrative Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs of $65.8 million, $53.7 million, and $38.3 million were included in Cost of Sales in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. This includes certain advertising and marketing costs incurred by our Education Services business to fulfill performance obligations from contracts with educational institutions.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Advertising and marketing costs of $37.3 million, $35.8 million, and $30.0 million were included in Operating and Administrative Expenses in the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Technology, Property, and Equipment:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property, and equipment is recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method based upon the following estimated useful lives: Computer Software &#8211; 3 to 10 years, Computer Hardware &#8211; 3 to 5 years; Buildings and Leasehold Improvements &#8211; the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset up to 40 years or the duration of the lease; Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment &#8211; 5 to 10 years.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Costs incurred for computer software internally developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized during the application development stage and expensed as incurred during the preliminary project and post-implementation stages. Costs incurred during the application development stage include costs of materials, services and payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the software project. Such costs are amortized over the expected useful life of the related software, which is generally 3 to 5 years. Costs related to the investment in our Enterprise Resource Planning and related systems are amortized over an expected useful life of 10 years. Maintenance, training, and upgrade costs that do not result in additional functionality are expensed as incurred.</div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Allocation of Acquisition Purchase Price to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed</span>:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In connection with acquisitions, we allocate the cost of the acquisition to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimates of fair value for such items, including intangible assets and technology acquired. </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">The excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. The determination of the acquisition date fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed required us to make significant estimates and assumptions, such as projected revenues and related growth rates, forecasted operating cash flows, customer attrition rates, obsolescence rates of developed technology, and discount rates.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> We may use a third-party valuation consultant to assist in the determination of such estimates.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Goodwill represents the excess of the aggregate of the following: (1) consideration transferred, (2) the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, and (3) if the business combination is achieved in stages, the acquisition-date fair value of our previously held equity interest in the acquiree over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Indefinite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of brands and trademarks, and publishing rights and are typically characterized by intellectual property with a long and well-established revenue stream resulting from strong and well-established imprint/brand recognition in the market.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We use the acquisition method of accounting for all business combinations and do not amortize goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for possible impairment annually during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Intangible Assets with Definite Lives and Other Long-Lived Assets:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Definite-lived intangible assets principally consist of content and publishing rights, customer relationships, brands and trademarks, developed technology and non-compete agreements and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The most significant factors in determining the estimated lives of these intangibles are the history and longevity of the brands, trademarks, and content and publication rights and developed technology acquired combined with the strength and pattern of projected cash flows.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible assets with definite lives as of April 30, 2020, are amortized on a straight line basis over the following weighted average estimated useful lives: content and publishing rights &#8211; 34 years, customer relationships &#8211; 16 years, brands and trademarks &#8211; 13 years, developed technology &#8211; 7 years, and non-compete agreements &#8211; 5 years.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Assets with definite lives are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment.&#160;In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the projected undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on the discounted future cash flows.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic;">Derivative Financial Instruments:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">From time to time, we enter into foreign exchange forward and interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against foreign currency asset and liability commitments, changes in interest rates, and anticipated transaction exposures, including intercompany purchases. All derivatives are recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value.&#160; Derivatives that are not determined to be effective hedges are adjusted to fair value with a corresponding adjustment to earnings. We do not use financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Foreign Currency Gains/Losses:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We maintain operations in many non-U.S. locations. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted average rates. Our significant investments in non-U.S. businesses are exposed to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss within Shareholders&#8217; Equity.</span>&#160;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income as incurred.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-style: italic;">Stock-Based Compensation:</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We recognize stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value of the stock-based awards on the grant date, reduced by an estimate for future forfeited awards.&#160;As such, stock-based compensation expense is only recognized for those awards that are expected to ultimately vest. The fair value of stock-based awards is recognized in net income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The grant date fair value for stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model include the expected life of an option, the expected volatility of our common stock over the estimated life of the option, a risk-free interest rate, and the expected dividend yield. Judgment was also required in estimating the amount of stock-based awards that may be forfeited. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance-based stock awards is based on actual financial results for targets established three years in advance. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards, or estimated forfeiture rate, is recognized as an adjustment to earnings in the period of the revision. If actual results differ significantly from estimates, our stock-based compensation expense and Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income could be impacted.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">Revenue from Contracts with Customers</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 which requires entities to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted ASU 2014-09, and all related amendments, which established ASC Topic 606 (the "new revenue standard"), effective as </span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact to our consolidated revenues, financial position, or results of operations. Upon adoption, we recorded an immaterial net increase to opening retained earnings resulting from the change in timing of when certain components of our revenue are recognized as required under the new revenue standard as compared to historical policies.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF;">The impact of the adoption of the new revenue standard was not material to our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2019; therefore, we have omitted the disclosure that summarizes the effect of the revenue recognition standard by line item on our Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02 &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,&#8221; which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We adopted ASU 2018-02 on May 1, 2019. We did not elect to reclassify the income tax effects from comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Our policy for releasing the income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income is to release when the corresponding pretax accumulated other comprehensive income items are reclassified to earnings.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,&#8221; to simplify and improve the application and financial reporting of hedge accounting. Subsequently, in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-1<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">6, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes&#8221;. ASU 2017-12</span> eases the requirements for measuring and reporting hedge ineffectiveness and clarifies that changes in the fair value of hedging instruments for cash flow, net investment, and fair value hedges should be reflected in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. The guidance also permits entities to designate specific components in cash flow and interest rate hedges as the hedged risk, instead of using total cash flows. ASU 2018-16 allows the use of the OIS rate based on the SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. We adopted ASU 2017-12, 2018-06 and 2019-04, for those portions related to ASU 2017-02, on May 1, 2019 and there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements at the date of adoption.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Leases</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. Subsequently, the FASB issued in March 2019, ASU 2019-01, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Codification Improvements&#8221;, in December 2018 ASU 2018-20, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Narrow Scope Improvements for Lessors&#8221;,&#160;and in July 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, &#8220;Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements&#8221; and ASU 2018-10, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases&#8221;.&#160; ASU 2016-02 requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use asset (&#8220;ROU&#8221;) and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months and provide enhanced disclosures. Recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses depends on classification as a finance or operating lease. Similar modifications have been made to lessor accounting in-line with revenue recognition guidance.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The new standard provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. We elected the practical expedients to forgo a reassessment of (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs.&#160; We did not elect the practical expedient allowing the use-of-hindsight which would have required us to reassess the lease term of our leases based on all facts and circumstances through the effective date.&#160; In addition, we did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to land easements.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the new standard provides as a practical expedient, certain policy elections for ongoing lease accounting which we elected at the date of adoption and included the following, (i) to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met, and (ii) to not recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases that qualify as short-term.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A modified retrospective transition approach was required, applying the standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. A company could choose to use either (1) its effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as of its date of initial application. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2019 and used the effective date as the date of initial application. Accordingly, previously reported financial information was not updated, and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before May 1, 2019.&#160;</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">At adoption, we recognized operating lease liabilities of $178 million based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments for existing operating leases and ROU assets of $142 million on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The difference between the ROU assets and operating lease liabilities represents the existing deferred rent liabilities, prepaid rent balances, and applicable restructuring liabilities, which were reclassified upon adoption to reduce the measurement of the ROU assets. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our Consolidated Statement of Shareholders&#8217; Equity, Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow. See Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221;, for further details on our operating leases.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8211;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): &#8220;Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment&#8221;, which simplifies the measurement of a potential goodwill impairment charge by eliminating the requirement to calculate an implied fair value of the goodwill based on the fair value of a reporting unit&#8217;s other assets and liabilities. The new guidance eliminates the implied fair value method and instead measures a potential impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit&#8217;s carrying value compared to its fair value. The impairment charge cannot exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted ASU 2017-04 during the three months ended April 30, 2020.&#160; See Note<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;"> 11, &#8220;Goodwill and Intangible Assets,&#8221; for further details on the impairment charges we recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2020.</span></div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Recently Issued Accounting Standards</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Reference Rate Reform</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, &#8220;Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.&#8221; This ASU provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting.&#160; This would apply to companies meeting certain criteria that have contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform.&#160; This standard is effective for us as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, &#8220;Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes.&#8221;&#160;This ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Topic 740, &#8220;Income Taxes&#8221; and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application.&#160; The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, and early adoption is permitted in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued.&#160;We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software: Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.&#8221; ASU 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted. This ASU may be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020 prospectively to all implementation costs that will be incurred on or after the date of adoption. The impact will be based on future implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, which we currently do not expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans</div>

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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, &#8220;Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.&#8221; ASU 2018-14 removes certain disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain required disclosures and added additional disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis.&#160; We are currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on our disclosures.</div>

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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, &#8220;Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&#8221; ASU 2018-13 removes, modifies and added disclosures. The standard is effective for us on May 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. Certain disclosures in ASU 2018-13 would need to be applied on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">&#160;</span><span style="background-color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">We do not believe that the adoption of ASU 2018-13 will have an impact on our consolidated financial statements with the exception of new and expanded disclosures.</span></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.&#8221; Subsequently, in May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05 - "Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief&#8221;, in April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,&#8221; in November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#8221; in November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-11, &#8220;Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses,&#8221; and in February 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-02, &#8220;Financial Instruments&#8212;Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842)&#8212;Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)&#160; (SEC Update)&#8221;. ASU 2016-13 requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for most financial assets held at the reporting date based on an expected loss model which includes historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses. ASU 2016-13, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-11 and ASU 2020-02 are effective for us on May 1, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal periods, with early adoption permitted.</div>

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<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We will adopt the new standard on May 1, 2020. Based on financial instruments currently held by us, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will primarily impact our trade receivables, specifically our allowance for doubtful accounts. We haven&#8217;t completed our analysis, however, due to the historical, current and expected credit quality of our customers, we do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-13 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial results.</div>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6911328176">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock', window );">Stock-Based Compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 18 &#8211; Stock-Based Compensation</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">All equity compensation plans have been approved by shareholders. Under the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan, (&#8220;the Plan&#8221;), qualified employees are eligible to receive awards that may include stock options, performance-based stock awards, and other restricted stock awards. Under the Plan, a maximum number of 6.5 million shares of our Class A stock may be issued. As of April 30, 2020, there were approximately 3,501,116 securities remaining available for future issuance under the Plan. We issue treasury shares to fund awards issued under the Plan.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Stock Option Activity</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of our stock option plan, the exercise price of stock options granted may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. Options are exercisable over a maximum period of 10 years from the date of grant. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, options generally vest 50% on the fourth and fifth anniversary date after the award is granted. For the year ended April 30, 2016, options vest 25% per year on April 30.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We did not grant any stock option awards since the year ended April 30, 2016. As of April 30, 2019, all outstanding options vested allowing the participant the right to exercise their awards.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The&#160; fair value of the options granted in the year ended April 30, 2016 was $14.77 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The significant weighted average assumptions used in the fair value determination was the expected life which represented an estimate of the period of time stock options will be outstanding based on the historical exercise behavior of option recipients. The risk-free interest rate was based on the corresponding U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The expected volatility was based on the historical volatility of our Common Stock price over the estimated life of the option, while the dividend yield was based on the expected dividend payments to be made by us.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A summary of the activity and status of our stock option plans follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z04b03f0cdde7470cb17af8fa3b28d98f" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">286</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50.14</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The intrinsic value is the difference between our common stock price and the option grant price. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $0.3 million, $4.4 million, and $10.4 million, respectively.&#160;The total grant date fair value of stock options vested during the year ended April 30, 2019 was $4.8 million.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, there was no unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to stock options.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdc9f45dccbc648ad85a544e1cbcd7887" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Options</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in 000&#8217;s)</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exercise</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Price</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Options</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in 000&#8217;s)</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39.69</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39.69</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">88</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.2</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">88</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48.75</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$55.99 to $59.70</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">120</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.9</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57.89</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">120</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57.89</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total/Average</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">286</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.0</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50.14</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">286</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 4px double; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50.14</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Activity</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of our long-term incentive plans, performance-based restricted unit awards are payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock upon the achievement of certain three-year financial performance-based targets. During each three-year period, we adjust compensation expense based upon our best estimate of expected performance. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, restricted performance shares vest 50% on the first and second anniversary date after the award is earned. For the years ended April 30, 2016 and 2017, restricted performance shares vest 50% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle and 50% on April 30 of the following year. Beginning in the year ended April 30, 2018, restricted performance share units vest 100% on June 30 following the end of the three-year performance cycle.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We may also grant individual restricted unit awards payable in restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock to key employees in connection with their employment. For the years ended April 30, 2015 and prior, the restricted shares generally vest 50% at the end of the fourth and fifth years following the date of the grant. Starting with the year ended April 30, 2016 grants, restricted shares generally vest ratably 25% per year.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under certain circumstances relating to a change of control or termination, as defined, the restrictions would lapse, and shares would vest earlier.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was as follows (shares in thousands):</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0ab96896175c41acba5bfbca042ad003" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Restricted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Grant Date</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Value</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Restricted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Restricted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Shares</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left;">&#160;</div><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nonvested Shares at Beginning of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">756</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57.38</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">861</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">913</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Granted</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">759</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44.46</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">415</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">525</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Change in Shares Due to Performance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">756</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">861</div></td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized stock-based compensation expense, on a pre-tax basis, of $20.0&#160;million, $18.3&#160;million and $11.2 million, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2020, there was $27.6 million of unrecognized share-based compensation cost related to performance-based and other restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a period up to 4 years, or 2.4 years on a weighted average basis.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Compensation expense for restricted stock awards is measured using the closing market price of our Class A Common Stock at the date of grant. The total grant date value of shares vested during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $17.5 million, $19.6 million, and $15.7 million, respectively.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">President and CEO New Hire Equity Awards</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On October 17, 2017, we announced Brian A. Napack as the new President and Chief Executive Officer of Wiley effective December 4, 2017 (the "Commencement Date").&#160; Upon the Commencement Date, Mr. Napack also became a member of our Board of Directors (the "Board").&#160; In connection with his appointment, Wiley and Mr. Napack entered into an employment offer letter (the "Employment Agreement").&#160;</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Employment Agreement provides that beginning with the year ended April 30, 2018&#8211;2020 performance cycle, eligibility to participate in annual grants under our Executive Long-Term Incentive Program (ELTIP). Targeted long-term incentive for this cycle is equal to 300% of base salary, or $2.7 million. <span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_9fed3c6d30554561aeffd93fb30a29f5">Sixty percent</span> of the ELTIP value will be delivered in the form of target performance share units and <span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_14fe932099ae4da0969083b99dc6a261">forty percent</span> in restricted share units. The grant date fair value for restricted share units was $59.15 per share and included 20,611 restricted share units, which vest 25% each year starting on April 30, 2018 to April 30, 2021. In addition, there was a performance share unit award with a target of 30,916 units and a grant date fair value of $59.15. The performance metrics are based on cumulative EBITDA for the year ended April 30, 2018-2020 and cumulative normalized free cash flow for the year ended April 30, 2018&#8211;2020.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The awards are described in further detail in Mr. Napack&#8217;s Employment Agreement filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2017.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In addition, the Employment Agreement provides for a sign-on grant of restricted share units, with a grant value of $4.0 million, converted to shares using our Class A closing stock price as of the Commencement Date, and vesting in two equal installments on the first and second anniversaries of the employment date. The grant date fair value for this award was $59.15 per share and included 67,625 units at the date of grant. Grants are subject to forfeiture in the case of voluntary termination prior to vesting and accelerated vesting in the case of earlier termination of employment without Cause, due to death or Disability or Constructive Discharge, or upon a Change in Control (as such terms are defined in the Employment Agreement).</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The awards are described in further detail in Mr. Napack&#8217;s Employment Agreement filed with the SEC as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2017.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Director Stock Awards</div>

<div style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of our 2018 Director Stock Plan (the &#8220;Director Plan&#8221;), each non-employee director, other than the Chairman of the Board, receives an annual award of restricted shares of our Class A Common Stock equal in value to 100% of the annual director stock retainer fee, based on the stock price at the close of the New York Stock Exchange on the date of grant. Such restricted shares will vest on the earliest of (i) the day before the next Annual Meeting following the grant, (ii) the non-employee director&#8217;s death or disability (as determined by the Governance Committee), or (iii) a change in control (as defined in the 2014 Key Employee Stock Plan).&#160;The granted shares may not be sold or transferred during the time the non-employee director remains a director. There were 20,048, 18,991, and 19,900 restricted shares awarded under the Director Plan for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6937377616">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt and Available Credit Facilities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 14 &#8211; Debt and Available Credit Facilities</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Amended and Restated RCA</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">On May 30, 2019, we entered into a credit agreement that amended and restated our existing revolving credit agreement (&#8220;Amended and Restated RCA&#8221;). The Amended and Restated RCA provides for senior unsecured credit facilities comprised of a (i) five year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount up to $1.25 billion, and (ii) a five year term loan A facility consisting of $250 million.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Under the terms of the Amended and Restated RCA, which can be drawn in multiple currencies, we have the option of borrowing at the following floating interest rates:&#160;(i) at a rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (&#8220;LIBOR&#8221;) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.98% to 1.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio, as defined, or (ii) at the lender&#8217;s base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from zero to 0.50%, depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;The lender&#8217;s base rate is defined as the highest of (i) the U.S. federal funds effective rate plus a 0.50% margin, (ii) the Eurocurrency rate, as defined, plus a 1.00% margin, or (iii) the Bank of America prime lending rate. In addition, we pay a facility fee for the revolving credit facility ranging from 0.15% to 0.25% depending on our consolidated net leverage ratio.&#160;We also have the option to request an increase in the revolving credit facility by an amount not to exceed $500 million, in minimum increments of $50 million, subject to the approval of the lenders.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Amended and Restated RCA</span> contains certain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a financial covenant in the form of a consolidated net leverage ratio and consolidated interest coverage ratio, which we were in compliance with as of April 30, 2020.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we incurred an immaterial loss on the write-off of unamortized deferred costs in connection with the refinancing of our RCA (as defined below) which is reflected in Interest and Other Income on the Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income for the year ended April 30, 2020.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the three months ended July 31, 2019, we incurred $4.0 million of costs related to the Amended and Restated RCA which resulted in total costs capitalized of $5.2 million. The amount related to the term loan A facility was $0.9 million, consisting of $0.8 million of lender fees and recorded as a reduction to Long-Term Debt and $0.1 million of non-lender fees included in Other Non-Current Assets. The amount related to the five-year revolving credit facility was $4.3 million, all of which is included in Other Non-Current Assets.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The amortization expense of the lender and non-lender fees is recognized over the five-year term of the Amended and Restated RCA. Total amortization expense for the year ended April 20, 2020 was $1.0 million and is included in Interest Expense on our Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total debt outstanding as of April 30, 2020 was $775.1 million, which included $9.4 million of current portion of long-term debt related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA and long-term debt of $765.7 million. The long-term debt consisted of $235.3 million related to our term loan A under the Amended and Restated RCA (amount is net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.7 million) and $530.4 million related to the revolving credit facility under the Amended and Restated RCA.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">RCA</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As of April 30, 2019, total debt outstanding was $478.8 million, which consisted of amounts due under our RCA.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We had a revolving credit agreement (&#8220;RCA&#8221;) with a syndicated bank group led by Bank of America. The RCA consisted of a $1.1 billion five-year senior revolving credit facility payable March 1, 2021. Since there were no principal payments due until the end of the agreement in the year ended April 30, 2021, we had classified our entire debt obligation as long-term as of April 30, 2019.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Lines of Credit</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">We have other lines of credit aggregating $2.7 million at various interest rates. There were no outstanding borrowings under these credit lines at April 30, 2020 and 2019.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Our total available lines of credit as of April 30, 2020, were approximately $1.5 billion, of which approximately $0.7 billion was unused. The weighted average interest rates on total debt outstanding during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 were 3.12% and 2.69%, respectively. As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the weighted average interest rates for total debt were 2.26% and 2.88%, respectively. Based on estimates of interest rates currently available to us for loans with similar terms and maturities, the fair value of our debt approximates its carrying value.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6913335104">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Technology, Property and Equipment<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Note 10 &#8211; Technology, Property and Equipment</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment, net consisted of the following at April 30:</div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Capitalized Software</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">471,844</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Computer Hardware</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">99,230</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">118,685</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Furniture, Fixtures, and Warehouse Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57,471</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Land and Land Improvements</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,298</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, Property and Equipment, gross</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">665,116</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">688,701</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(367,111</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(399,680</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 76%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">298,005</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">289,021</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table details our depreciation and amortization expense for technology, property and equipment, net for the years ended April 30:</div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2018</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">55,685</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50,095</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45,449</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Depreciation and Amortization Expense, Excluding Capitalized Software</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">21,031</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">19,323</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">18,878</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 64%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; margin-left: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Depreciation and Amortization Expense for Technology, Property and Equipment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">76,716</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">64,327</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology, property and equipment includes $0.9 million and $2.3 of work-in-process as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, mainly for capitalized software.</div>

<div><br/></div>

<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The net book value of capitalized software costs was $207.5 million and $200.2 million as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.</div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6909521392">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Product Development Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract', window );"><strong>Product Development Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 53,643<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 62,470<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedAmortizationOfOtherDeferredCosts', window );">Accumulated amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">244,100<span></span>
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<td class="nump">236,500<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember', window );">Book Composition Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract', window );"><strong>Product Development Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,197<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetsWokInProgress', window );">Work in process</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,300<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_SoftwareCostsMember', window );">Software Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract', window );"><strong>Product Development Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,995<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,048<span></span>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Content Development Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssetAbstract', window );"><strong>Product Development Assets [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ProductDevelopmentAssets', window );">Product development assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,904<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 5,225<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Product development assets consist of composition costs and royalty advances to authors. Composition costs, primarily represent the costs incurred to bring an edited commercial manuscript to publication including typesetting, proofreading, design and illustration, etc. Royalty advances to authors are capitalized and, upon publication, are recovered as royalties earned by the authors based on sales of the published works.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of product development assets, which are partially completed at the time of measurement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedAmortizationOfOtherDeferredCosts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated amortization of other deferred costs capitalized at the end of the reporting period. Does not include deferred finance costs, deferred acquisition costs of insurance companies, or deferred leasing costs for real estate operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120391452&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedAmortizationOfOtherDeferredCosts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_BookCompositionCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_SoftwareCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_SoftwareCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=jwa_ContentDevelopmentCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923753744">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis=us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember', window );">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract', window );"><strong>Amortization from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost', window );">Pension expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.5<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.9<span></span>
</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">jwa_ReclassificationAdjustmentOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>jwa_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for defined benefit plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e2709-114920<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4179-114921<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118257860&amp;loc=d3e4587-114921<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118255775&amp;loc=d3e1928-114920<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis=us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeAxis=us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<html>
<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6923710880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="16">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="5">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jan. 31, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jul. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jan. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Oct. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Jul. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"><div>Apr. 30, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_QuarterlyFinancialInformationDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information - Results By Quarter (Unaudited) [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax', window );">Revenue, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 474,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 467,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 466,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 423,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 491,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 449,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 448,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 410,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,831,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,800,069<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,796,103<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">324,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">313,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">322,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">280,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">340,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">305,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">316,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">283,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,240,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">1,245,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">(170,700)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">48,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">63,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">4,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">80,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">50,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">57,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">36,100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">(54,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">223,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">231,461<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net (Loss) Income</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (158,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 44,700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 63,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 34,900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="num">$ (74,287)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 168,263<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="nump">$ 192,186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>(Loss) Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (2.83)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.63<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.79<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.06<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.11<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.61<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.76<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.46<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (1.32)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.94<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.37<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted (in dollars per share)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (2.83)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.63<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.79<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.06<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.61<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.76<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.45<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (1.32)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1],[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.91<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3.32<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="22"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="22"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">In calculating diluted net (loss) earnings per common share for the fourth quarter and year ended April 30, 2020, our diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested restricted stock units and other stock awards as the effect was anti-dilutive. This occurs when a U.S. GAAP net loss is reported and the effect of using dilutive shares is antidilutive.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The sum of the quarterly earnings per share amounts may not agree to the respective annual amounts due to rounding.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395691&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=75031198&amp;loc=d3e14064-108612<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1,2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120395209&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GrossProfit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8924-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8906-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=120311839&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6927114144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Restructuring and Related Charges (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring charges related to this program:</div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Charges by Activity:</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,864</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">161</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Facility related charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,986</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 15.85pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,802</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">32,813</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock', window );">Activity for Restructuring Program Liability</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Business Optimization Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zcb02f733b85142e8ba831bf110732722" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation &amp;</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Other</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,864</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,193</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(39</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">17,632</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,802</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(1,372</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">430</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis=jwa_RestructuringAndReinvestmentProgramMember', window );">Restructuring and Reinvestment Program [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems', window );"><strong>Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringAndRelatedCostsTextBlock', window );">Pre-tax Restructuring (Credits) Charges</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following tables summarize the pre-tax restructuring (credits) charges related to this program:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="za801358f23964b0cbf734ec95bbcee0b" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(Credits) Charges by Segment:</div></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">26,884</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(5</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,139</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">8,244</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">42,834</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(103</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">389</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,894</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,764</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Corporate Expenses</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(438</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">459</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">13,171</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">95,940</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(206</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,118</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,566</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">169,422</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Consulting and contract termination costs</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,815</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">20,984</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 16.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Other activities</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(462</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -6.9pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Restructuring and Related (Credits) Charges</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">3,118</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">28,566</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">169,422</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z9fc8359daa804ccf955e5770f62027d5" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 4.5pt;"/>
    <td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">As previously announced, we have changed our segment reporting structure to align with our strategic focus areas. See Note 20, &#8220;Segment Information,&#8221; for more details.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestructuringReserveByTypeOfCostTextBlock', window );">Activity for Restructuring Program Liability</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity for the Restructuring and Reinvestment Program liability for the year ended April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z311a7e28899247b8ba0d0b1ca7e9e3f7" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div> </div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(Credits)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Payments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adoption of</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">New Lease</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Standard <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation &amp;</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Other Adjustments</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">April 30, 2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Severance and termination benefits</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">4,887</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(250</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,238</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(132</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,270</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td style="width: 31.5pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 2, &#8220;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued, and Recently Adopted Accounting Standards</span>,&#8221; and Note 12, &#8220;Operating Leases&#8221; for more information related to the adoption of the new lease standard.</div></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6908075760">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2020</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock', window );">Activity in Goodwill by Segment</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill by segment as of April 30:</div>

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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2019</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Acquisitions <sup>(1)</sup></div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Impairment</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Foreign</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Translation</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Adjustment</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">2020</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Research Publishing &amp; Platforms</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">438,511</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">19,356</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(9,737</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">448,130</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Academic &amp; Professional Learning</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">458,145</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">45,410</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(2,464</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">501,091</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Education Services</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">199,010</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">82,561</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(110,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(4,002</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">167,569</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 40%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,095,666</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">147,327</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(110,000</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(16,203</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,116,790</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z2e95e63b06f646ff8628051e5eeb544e" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in the year ended April 30, 2020.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_jwa_ScheduleOfIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock', window );">Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: left; margin-top: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible assets, net as of April 30 were as follows:</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z117cba279f314f5c9bed48369bdf0ff4" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intangible Assets with Indefinite Lives</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">134,509</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">130,909</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">84,336</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">84,336</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">86,223</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">86,223</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">214,443</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(93,107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">121,336</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">220,732</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,600</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">217,132</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total Intangible Assets, Net</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,462,734</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(559,381</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(95,948</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">807,405</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1,372,820</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(503,648</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(3,600</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; border-bottom: #000000 double 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">865,572</div></td>
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  </tr>
</table>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="DSPFListTable" id="z68ccecd8ba91498cb69a997c3da1790a" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36pt; vertical-align: top; align: right;"><sup>(1)</sup></td>
    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Refer to Note 4, &#8220;Acquisitions,&#8221; in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more information related to the acquisitions that occurred in 2020 and 2019.</div></td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleofFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseTableTextBlock', window );">Future Amortization Expense</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization and assuming current foreign exchange rates, the estimated amortization expense for the following years are as follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50,554</div></td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%; padding-bottom: 4px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Total</div></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.20.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp7014626224">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">A summary of the activity and status of our stock option plans follows:</div>

<div><br/></div>

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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Exercisable at End of Year</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">286</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">372</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">49.70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">530</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">47.43</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 20%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Vested and Expected to Vest in the Future at April 30</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">286</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50.14</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.0</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#8212;</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">372</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">49.70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">599</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 7%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48.90</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock', window );">Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2020:</div>

<div><br/></div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="zdc9f45dccbc648ad85a544e1cbcd7887" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; text-align: left; color: #000000;">
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: top;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"/></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="width: 37.53%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Options Outstanding</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="4" style="width: 23.73%; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Options Exercisable</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom;"><div style="text-align: center; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Range of Exercise Prices</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Options</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in 000&#8217;s)</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Remaining</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Term</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in years)</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 14.11%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exercise</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Price</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Number</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">of Options</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">(in 000&#8217;s)</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom;">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="width: 10.92%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Weighted</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Average</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Exercise</div><div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Price</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$39.53 to $40.02</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.5</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39.69</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">78</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">39.69</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$48.06 to $49.55</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">88</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">1.2</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 11.94%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48.75</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.15%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 11.58%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">88</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.24%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1.95%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td style="width: 8.96%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #FFFFFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">48.75</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="width: 36.08%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$55.99 to $59.70</div></td>
    <td style="width: 1.51%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 9.49%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">120</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.57%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12.83%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">2.9</div></td>
    <td style="width: 0.53%; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF;">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2.18%; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: #000000 2px solid; background-color: #CCEEFF;"><div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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  </tr>
</table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSharebasedCompensationRestrictedStockAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Activity for Performance-Based and Other Restricted Stock Awards</a></td>
<td class="text">
<div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Activity for performance-based and other restricted stock awards during the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was as follows (shares in thousands):</div>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="z0ab96896175c41acba5bfbca042ad003" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; color: #000000; width: 100%;">
  <tr>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">57.38</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Granted</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">759</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">44.46</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">415</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">525</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Change in Shares Due to Performance</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(70</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">50.17</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(19</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(107</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Vested and Issued</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(329</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">53.14</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(357</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; background-color: #FFFFFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(318</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; background-color: #FFFFFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -7.2pt; margin-left: 7.2pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">Forfeited</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(173</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">$</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">53.35</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(144</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF; white-space: nowrap;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">)</div></td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="1" style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; width: 9%; border-bottom: #000000 solid 2px; background-color: #CCEEFF;" valign="bottom"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">(152</div></td>
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  </tr>
  <tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of option exercise prices, by grouped ranges, including the upper and lower limits of the price range, the number of shares under option, weighted average exercise price and remaining contractual option terms.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of the number and weighted-average grant date fair value for restricted stock and restricted stock units that were outstanding at the beginning and end of the year, and the number of restricted stock and restricted stock units that were granted, vested, or forfeited during the year.</p></div>
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